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This thesis is about a group of women working as qualified nurses in an NHS Trust Hospital in the North of England, and their relationship with an information system (IS) introduced onto the wards under the auspices of a major and highly contentious governmental policy of the 1980’s, the Resource Management Initiative. In relating the story of these users’ interaction with information technology (IT) two key issues are explored: the nature of IT failure and the role played by gender in the outcome of new technology adoption. In much of the recent prescriptive IS literature, the relationship of users to IS has come to be conceived as fundamental to the success and failure of technological systems. At the same time, social studies of technology (SST) have problematised the success/failure categories. By suspending disbelief concerning the inherent technological superiority of dominant artefacts, SST has shown how particular options in the developmental period of artefacts become stabilised and are defined as ’successes’ only ’after the fact’. Furthermore, ’success’ may be accomplished by virtue of the increasing adoption of the artefact, its markets created, its attributes flaunted or even because its supporters quite simply ’rewrite history’. Success and failure may thus be considered as social constructions, the result of hindsight, and the victory of one version of the technology over alternative contending accounts. Using the case study of a Nursing Information System (NIS), this thesis demonstrates the applicability of a social shaping approach to IT and software development for deconstructing the success/failure divide and providing a means to understand how failures occur within their social and organisational context. Two areas relevant to the nurse-users’ attitudes and responses are gender and nursing practice. Presenting an argument for the substantial influence of gender on computer usage in organisations, and associating this ’to a gender perspective on nursing, the scene is set for the empirical research into how these complex and sometimes contradictory issues are played out in the local setting.

Orientadora: Profª. Drª. Luciana Schleder Gonçalves / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação Mestrado Profissional em Enfermagem. Defesa: Curitiba, 29/11/2016 / Inclui referências : f.127-142 / Área de concentração: Prática Profissional de enfermagem / Resumo: Esta dissertação apresenta o impacto das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) na Saúde e no processo de trabalho do enfermeiro; aborda a necessidade de desenvolvimento de competências envolvendo conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes relacionados às TIC entre estudantes de Enfermagem; outrossim, destaca a adoção de TIC e a inovação das propostas pedagógicas como desafios à prática docente contemporânea. Considerando esse cenário, foi proposto um curso de "Gerenciamento da Informação e Sistemas de Informação em Saúde", elaborado na Plataforma Moodle com elementos de gamificação. Caracterizada como pesquisa exploratória, aplicada e de inovação tecnológica, de abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa, tem como objetivo geral investigar se o uso de gamificação contribui para a formação de competências em informática em Enfermagem, bem como avaliar o curso a partir de critérios de ensino e aprendizagem e de estrutura de conteúdo, segundo estudantes e docentes de Enfermagem de uma universidade pública do Sul do Brasil. Para tanto, foram adotadas três fases distintas: no planejamento, descreve-se o levantamento das necessidades de qualificação dos estudantes de Enfermagem e a definição das competências em informática na área, que nortearam a elaboração do conteúdo programático; no desenvolvimento, relata-se a elaboração do conteúdo instrucional e seleção dos elementos de gamificação, ambos diagramados na Plataforma Moodle, e; na Avaliação, apresenta os resultados da aplicação de um instrumento online aos participantes da pesquisa. Verifica-se na análise quantitativa dos resultados que o curso contempla os critérios avaliados: entre os docentes de Enfermagem, uma média geral de 93,75% sinalizou a existência desses critérios, e, entre os estudantes, essa média foi de 77,5%. A análise qualitativa aponta seis categorias: Sugestões, Elogios, Fragilidades, Notificação de erros, Estrutura do conteúdo no Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA) e Ensino e aprendizagem. De forma geral, o uso de gamificação na plataforma foi considerada pelos participantes como uma abordagem interessante e inovadora, de alternância às práticas tradicionais e aplicável ao ensino de Enfermagem. Conclui-se que esta proposta de curso, com conteúdo programático fundamentado nas competências de informática em Enfermagem, atende às necessidades emergentes de formação na área, e que a adoção de técnica de gamificação contribui para a formação de competências entre estudantes de Enfermagem, por impactar positivamente o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, constituindo-se mais um recurso no trabalho docente com vistas à motivação dos estudantes e à aprendizagem significativa. Sugere-se que o curso desenvolvido possa ser utilizado tanto em estratégias de ensino híbrido, como nas modalidades presencial e a distância isoladamente. Espera-se que a pesquisa contribua para a construção de conhecimentos e a inserção curricular da temática de Informática em Saúde e Enfermagem nos cursos de graduação e que a experiência com gamificação venha a consistir em um incentivo para práticas pedagógicas inovadoras e mediadas por TIC na Enfermagem. Palavras-chave: Conhecimentos em Informática. Informática em Enfermagem. Educação Baseada em Competências. Tecnologia Educacional. Gamificação. / Abstract: This dissertation shows the impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in Health and Nursing work process. It addresses the need for the development of competencies involving knowledge, skills and attitudes related to ICT among Nursing students. It also highlights the adoption of ICT and the innovation of educational proposals as challenges to contemporary teaching practice. Considering this scenario, a course on "Information Management and Health Information Systems" was proposed and prepared on Moodle platform with gamification elements. Characterized as an exploratory applied research of technological innovation, with both qualitative and quantitative approaches, it aimed to investigate if the use of gamification contributes to skills development in Nursing Informatics, and to assess the course using educational criteria and content structure, according to Nursing students and professors of a public university in the South of Brazil. Therefore, three distinct phases were adopted: Planning, which describes the raising of development needs of Nursing students and the definition of competencies in Informatics in the area, that guided the development of the curriculum; Development, that describes the preparation of the instructional content and the selection of gamification elements, both diagrammed on Moodle, and; Assessment, that presents the results of the implementation of an online instrument to the research participants. It was verified, by the quantitative analysis of the results, that the course includes the evaluated criteria: among the Nursing professors, an overall average of 93.75% mentioned the existence of these criteria, and among the students the average was 77.5%. The qualitative analysis identifies six categories: Suggestions; Compliments; Weaknesses; Error notification; Structure of the content in the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) and Teaching and learning. In general, the use of gamification on the platform was considered by the participants as an interesting and innovative approach, switching traditional practices, and applicable to Nursing Education. It is concluded that this proposed course, with program content based on computer competencies in Nursing, meets the emerging development needs in the area, and that the adoption of the gamification technique contributes to competency development among Nursing students, for impacting positively the teaching-learning process, becoming a resource in teaching focused on students' motivation and meaningful learning. It is suggested that the course developed can be used in both hybrid instructional strategies and in classroom and distance education. It is expected that the research will contribute to building knowledge and curricular integration of the ICT theme in Health and Nursing in undergraduate courses, and that the experience with gamification will consist of an incentive for innovative teaching practices mediated by ICT in Nursing. Keywords: Computer Literacy. Nursing Informatics. Competency-Based Education. Educational Technology. Gamification.

A quantitative, descriptive research study was conducted at a nursing college to investigate the nature of nursing learners' exposure to computer assisted instruction and computer-based learning, the perceived benefits of this exposure, and the problems that they had encountered. Learners, who had been exposed to computer assisted instruction and computer-based learning, participated. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was administered to collect data. The research results revealed that the learners had limited exposure to educational computer packages, and computer-based learning activities. They encountered numerous problems. Although the learners derived many benefits from computer assisted instruction, this did not result in effective learning. They indicated that they preferred computer assisted instruction more than traditional teaching methods. This study contributed towards recommendations on improving learners' access to the necessary facilities, equipment and educational computer software. The researcher also recommended strategies to ensure that computer assisted instruction is based on sound educational principles. / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)

A quantitative, descriptive research study was conducted at a nursing college to investigate the nature of nursing learners' exposure to computer assisted instruction and computer-based learning, the perceived benefits of this exposure, and the problems that they had encountered. Learners, who had been exposed to computer assisted instruction and computer-based learning, participated. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was administered to collect data. The research results revealed that the learners had limited exposure to educational computer packages, and computer-based learning activities. They encountered numerous problems. Although the learners derived many benefits from computer assisted instruction, this did not result in effective learning. They indicated that they preferred computer assisted instruction more than traditional teaching methods. This study contributed towards recommendations on improving learners' access to the necessary facilities, equipment and educational computer software. The researcher also recommended strategies to ensure that computer assisted instruction is based on sound educational principles. / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)

The use of information and communication technologies and computerised training tools in nursing education has gained traction globally and locally. Nursing campuses in KwaZulu-Natal are yet to explore this avenue despite the existence of numerous challenges with conventional methods of teaching and learning, and Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) pre-service training. Integrated Management of Childhood Illness Computerised Adaptation and Training Tool (ICATT), an e-learning tool has been identified as an innovative technology that has the potential to strengthen IMCI pre-service training and increase training coverage at nursing campuses. The aim of this study is to investigate the nursing campuses’ readiness for the use of ICATT, and to develop guidelines and a model for improving the use of ICATT at the nursing campuses. This study adopted a sequential exploratory mixed methods design and was conducted in three phases at ten nursing campuses in KwaZulu-Natal. In phases one and two, data was collected sequentially using a semi-structured interview schedule and self-administered questionnaires. The qualitative component involved seven individual administered questionnaires. The qualitative component involved seven individual interviews with campus principals, eight focus groups of nurse educators and eight focus groups of learners. The Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis framework was used to identify themes. In the quantitative component, data was collected from nine campus principals, 35 nurse educators and 235 learners and analysed using SPSS 23. Findings from phases one and two revealed that campus principals, nurse educators and learners had positive attitudes and identified enabling factors regarding ICATT use. Additional findings revealed that pre-existing barriers related to human, material, infrastructural and financial resources could impact on the nursing campuses, nurse educators and learners’ readiness to implement and use ICATT. Findings from phases one and two led to the development of guidelines and a model for ICATT implementation at nursing campuses. Phase three employed the Delphi method to obtain consensus opinion from 11 experts for the refinement of the guidelines. The readiness for ICATT use model and the guidelines can facilitate the successful implementation and use of ICATT. / Health Studies / Ph. D. (Health Studies)