Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 1950. / Include bibliographical references (leaves 90-98). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

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The complication of postoperative nausea and vomiting is still one of the most common today. The potential for secondary complications associated with retching and vomiting such as aspiration pneumonitis strain of suture line with possible hemorrhage, and potential fluid and electrolyte imbalance makes prevention of retching and vomiting a primary concern in the management of the postoperative patient. The use of antiemetic drugs to prevent or control postoperative nausea and vomiting is a long-standing practice. Droperidol, an antiemetic, routinely used since being introduced in 1963, has been found to be successful in treating postoperative nausea and vomiting. This study examines the effect of droperidol .018 mg/kg given intramuscularly one half hour prior to the end of anesthesia on postoperative emesis in the adult gynecological patient presenting for total abdominal hysterectomy. Twelve patients were in this double-blind study, six acted as controls and six were in the experimental group. All subjects were premedicated with morphine sulfate 0.1 mg/kg and glycopyrrolate 0.2 mg, intramuscularly administered. All were induced with pentathol 4 mg/kg preceded by curare 3 mg and followed by succinylcholine 1.5 mg/kg for intubation. The subjects were maintained on isoflurane, sixty percent nitrous in oxygen, and pancuronium for relaxation. The subjects were of similar age and weight. Duration of anesthesia was similar with a mean of 2.93 hours overall. The incidence of retching or vomiting was considered as the same result. The droperidol group had one subject retch only and another retch and vomit. This gave a 33 percent incidence of retching and vomiting. The control group had three subjects retch and vomit, giving a 50 percent incidence. The small sample size provided no statistical significance. The results showed a trend of decreased vomiting in the adult subject presenting for total abdominal hysterectomy. The routine use of droperidol in this particular population cannot be recommended from these results.

The dose-response relation and tolerance pattern of morphine in the formalin test, an animal model of tonic pain, were shown to be similar to those observed clinically in man. Tolerance was negligible and there was a ceiling to amount of analgesia once the acute depressant effects of morphine abate. In contrast, in the tail-flick test marked tolerance was seen in which the dose-response curve was shifted towards higher doses. These differences suggest that the underlying neural mechanisms involved in morphine analgesia in the formalin and tail-flick tests are different. In confirmation, brainstem lesions in the raphe magnus and the caudal periventricular gray attenuated analgesia in the tail-flick test but had no effect on analgesia in the formalin test. Lesions of the median raphe and the pontine reticular formation potentiated the effects of morphine in the formalin test but not in the tail-flick test. No brainstem lesion site was found that attenuated analgesia in the formalin test.

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TEIXEIRA, Justijanio Cacio Leal. Efeito do uso da dipirona sódica e da sssociação codeína mais paracetamol na analgesia pós-artroscópica do ombro. 2015. 60 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Farmacologia) - Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2015. / Submitted by denise santos (denise.santos@ufc.br) on 2016-03-08T11:26:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_jclteixeira.pdf: 567896 bytes, checksum: 9b62d078a0bc20e711b06d82cdb19867 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by denise santos(denise.santos@ufc.br) on 2016-03-08T12:05:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_jclteixeira.pdf: 567896 bytes, checksum: 9b62d078a0bc20e711b06d82cdb19867 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-08T12:05:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_jclteixeira.pdf: 567896 bytes, checksum: 9b62d078a0bc20e711b06d82cdb19867 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / The inflammatory process is a reaction of the body's defense against aggression triggered by physical, chemical or biological factors. Is present in almost all the lesions produced in the human body, thus being a usefu l and necessary process. This study aimed to compare the analges ic effect of dipyrone sodium (1 g) and Tylex (30mg) in controlling postoperative pain shoulder arthroscopy . Methodology: The sample consisted of 50 patients who underwent arthroscopy of the sho ulder needed, divided into two groups of 25 patients, in which one of the groups was given Dipyrone Sodium postoperatively and in the other the Tylex. Postoperative evaluation occurred immediately after surgery and during the 72 hours after surgery by debi litating Functional Scale (EDF). Results: Both dipyrone as Tylex were effective in controlling postoperative pain. Conclusions: analysis of the immediate postoperative period, the Dipyrone was more effective in combating postoperative pain, signaling the a nalgesic effects, but Tylex presented a longer effect. / O processo inflamatório é uma reação de defesa do organismo contra agressão desencadeada por fatores de natureza física, química ou biológica. Está presente em quase todas as lesões produzidas no organismo humano, sendo, portanto, um processo útil e necessário. Esse estudo teve por objetivo comparar a ação analgésica da Dipirona Sódica (1g) e do Tylex (30mg), no controle da dor pós- operatória em cirurgia de videoartroscopia do ombro. Metodologia: A amostra foi composta por 50 pacientes, que necessitavam realizar a videoartroscopia do ombro, dividindo-se em dois grupos de 25 pacientes, em que em um dos grupos foi administrada Dipirona Sódica no pós-operatório e no outro Tylex. A avaliação pós- operatória ocorreu imediatamente após a cirurgia e ao longo das 72 horas do pós- cirúrgico através da Escala Desabilitante Funcional (EDF). Resultados: Tanto a dipirona quanto o Tylex foram eficazes no controle da dor pós-operatória. Conclusões: na análise do pós-operatório imediato, a Dipirona foi mais eficaz no combate da dor pós-operatória, sinalizando o efeito analgésico preemptivo, mas o tylex apresentou efeito mais longo.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1993.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1993.

Orientador: Lino Lemonica / Resumo: Com o rápido avanço que foi observado nos últimos anos nas técnicas cirúrgicas e anestésicas, os procedimentos se tornaram cada vez mais invasivos. Como houve progressivo envelhecimento da população, o período mais delicado de recuperação, ou seja, o pós-operatório, passou a receber maior atenção. O surgimento de novas técnicas de analgesia, como a Analgesia Controlada pelo Paciente (PCA), vem preencher as necessidades da comunidade médica, cada vez mais atenta à qualidade dos serviços prestados. O Hospital de Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da UNESP, Botucatu, atento a essa nova realidade constituiu o Serviço de Dor Aguda (SEDA) para que esta lacuna fosse também preenchida em nosso meio. No intuito de identificar a atuação do SEDA, realizou-se levantamento, de fevereiro de 1995 a dezembro de 1997, com a pesquisa das evoluções de 679 pacientes seguidos pelo SEDA e que fizeram uso do método PCA de analgesia. Observou-se que os resultados obtidos pelo Serviço estavam acima da média relatada pela literatura internacional, com excelentes níveis de analgesia atingidos, baixa ocorrência de efeitos colaterais, e nenhuma complicação fatal no período do estudo. / Abstract: In the past years a fast developing has been observed in the surgery and anesthetic technique, with more invasive procedures being performed. As the general population has becoming older, the critical recovery period, it means the post surgery period, became focus of attention. The developing of new analgesia techniques, such as Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA), has the intention of fulfill the needs of the medical community, day by day more aware about the quality of the services. The Hospital of the Sao Paulo State Medical School, Botucatu, aware of this new reality had decided to form the Acute Pain Management Service (SEDA). With the goal of identify the way the SEDA acts this research was realized in period between February, 1995, to December, 1997. Data of 679 patients who used the PCA device were evaluated. The results in this study were as good as the international literature shows, with high quality analgesia, low side effects and no fatal complications on the period observed. / Mestre