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M.P.H., Faculty of Health, University of the Witwatersrand, 2011 / In South Africa, injury remains one of the major causes of death. International data also suggests that intentional and unintentional deaths are on the increase globally with highest increases noted in the middle and low income economies. The National Injury Mortality Surveillance System (NIMSS) which captures only 40% of all annual nonnatural deaths revealed that 27% of these deaths occurring mainly in adults and children are motor vehicle related. 58% of these are pedestrians. The rationale of this study stems from the findings for the National Injury Mortality Surveillance System (NIMSS) of 2002, which indicated a high pedestrian mortality. This study is a descriptive cross sectional analysis of pedestrian related mortality data from an existing NIMSS database. Continuous variables were summarised using means and standard deviation while categorical variable were summarised using proportions. Summary data were presented in graphs and tables. This was conducted using a statistical programme STATA10. Between 2001 and 2005, motor vehicle transport related deaths comprised 11.32% of all recorded un-natural deaths in Soweto with pedestrians accounting for 50% of deaths. The Pedestrian mortality comprised the dominant proportion of all motor vehicle related mortality from 2001to2005 (compared to drivers, passengers and unspecified road user categories). From the results of the study, it was shown that most pedestrian deaths occurred in the black population group, followed by coloureds. It also confirmed that the majority of pedestrian deaths were of the male gender group. With regards to time and day of death, it concluded that pedestrian deaths occurred in between 1800h and 2400h, mainly over weekends, whereas by age group, age group, most pedestrian fatalities were adolescents and young adults followed by children. When it came to access to emergency medical care, the study showed that the majority of dead pedestrians were never attended to by Emergency Medical personnel. Blood alcohol concentrations were raised in a high percentage of those fatalities in whom it was possible to measure such concentrations, suggesting that alcohol played a significant role in pedestrian deaths. A number of preventative and advocacy initiatives are recommended, with emphasis on broad based stake holder participation, education, engineering, as well as targeted interventions that address specific issues that were identified as major contributing factors to the observed increased vulnerability in those specific categories of pedestrians.

Thesis (M.Fam.Med.)--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2014. / Background: Health Care Workers (HCWs) are at risk of many blood borne infections at the workplace following injuries from sharp instruments and also from exposure of skin and mucous membranes to contaminated blood and body fluids. While the risk of exposure to blood and body fluids (BBF) among first level HCWs can be extrapolated to some degree from the literature on secondary and tertiary level HCWs, the rate of reporting of exposures and the reasons for not reporting may be very different. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the rate of, and reasons for underreporting of blood and body fluid exposures by doctors and nurses working in the public primary health care setting of sub district F in the Johannesburg metropolitan district. Methods: The study was a quantitative descriptive cross sectional survey using an 18-item, self administered, anonymous questionnaire. Results: The study population included 515 health care workers (HCWs). The response rate was 90.1%. Most of the participants were nurses (87.4%) and female (88.1%). One hundred twelve (25.2%) of the participants reported having at least one BBF exposure in the preceding 12 months. The rate of BBF exposure was 80 per 100 HCWs per year. Two hundred ninety one exposures (82.0%) were not reported. Doctors were at increased odds for not reporting BBF exposures compared to nurses (OR = 2.146; P=0.011). The most common reason given for not reporting exposures was lack of time (42.7%). Conclusion: There is a high rate of underreporting of BBF exposures in the primary health care setting mostly due to lack of time. The rate of BBF exposure underreporting at this care level is comparable to that at secondary and tertiary levels. There is a need to improve BBF exposure reporting among workers at primary health care level.

Thesis (M.B.A.)--Boston University

This study investigates the efficacy of Kerr’s (1957) “Goals-Freedom-Alertness” (GFA) theory of accident causation and Likert’s (1961) theory of dissimilar attitudes between supervisory levels as applied to the U.S. Forest Service. There are two types of ranger districts, those rated high and low on the basis of accident frequency ratios. From each district four subjects from each of two supervisory levels were administered a battery of ten scales. The overall results indicate that neither GFA theory was supported on the district variable, nor Likert’s theory on the supervisor variable. The results independent of theory do indicate that the manner in which the district ranger is seen by his immediate subordinates is related to accident frequency.

Univ., Diss.--Trier, 2007.

Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 2002. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 192 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 76-81).

Thesis--PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis--PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst.