A causa del terremoto del 27 de Febrero de 2010, a lo largo del país numerosos edificios de hormigón armado sufrieron daño estructural. El Edificio Río Petrohué de Viña del Mar presentó daños estructurales graves y debió ser desalojado para su reparación. Durante parte del periodo de desalojo, fue instrumentado con el objetivo de identificar sus propiedades modales y de respuesta durante eventos sísmicos.La red de monitoreo contaba con doce sensores de aceleración puestos en distintos niveles y sensores de desplazamiento relativo en un muro dañado en el subterráneo del edificio. Esta red registró cinco temblores de mediana y baja intensidad y vibraciones ambientales. El proceso de identificación de los parámetros modales del edificio se realizó, primero utilizando el método Stochastic Subspace Identification a partir de los registros de vibración ambientales. Los resultados de este análisis fueron incorporados como variables iniciales en el proceso de identificación nolineal de la ecuación modal de equilibrio dinámico (AMED). Este procedimiento requiere de los registros de entrada y salida de los sismos detectados y ajusta los parámetros modales minimizando una función objetivo. Alternativamente y con el fin de corroborar los resultados obtenidos con AMED, se procedió a la identificación de los parámetros modales utilizando el método Multivariable Output Error StateSpace (MOESP), el cual entrega las propiedades modales a partir de registros sísmicos minimizando el error cuadrático medio de la respuesta del modelo y el de la estructura. Los resultados obtenidos mediante MOESP presentan mayor estabilidad en relación a AMED y una muchísima mayor velocidad de cómputo. La variación de las propiedades modales de la estructura se evaluó mediante el análisis por ventanas de tiempo móviles. El estudio permitió establecer un aumento de las frecuencias naturales del edificio con un aumento de las amplitudes de vibración. No se observaron comportamientos predecibles y consistentes para el amortiguamiento y no se observaron variaciones importantes para las formas modales. El estudio de los desplazamientos del muro más dañado durante el sismo de mayor intensidad registrado muestra que las deformaciones están controladas por la respuesta a flexión por sobre las deformaciones por corte. Este tipo de instrumentación y análisis de vibración permitió observar el comportamiento del edificio y determinar las consecuencias de su daño en las propiedades dinámicas y la respuestas de las estructura.

Text in English / Through an in-depth analysis of selected texts, this study engages with the ways in which Ogun is reimagined by recent selected Nigerian playwrights. Early writers from this country, influenced by their modernist education, misrepresented Ogun by presenting only his so-called negative attributes. Contemporary writers are reconceptualising him; it is the task of this thesis to demonstrate how they are doing so from a decolonial perspective. These alleged attributes represent Ogun as a wicked, bloodthirsty, arrogant and hot tempered god who only kills and makes no positive contribution to the Yoruba community. The thesis argues that the notion of an African god should be viewed from an Afrocentric perspective, not a Eurocentric one, which might lead to violence or misrepresentation of him. The dialogue in the plays conveys how the playwrights have constructed their main characters as Ogun representatives in their society. For example, Mojagbe and Morontonu present Balogun, the chief warlord of their different community; both characters exhibit Ogun features of defending their community. The chosen plays for this study are selected based on different notions of Ogun, the Yoruba god of iron and war, presented by the playwrights. A closer look at the primary materials this thesis explores suggests Ogun’s strong connection with rituals and cultural festivals. These plays exemplify African ritual theatre. Being a member of the Yoruba ethnic group, I have considerable knowledge of how festivals are performed. The Ogun festival is an annual celebration among the Yoruba, where African idioms of puppetry, masquerading, music, dance, mime, invocation, evocation and several elements of drama are incorporated into the performances. The selected plays critiqued in this thesis are Mojagbe (Ahmed Yerima, 2008), Battles of Pleasure (Peter Omoko, 2009), Hard Choice (Sunnie Ododo, 2011), and Morontonu (Alex Roy-Omoni, 2012). No in-depth exploration has previously been undertaken into the kinds of textual and ideological identities that Ogun adopts, especially in the selected plays. Therefore, using a decolonial epistemic perspective, this study offers a critical examination of how the selected Nigerian playwrights between the years 2008 and 2012 have constructed Ogun, the Yoruba god of iron. Such a perspective assists in delinking interpretations from the modernised notions mentioned above, in which Ogun is sometimes a paradoxical god. Coloniality is responsible for such misinterpretation; the employed theoretical framework is used to interrogate these notions. The research project begins with a general introduction locating Ogun in Yoruba mythology, which forms the background to how the god is being constructed in Yorubaland. Also included iii in this first chapter is a discussion on a decolonial perspective, the principles of coloniality, the aims and objective of the study, and the relevant literature review. Thereafter, chapter two focuses on Battles of Pleasure and argues that the play re-imagines Ogun as a god of peace and harvest as opposed to a god of war and destruction. Chapter three discusses how Ododo’s Hard Choice reconceptualises Ogun as a god of justice, in contrast to him being interpreted as a god who engages in reckless devastation of life. Chapter four explores Ogun’s representation in Yerima’s Mojagbe as a reformer who gives human beings ample time to change from their wayward course to a course that he approves. In chapter five, Ogun’s reconception as a remover of obstacles in Roy-Omoni’s Morontonu is examined. The study concludes with a discussion on how Africans should delink themselves from a modernist Eurocentric perspective and think from an Afrocentric locus of enunciation. / English Studies / D. Litt. et Phil.(English)