• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Comparative Osteology of the Eastern Newt (Notophthalmus viridescens) Between the Terrestrial Eft and Adult Stage

Hardgrave, Aaron J, Carter, Richard T 25 April 2023 (has links)
Eastern newts (Notophthalmus viridescens) are a ubiquitous member of eastern North America’s caudate fauna. Unlike the typical amphibian, their life cycle is split into three phases instead of two, commonly called a triphasic life cycle. The larvae of N. viridescens are fully aquatic, eventually metamorphosing to become terrestrial juveniles called efts. Upon sexual maturity, the eft will metamorphose into a semi-aquatic adult whose external morphology resembles other aquatic salamander species. The eastern newt has predominantly been described by its external traits, namely color changes and lateral tail compression, rather than the musculoskeletal system and anatomy. Since these salamanders occupy different ecological niches (aquatic vs. terrestrial) throughout their lives and likely experience different forces acting on their skeletons, they provide a unique opportunity to study internal changes across ontogeny and ecology. We hypothesize that differences in buoyancy, torsion, and locomotion are expected to result in morphological shape changes across the life stages of the eastern newt’s skeleton. Using image data generated on a SkyScan 1273 micro-computed tomography (µCT) scanner (Bruker), 3D shape analyses will quantify shape differences between individual bones and test the hypothesis. Three-dimensional digital models of each bone of interest will be rendered from the scans in Dragonfly (Object Research Systems). Each 3D model is loaded into SlicerMorph (3DSlicer), where 3D geometric morphometrics is conducted for each bone to test for potential shape differences between each life stage. Our results support a shape difference between eft and adult in particular bones and conserved shape across ontogeny in other bones. Differences in shape are associated with a difference in functional demand across ecological niches.
2

3D cranial morphometry, sensory ecology and climate change in African rodents / Morphométrie crânienne 3D, écologie sensorielle et changement climatique chez les Rongeurs Africains

Nengovhela, Aluwani 18 December 2018 (has links)
L'ordre des rongeurs (Rodentia) est le groupe de mammifères le plus riche en espèces, les muroïdes étant la superfamille la plus diversifiée. Comme ils occupent des niches écologiques arboricoles, semi-aquatiques, souterraines et terrestres, les rongeurs peuvent présenter des traits morphologiques reflétant leurs adaptations à des environnements aussi divers. Cette thèse porte sur la morphologie de l'endocrâne, de la bulle auditive et de la cochlée dans trois tribus (Otomyini, Taterillini et Gerbillini) représentant 10 espèces de rongeurs africains, en se concentrant sur la variabilité de ces traits, leur fonction et leur adaptabilité, à l'aide d'imagerie par micro-scanner et de méthodes de comparaison de formes tridimensionnelles. De plus, les variations de la taille du crâne ont également été étudiées en fonction du réchauffement climatique et des variables climatiques. Les changements / variations morphologiques sont liées à des différences environnementales. Par conséquent, chaque chapitre de cette étude détaille l'effet des changements environnementaux (dans l'espace et dans le temps) sur différents traits morphologiques, c'est-à-dire la taille générale du crâne (chapitre 2), la cochlée et les bulles auditives (chapitre 3), et la taille et la forme endocrânienne (chapitre 4). Le chapitre 2 traite spécifiquement du changement climatique au sens strict et les deux autres chapitres traitent de différents gradients environnementaux. Le chapitre 2 teste l'applicabilité de la "troisième réponse universelle au réchauffement" (c'est-à-dire de la diminution de la taille corporelle) et de la "règle des ressource" dans deux sous-familles de muridés, Murinae et Gerbillinae. L'étude montre que la troisième réponse n'est pas universelle puisqu'une seule espèce s'est conformée à ce type de réponse. De plus, il a été démontré que la disponibilité de nourriture (règle des ressources) était un facteur plus important que la règle de Bergmann pour expliquer les corrélations entre variations de l'environnement et celles de la taille des espèces de rongeurs.[...] / The order Rodentia is the most speciose group of mammals with muroids being the most diverse superfamily. Since they are represented in arboreal, semiaquatic, subterranean and terrestrial niches, rodents may exhibit morphological traits reflecting their adaptations to such diverse environments. This thesis focuses on the morphology of the endocranium, auditory bulla and cochlea in three tribes (Otomyini, Taterillini and Gerbillini) representing 10 species of African rodents, concentrating on their variability, function and adaptability, using micro-CT imaging and 3D shape comparative methods. Additionally, variations in cranial size were also studied in respective of global warming and climatic variables. Morphological changes/variations are a result of environmental change, therefore each chapter in this study details the effect of environmental change (in space and time) on different morphological traits i.e. general cranial size (chapter 2), cochlea and auditory bulla (chapter 3) and endocranial size and shape (chapter 4). With chapter 2 dealing specifically with climate change in its straict sense and the remaining two chapters looking at different environmental gradients. Chapter 2 tests the applicability of the "third universal response to warming" (i.e. declining body size) and the Resource Rule in two murid subfamilies, Murinae and Gerbillinae. The study shows that the third response is not as universal as only one species conformed to this response. Further, food availability (Resource Rule) was shown to be the more important factor correlated with body size variations in rodent species than Bergmann's Rule. [...]

Page generated in 0.0462 seconds