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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Probe Oxidative Damage in DNA Charge Transfer Process

Cao, Huachuan 18 January 2005 (has links)
As a hydrophilic biopolymer, a DNA molecule is surrounded by water molecules in aqueous solution. The charge hopping mechanism indicates the competition between radical cation quenching by water molecules and migration along DNA partially determines the distance and efficiency of charge transport in DNA. Lipid can effectively bind DNA to induce hydrophobic environment around the DNA helix and reduce the water contact with bases in the DNA duplex. Therefore, the effect of water molecules on charge transport can be studied by comparison between nature DNA and DNA-lipid complexes. We synthesized several cationic lipids with various lengths of dialkyl chain (2, 8, 18) and spermine (Sp4+) binding core in this research, which posses strong DNA binding affinity due to their multi-charged spermine head-groups. Among those, C8GlySp4+ and C2GlySp4+ can form stable complex with DNA oligomer in aqueous solution, characterized by time dependent UV and CD spectrometry. C2GlySp4+ showed the similar inhibition on oxidative damage in GG steps as spermine while C8GlySp4+ demonstrated much more significant prohibitive effect at the same concentration. Since all the lipids bear the same binding core, they should afford the similar binding affinity towards DNA duplexes. we attributed the observation to the longer length of dialkyl group in C8GlySp4+, which can more effectively shield the DNA duplex from the water molecules than either spermine or C2GlySp4+. A kinetic model based on phonon-assist polaron hopping mechanism was proposed to rationalize the experimental results. The finding may give insight on the protection of DNA oxidative damage by reducing the access of the water molecule to DNA duplex and may have potential impact on the application of DNA as conducting biopolymer and protection of DNA in biological system.
2

Participação de radicais livres centrados em átomos de carbono na toxicidade de hidrazina / Carbon-centered free radicals participation in hydrazine toxicity

Gomes, Ligia Ferreira 30 April 1996 (has links)
A produção de radicais de carbono \"in vivo\" durante a biotransformação da hidrazina foi demonstrada por ressonância para magnética eletrônica, utilizando o método do captador de spin. Eritrócitos de rato também oxidaram a hidrazina, formando radicais de carbono e nitrogênio, além de espécies reativas de oxigênio. Todas estas espécies, possivelmente formadas \"in vivo\", são potencialmente causadoras de dano a macromoléculas. Podem, por exemplo, iniciar reações secundárias formando radicais de componentes celulares, como ocorreu com a hemoglobina que foi oxidada a radicais tiil-hemoglobina em eritrócitos tratados com hídrazina. Radicais de carbono formados durante a biotransformação da hidrazina em animais expostos provêm necessariamente de substâncias endógenas e podem ser direta ou indiretamente responsáveis pela modificação ( alquilação ) de bases no DNA \"in vivo\". A hidrazona do formaldeído é descrita na literatura como um intermediário da alquilação induzida por hidrazina \"in vivo\". Células L 1210, catalase ou oxihemoglobina de rato foram capazes de formar radicais de carbono durante a oxidação da hidrazona do formaldeído. A oxidação da hidrazona do formaldeído pela catalase foi estudada \"in vítro\" e os radicais de carbono formados, identificados como radicais metila. A base modificada C8 -metil-guanina foi formada em animais expostos, como demonstrado por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência associada à detecção eletroquímica, sugerindo que ocorreu alquilação do DNA por radicais metila durante a biotransformação da hidrazina \"in vivo\". / The production of carbon-centered radicais during hydrazine biotransformation \"in vivo\" was demonstrated by electron paramagnetic resonance ( EPR ) spin trapping technique. Rat red blood cells also oxidized hydrazine, forming carbon and nitrogen centered radicais, besides oxygen reactive speties. Ali these species, possibly formed \"in vivo\", are potentially harmful to macromolecules. For example, they can initiate secondary reactions in which the radicais from cell components are formed, as it occurred with hemoglobin, forming thiyl-hemoglobin radicais in the red blood cells treated with hydrazine. Carbon-centered radicais produced during the biotransformation of hydrazine in exposed animais must be derived from endogenous sources and may be directly or indirectly responsible for the modificaton ( alkylation ) of DNA bases \"in vivo\". The formaldehyde hydrazone is reported in the literature as an intermediate of hydrazine-induced alkylation \"in vivo\". L1210 cells, catalase and rat hemoglobin were able to produce carbon-centered radicais during the oxidation of the formaldehyde hydrazone. The oxidation of formaldehyde hydrazone by catalase was studied \"in vitro\" and the generated carbon-centered radicais were identified as methyl radicais. The modified base C8 -methylguanine was formed in exposed animais, as demonstrated by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection, suggesting that DNA alkylation by methyl radicais occurred during hydrazine biotransformation \"in vivo.\"
3

Participação de radicais livres centrados em átomos de carbono na toxicidade de hidrazina / Carbon-centered free radicals participation in hydrazine toxicity

Ligia Ferreira Gomes 30 April 1996 (has links)
A produção de radicais de carbono \"in vivo\" durante a biotransformação da hidrazina foi demonstrada por ressonância para magnética eletrônica, utilizando o método do captador de spin. Eritrócitos de rato também oxidaram a hidrazina, formando radicais de carbono e nitrogênio, além de espécies reativas de oxigênio. Todas estas espécies, possivelmente formadas \"in vivo\", são potencialmente causadoras de dano a macromoléculas. Podem, por exemplo, iniciar reações secundárias formando radicais de componentes celulares, como ocorreu com a hemoglobina que foi oxidada a radicais tiil-hemoglobina em eritrócitos tratados com hídrazina. Radicais de carbono formados durante a biotransformação da hidrazina em animais expostos provêm necessariamente de substâncias endógenas e podem ser direta ou indiretamente responsáveis pela modificação ( alquilação ) de bases no DNA \"in vivo\". A hidrazona do formaldeído é descrita na literatura como um intermediário da alquilação induzida por hidrazina \"in vivo\". Células L 1210, catalase ou oxihemoglobina de rato foram capazes de formar radicais de carbono durante a oxidação da hidrazona do formaldeído. A oxidação da hidrazona do formaldeído pela catalase foi estudada \"in vítro\" e os radicais de carbono formados, identificados como radicais metila. A base modificada C8 -metil-guanina foi formada em animais expostos, como demonstrado por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência associada à detecção eletroquímica, sugerindo que ocorreu alquilação do DNA por radicais metila durante a biotransformação da hidrazina \"in vivo\". / The production of carbon-centered radicais during hydrazine biotransformation \"in vivo\" was demonstrated by electron paramagnetic resonance ( EPR ) spin trapping technique. Rat red blood cells also oxidized hydrazine, forming carbon and nitrogen centered radicais, besides oxygen reactive speties. Ali these species, possibly formed \"in vivo\", are potentially harmful to macromolecules. For example, they can initiate secondary reactions in which the radicais from cell components are formed, as it occurred with hemoglobin, forming thiyl-hemoglobin radicais in the red blood cells treated with hydrazine. Carbon-centered radicais produced during the biotransformation of hydrazine in exposed animais must be derived from endogenous sources and may be directly or indirectly responsible for the modificaton ( alkylation ) of DNA bases \"in vivo\". The formaldehyde hydrazone is reported in the literature as an intermediate of hydrazine-induced alkylation \"in vivo\". L1210 cells, catalase and rat hemoglobin were able to produce carbon-centered radicais during the oxidation of the formaldehyde hydrazone. The oxidation of formaldehyde hydrazone by catalase was studied \"in vitro\" and the generated carbon-centered radicais were identified as methyl radicais. The modified base C8 -methylguanine was formed in exposed animais, as demonstrated by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection, suggesting that DNA alkylation by methyl radicais occurred during hydrazine biotransformation \"in vivo.\"

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