Five and half years in office, the former Japan Prime Minister, Junichiro Koizumi, has led Japan to progress toward a wholly new direction contrast to previous Japan. Domestically, financial, fiscal and administrative reforms were Koizumi regime¡¦s primary concerns and also the core stage of Koizumi¡¦s political performance, and those reforms did somewhat improve Japan¡¦s lasting stagnant economic condition at all. Concerning of the legacy of Koizumi¡¦s foreign policy, as been regarded as a fledgling in foreign affairs at the beginning, Koizumi at last shaped the current Japan to be confident as a major power in north east Asia and more capable of facing the north Korea¡¦s threats and China¡¦s various challenges. Moreover, Koizumi made his efforts and did upgrade the Japan-U.S. military alliance de facto. In region international affairs, Koizumi also contributed to push the economic and trading integration in east Aisa. On the global level, Koizumi¡¦s Japan egaged in not only finance but also manpower contribution to the international society and eagerly did a lot to look for a leading political role in world politics than ever. Undoubtedly, the U.S. 911 attacks occurred in 2001 is the crucial agenda regarding the outcomes of Koizumi¡¦s foreign policy and surely the turning point within the context of Koizumi¡¦s foreign policy. Therefore, this paper would like to investigate¡§what things have been done in the Japan¡¦s foreign policies as Koizumi in office¡H¡¨within the following four periods,¡§Foreign Policy Review Era,¡¨¡§U.S.-first Policy Era,¡¨¡§International Consultation Era,¡¨and¡§Post-Koizumi Era.¡¨After the overall context of Koizumi¡¦s foreign policies has been well realized, this paper will discuss the profound effects and impacts cuased by those outcomes of Koizumi¡¦s foreign policy toward the three aspects of Japan domestic politics, Asia region, and the international system.

Inadequate solid waste management is a principal cause of risk and vulnerability in informal settlements in Latin America. Failure of municipalities to provide proper waste disposal and maintenance of public spaces can lead to flooding, cause public health problems, increase crime, and produce a sense of abandonment. Accumulation of garbage is particularly hazardous for children, since they engage more intimately with their environment through play and other activities. Planners can draw on participatory activities to document children’s perspectives and activities, and in so doing, better integrate children and youth into the planning process. This paper presents the results of drawing exercises conducted with children in Los Platanitos, Dominican Republic, and discusses the implications of these methods for more participatory planning approaches in informal settlements. / text

This qualitative research study seeks to answer the question: Which instructional design approaches for blended learning encourage deep learning? This grounded theory research captures the lived experiences of instructional designers and faculty members in converting courses at the post-secondary level from traditional, face-to-face delivery to blended delivery using educational technology. Study results provide insight into the complexities involved in the design and development of blended delivery courses and shed light on the complications that can arise with course conversion. The study also opens a window into design approaches to foster deep learning, clarifying the importance of targeting high levels of learning in the course syllabus / outline, and then aligning every part of the course to the specific learning outcomes identified. Study results culminate in a set of recommended instructional design approaches that foster deep learning in a blended learning environment. / 2013-08

O design social é um tema que a literatura do design trata desde a década de 60, contudo até hoje existem lacunas teóricas e metodológicas que afetam a prática profissional e o ensino do design, reduzindo o seu impacto social. Neste trabalho o design social é entendido como uma área maior que engloba o projeto de produtos e serviços e, portanto, tem contribuição direta para o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida das pessoas, através da resolução de problemas sociais. O trabalho se sustenta em dois grandes grupos de dados: as abordagens de design social, reunidas a partir de levantamento bibliográfico; e os kits de ferramentas voltados ao tema, reunidos através de pesquisa documental. A partir de uma revisão de literatura sistemática e integradora destes grupos, o trabalho se propõe a reunir e organizar o conhecimento destas áreas a fim de gerar um quadro teórico que colabore para o incentivo à pesquisa e ao ensino do design, mais adequado à realidade de crises humanitárias, políticas e econômicas com a qual se convive em nível global. / Social design is a theme that the design literature talks from the 60s, but until today are theoretical and methodological gaps that affect professional practice and teaching of design, reducing their social impact. In this work the social design is understood as a larger area that includes the design of products and services and therefore has direct contribution to people’s well-being and quality of life, by solving social problems. The work is grounded on two groups of data: the social design approaches, gathered from bibliographic research; and the toolkits geared to the theme, gathered through documental research. From a systematic and integrating literature review of these groups, the study aims to gather and organize the knowledge of these areas in order to generate a theoretical framework to collaborate to encourage the research and education in this field, as well the professional practice, more suited to the reality of humanitarian, political and economic crises with which we live globally.

O design social é um tema que a literatura do design trata desde a década de 60, contudo até hoje existem lacunas teóricas e metodológicas que afetam a prática profissional e o ensino do design, reduzindo o seu impacto social. Neste trabalho o design social é entendido como uma área maior que engloba o projeto de produtos e serviços e, portanto, tem contribuição direta para o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida das pessoas, através da resolução de problemas sociais. O trabalho se sustenta em dois grandes grupos de dados: as abordagens de design social, reunidas a partir de levantamento bibliográfico; e os kits de ferramentas voltados ao tema, reunidos através de pesquisa documental. A partir de uma revisão de literatura sistemática e integradora destes grupos, o trabalho se propõe a reunir e organizar o conhecimento destas áreas a fim de gerar um quadro teórico que colabore para o incentivo à pesquisa e ao ensino do design, mais adequado à realidade de crises humanitárias, políticas e econômicas com a qual se convive em nível global. / Social design is a theme that the design literature talks from the 60s, but until today are theoretical and methodological gaps that affect professional practice and teaching of design, reducing their social impact. In this work the social design is understood as a larger area that includes the design of products and services and therefore has direct contribution to people’s well-being and quality of life, by solving social problems. The work is grounded on two groups of data: the social design approaches, gathered from bibliographic research; and the toolkits geared to the theme, gathered through documental research. From a systematic and integrating literature review of these groups, the study aims to gather and organize the knowledge of these areas in order to generate a theoretical framework to collaborate to encourage the research and education in this field, as well the professional practice, more suited to the reality of humanitarian, political and economic crises with which we live globally.

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