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Environmental effects of rodenticide useCox, Paula R. January 1991 (has links)
No description available.
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The effects of processing on residues of the fungicide Imazalil on postharvest-treated cucurbitsScussel, Vildes Maria January 1995 (has links)
No description available.
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The political ecology of pesticide use in developing countries : dilemmas in the banana sector of Costa RicaThrupp, Lori Ann January 1988 (has links)
No description available.
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Analytical methods and instrumentation for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in fruit and vegetable substratesDehzoei, Ali Mostafavi January 1991 (has links)
The chromatographic behaviour of four organophosphorus pesticides has been investigated, using capillary gas liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and packed and wide bore capillary gas liquid chromatography with electron capture detection (GC-ECD). The first part of this thesis (Chapter 3) embodies the application of high performance capillary gas liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and the development of the methodology for analysis of pesticides in fruit and vegetable substrates. Manipulation of GC-MS data during the sample analysis is necessary in order to eliminate the problems arising from the complexity of the samples. The application of selected ion monitoring (SIM) in GC-MS is to a large extent limited by selection of the ion for monitoring, selection of internal standard, optimisation of electrometer zero, the electron multiplier voltage, the selected mass interval, column selection for GC-MS analysis and tuning of the quadrupole GC-MS. A major concern was with the determination of the optimum conditions for the analysis of substrates containing organophosphorus pesticides by GC-MS following solvent extraction (without clean up steps). The analysis of organophosphorus samples using GC-MS-SIM provides detection limits lower than Pg pesticide injected and very good recovery data. The second part (Chapter 4) deals with the application of GC-ECD. Here the role of packed column support, packed and wide bore capillary column temperature and detector temperature was investigated. Comparisons of the relative responses of the pesticides analysed (i) on packed columns and (ii) on wide bore capillary column under different column and detector cell temperatures were undertaken and the optimal condition for each of the organophosphorus pesticides was determined, under the optimal conditions the detection limits and recovery for fruit and vegetable samples were examined. The results from this method were correlated with the data obtained by GC-MS and found to be in very good agreement. The data obtained from analysis using GC-ECD was found to have a higher precision than that obtained by GC-MS, however GC-MS exhibited a higher selectivity for the determination of these pesticides.
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A study of novel methods for the in situ remediation of arsenic contaminated soilsHartley, William January 2002 (has links)
No description available.
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Environmental policy and the use of agricultural pesticidesFalconer, Katherine January 1997 (has links)
No description available.
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Interactions Sol-Plante dans un contexte de phytomanagement de sols pollués par des métaux : application à Miscanthus x giganteus / Soil-plant interactions in the context of phytomanagement of soil contaminated by metals : application to Miscanthus x giganteusAl Souki, Karim Suhail 05 May 2017 (has links)
Alentours de l'ancienne fonderie de Pb Metaleurop Nord, Miscanthus x giganteus a accumule peu de Pb et Cd dans ses organes aériens. Les expériences ont été menées pour évaluer la capacité de la plante à améliorer la fonctionnalité des sols contaminés, étudier les impacts à long terme des débris de feuilles massives sur le système sol-plante et déterminer les impacts des contaminants sur la santé de la plante en première et deuxième années de culture. Cinq sols été échantillonnés à différentes distances de la fonderie. Le plus loin est situé à 75 km. Trois cultivars été utilisés. Les résultats ont confirmé la tolérance des plantes aux métaux, et montré des effets positifs de la culture sur les activités biologiques du sol. Une tendance favorable été notée pour la teneur en carbone organique et la capacité d'échange de cations. L'incorporation de débris a conduit une évolution favorable de certains paramètres physicochimiques et biologiques. Sur une période de trois à six mois après l'addition, aucun effet n'a été observé sur l'extrabilité, la phytodisponiblité de Cd et Pb et la santé d'une culture modèle (raygrass). En outre, les résultats des biomarqueurs du stress de la première récolte démontré l'existence d'un stress oxydatif aux miscanthus cultivés sur le sol avec plus de 500 mg Pb kg-1. À la fin de la deuxième année, le stress oxydatif était plus présent et apparaissait sur les plantes dans le sol avec plus de 200 mg Pb kg-1. Cela s'explique par les contraintes des conditions expérimentales (la culture dans les conteneurs souligner les interactions entre les métaux et le système racinaire). Enfin, aucune différence n'a été observée entre les cultivars étudiés. / In the vicinity of the former lead smelter Metaleurop Nord, Miscanthus x giganteus been shown to accumulate little lead and cadmium in its aerial organs. Pot experiments were led to assess the plant ability to ameliorate the functionality of metal contaminated soils, study the long-term impacts of massive leaf debris on the soil-plant system and determine the contaminants impacts on miscanthus health in the first and second cultivation years. Five soils were sampled at different distances from the foundry. The furthest is located 75 km away. Three miscanthus cultivars were used. Results confirmed the plant tolerance to metals. They showed positive effects of culture on the soil biological activities. Favorable trend was noted for organic carbon content and cation exchange capacity. The foliar debris incorporation in soil led to favorable evolution of certain physicochemical and biological parameters. Over a period of three to six months after the debris addition, no effect was observed on the extractability, phytoavailability of Cd and Pb, and health of a model culture, ryegrass. Moreover, the stress biomarkers results obtained during the first harvest demonstrated the existence of oxidative stress in miscanthus grown on soil with more than 500 mg Pb kg-1. At the end of the second year, oxidative stress was markedly more present and appeared on plants obtained on soil with more than 200 mg Pb kg-1. This is explained by constraints resulting from the experimental conditions (cultivation in containers emphasizes the interactions between the metallic elements and the root system). Lastly, no significant difference was observed between the cultivars studied.
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The susceptibility of the aphids Myzus persicae and Brevicoryne brassicae to systemic pesticidesTemple, G. M. R. January 1980 (has links)
No description available.
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The comparative metabolism and toxicity of the pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin in vertebratesEdwards, Robert January 1985 (has links)
No description available.
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Influence du phytomanagement sur un écosystème contaminé par des métaux : application à Miscanthus × giganteus / Influence of phytomanagement on a metal-contaminated ecosystem : application to Miscanthus × giganteusNsanganwimana, Florien 11 December 2014 (has links)
La phytoremédiation est présentée comme une option pour gérer des sols dégradés. Les potentialités de Miscanthus × giganteus ont été évaluées, dans des conditions ex situ et in situ, avec pour objectif de produire une biomasse sur des sols agricoles fortement contaminés par Cd, Pb et Zn. Il a été dressé un bilan sur le comportement de la plante face à un gradient de contamination des sols, en intégrant les variations saisonnières et différentes pratiques agronomiques (choix du cultivar, densité de plantation, amendement biologique, fertilisation azotée). Il a aussi été étudié l’influence du miscanthus sur la mobilité des métaux dans les sols. Les résultats ont montré que la contamination des sols ne perturbe pas la croissance de M. × giganteus et le rendement de la biomasse récoltée. Le cadmium, Pb et Zn sont principalement accumulés dans les racines et d’une façon générale, M. × giganteus réduit leur transfert vers les organes aériens. Cette plante présente un bon potentiel pour la phytostabilisation des métaux et d’une façon plus globale, pour le phytomanagement. Prises individuellement, les pratiques agronomiques n’ont pas d’effet sur le comportement de la plante. En revanche, la fertilisation azotée d’une part, et l’interaction entre le cultivar et l’ajout de l’inoculum endomycorhizien d’autre part, favorise légèrement l’accumulation de Cd et Zn dans les organes aériens des cultivars étudiés. Compte tenu du caractère pérenne de la plante, il conviendrait de valider ces résultats sur le long terme, d’étudier les effets du stress métallique sur la santé de la plante et d’évaluer le devenir des polluants en lien avec l’accumulation des matières organiques dans le sol. / Phytoremediation is considered as an option for management of degraded soils. The potential of Miscanthus × giganteus were assessed in ex situ and in situ conditions, with the aim of producing biomass on agricultural soils heavily contaminated by Cd, Pb and Zn. The study mainly focused on the behavior of M. × giganteus growing on soils presenting a contamination gradient, and included seasonal variations and different agronomic practices, i.e., choice of the cultivar, planting density, biological soil amendment and nitrogen fertilization. The influence of the plant on metal mobility in soils was also assessed. The results show that soil contamination does not affect M. × giganteus growth and shoot yields. Cadmium, Pb and Zn are mainly accumulated in roots and in general M. × giganteus reduces their transfer to the aboveground organs. This plant presents therefore a great potential for metal phytostabilisation, and in a more comprehensive way, for phytomanagement. Taken individually, agronomic practices did not affect the plant behavior. However, nitrogen fertilization on one hand, and the interaction between the cultivar ad the endomycorrhizal inoculum on the other hand, increase the Cd and Zn accumulation in miscanthus organs. Given the perennial nature of the plant, long-term studies are needed to validate the present results, to assess the effects of metal-induced stress on the plant health as well as the fate of contaminants in relation to the accumulation of soil organic matter in miscanthus plantations.
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