The aim of this dissertation was to valorize the effect of various levels of taurine on the antioxidant status in rats body, monitor serum taurine and individual aminoacids in selectedorgans. This dissertation valorize the influence of taurine in the rats liver and brain after its application into feed mixtures. The effect of taurine was monitored on the ratio of GSH / GSSG,concentration of metallothionein and taurine. To this experiment were used 48 Wistar male rats, which were divided into eight groups (n = 6). During four weeks feed mixtures were given to these rats enriched with taurin eat a dose of 0, 1000, 1500, 2000 2500, 3000, 3500 and 4000 mg / kg / diet. Animals accepted diet and drinking water ad libitum. Average consumption of feed mixtures were 35 grams per day. Application taurine in creased concentration of taurine in the organism, which has an positive effect on antioxidant mechanisms of the organism. In deed we can not confirm that the addition of taurine in to the diet increases the concentrations of metallothionein and glutathione in the organism. In the brain was found increasing ratio of GSH / GSSG and reduced concentration of metallothionein. The other way around in the liver was reduction ratio of GSH / GSSG and increasing concentration of metallothionein.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-07-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:05:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 funari_cs_dr_araiq.pdf: 2600402 bytes, checksum: 4840dd71ba347ae01113e7c55ed07595 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A criação de um modelo nacional de saúde pautado nas aptidões e carências brasileiras é tida como fundamental para tornar o acesso à saúde pública mais abrangente e de melhor qualidade. O histórico do desenvolvimento mundial de medicamentos, a biodiversidade e os conhecimentos tradicionais associados a esta, e as competências científicas existentes no Brasil evidenciam a importância da bioprospecção. O gênero Lippia é amplamente empregado em etnomedicina e é constituído principalmente por espécies aromáticas. As investigações químicas e farmacológicas estão majoritariamente concentradas nos seus óleos essenciais, mas alguns componentes fixos, como flavonóides, fenilpropanóides, naftoquinóides e iridóides glicosilados já foram relatados. O Brasil abriga a maioria das espécies deste gênero, mas diversos problemas taxonômicos dificultam o estabelecimento de dados precisos. O stress oxidativo é apontado como ponto central no desenvolvimento de processos degenerativos associados ao envelhecimento e a diversas doenças. Conseqüentemente, terapias antioxidantes estão sendo propostas para o seu tratamento ou prevenção. Este trabalho descreve o fracionamento de extratos de folhas e de ramos de L. salviaefolia guiado por testes antioxidantes que levou ao isolamento de 16 substâncias fenólicas, sendo 4 isômeros interconversíveis inéditos, 2S e 2R-3',4',5,6-tetraidroxi-7-O-β-glicopiranosil-flavanona (12a e 12b) e 2S e 2R-5,8,3',4'-tetraidroxi-7-O-β-glicopiranosil-flavanona (13a e 13b), que foram identificadas em mistura por estudos extensivos de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear e Espectrometria de Massas. Foram isoladas também 8 substâncias do extrato de raízes de L. lupulina, selecionado com base em estudos iniciais de desreplicação por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência acoplada a Arranjo de Fotodiodos (CLAE-DAD). Os extratos... / The creation of a national model of health guided by need and capacity in Brazil is seen as fundamental to making access to public health more comprehensive and of better quality. The historical development of world medicine, the biodiversity and traditional knowledge associated with this, and the scientific expertise available in Brazil highlight the significance of bioprospecting in this country. The genus Lippia is widely used in ethnomedicine. Since most of its species are aromatic, the studies on the chemistry and pharmacology of this genus are mainly focused in essential oils, but some fix compounds, such as flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, naphthoquinoids and iridoids glucosides have also been reported. It is estimated that Brazil hosts most of Lippia species, but several taxonomical problems related to this species hamper the establishment of accurate data difficult. Oxidative stress has a central role in the development of degenerative processes associated to aging and several diseases, including cancer and inflammation. Consequently, antioxidant therapies are being proposed for their treatment or prevention. This work describes the fractionation procedures of L. salviaefolia leaves and stems extracts guided by simple antioxidant assays which led to 16 phenolic compounds, including 4 novel interconverting isomers (2S) and (2R)-3',4',5,6-tetrahydroxyflavanone-7-O-β-glucopyranoside (12a and 12b) and (2S) and (2R)-3',4',5,8-tetrahydroxyflavanone-7-O-β-glucopyranoside (13a and 13b), which were identified in mixture by extensive use of 1D and 2D NMR and MS techniques. Additionaly, other 8 compounds were isolated from the extract of roots of L. lupulina, which led to its selection for dereplication studies by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography-Photodiode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD). The bioactivity evaluation of extracts and isolated compounds from L. salviaefolia was initiated... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Understanding the binding specificity of transcription factors is an important step towards accurate computational prediction of regulatory sequences governing gene expression. Higher-throughput binding site characterization methods have long been available in the laboratory for the study of protein-DNA interactions in solution or upon a surface. In this thesis a new method is introduced for characterization of inducible regulatory sequences in living cells based on construction and analysis of promoter-reporter gene plasmids. Spiked oligonucleotides are used to generate libraries of regulatory sequences with subtle variations from a known regulatory element. Screening of the library in cell culture for the capacity of the mutated sequences to mediate expression provides a diverse collection of responsive and non-responsive sequences to aid in understanding the sequence requirement for an inducible transcription factor binding site. We apply the methodology to the study of antioxidant responsive elements, the target sites of the Nfe212 transcription factor. These target sequences commonly found in the promoters of detoxification genes modulate gene expression in response to a diverse array of chemicals. The variants serve as a primary screen for future targeted mutational analysis to further characterize context-specific sequence requirement in the ARE and/or interdependence between positions. Moreover, a transcription factor binding profile can be generated from functional ARE variants in the library screen. Such an ARE profile performs as well as standard profiles based on bona fide ARE sequences drawn from the scientific literature. / Medicine, Faculty of / Medical Genetics, Department of / Graduate

The dose- and time dependence of melatonin and the effective window of melatonin administration were determined in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. When mouse hearts were subjected to 60 min of occlusion of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) followed by 4 h of reperfusion, melatonin pretreatment for 30 min significantly reduced the infarct size/risk area. The most effective dose was found to be 150 μg/kg intraperitoneally, and the effective period of protection lasted up to 2 h after melatonin administration. Melatonin administration 45 min after LAD ligation or right before reperfusion was as effective as administration 30 min before ligation; however, melatonin administered after the release of occlusion was not protective. Melatonin's effect was still present in mice deficient for the Mel1a melatonin receptor. 8-Methoxy-2-propionamidotetralin, a melatonin receptor agonist with no antioxidant activity, offered no protection, suggesting a lack of involvement of melatonin receptors. Finally, the effects of melatonin were similar in rats and mice. Our results demonstrate that melatonin is an effective cardioprotective agent when administered either before or during coronary occlusion at a very low dose.

The theoretical part of the master's thesis contains knowledge about nutrition of goat, anatomy of the digestive tract, free radicals, selenium and ingredients of goat's milk based on available literature resources. The objective of the practical part was to experimentally determine the impact of the the addition of selenium to feeding ration for organic raised goats on qualitative and quantitative parameters of goat's milk and selenium content in goat's milk. The experiment was held on an organic farm in Prostejov area in June and July 2016, it lasted 30 days. Goat breeds raised on the farm were White Shorthaired and Anglo-Nubian. There were 12 goats studied in the experiment, divided into a treatment group (n = 6) and a control group (n = 6). Milk samples from each goat were collected at the beginning and end of the experiment The samples were analyzed in a laboratory for analysis of milk in Brno - Turany, selenium was analyzed at the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry MENDELU. The results were evaluated and compared. The results of the experiment shows that the addition of selenium had an impact on its concentration in goat's milk but it had no effect on milk components (fat, protein, lactose, urea, somatic cell count) and milk yield.

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