Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:48:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 460094.pdf: 4625968 bytes, checksum: 02c38a05a233d4e887464cd5db607090 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-01 / The main thought that guide this thesis is constituted by an historical archaeological approach of Battle of Jenipapo, notedly from the remaining material traces of this historic event. It occurred on March, the 13th 1823, in Campo Maior village, Piau?, in the context of the events which marked the process of Independence of Brazil. A singular aspect of this battle was the expressive participation of common people, which formed an improvised army under the leadership of local military authorities that convoked them urgently, without providing the necessary time to their correct training. The main objective of this independent army was preventing the marching of the troops led by the Portuguese major Jo?o Jos? da Cunha Fidi?, which had been sent from Portugal to Piau? with the incumbency of assuming the Arms Government of the Province in August 1822 and, this way, avoiding the dissemination of the independent movement and maintaining the provinces from the North allied to Portugal. The material traces, to which there is reference in this thesis, are specifically about bellicose objects, which were reported as derived from the Battle of Jenipapo. In addition to remaining exposed in the Museum of Jenipapo without proper identification and in a poor conservation status, there were no studies about these objects. In this analysis, besides the remaining objects, the memory spaces and places of the battle are also considered as material traces, such as the Battalion Cemetery, which is constituted as the space for excellence of this materiality and as the place of devotion to the souls of dead soldiers. For a better comprehension about the battle, it was sought the study of formation context of Campo Maior village since its settlement and colonization, when Indians were chased away from their lands, ceding space to hundreds of cattle farms installed in the plains. The Battalion Cemetery is constituted today as the main reference of Piau? Cultural Heritage, state which claims urgency in the effectiveness of public politics of patrimony conservation. / O pensamento principal que norteia esta tese constitui-se de uma abordagem hist?rica arqueol?gica da Batalha do Jenipapo, notadamente a partir dos vest?gios materiais remanescentes desse acontecimento hist?rico. A batalha ocorreu em 13 de mar?o de 1823, na vila de Campo Maior, no Piau?, no contexto dos acontecimentos que marcaram o processo de Independ?ncia do Brasil. Um aspecto singular dessa batalha foi a expressiva participa??o de populares, os quais formaram um ex?rcito improvisado sob a lideran?a das autoridades militares locais que os convocaram ?s pressas, sem prover tempo necess?rio para seu devido treinamento. O objetivo principal desse ex?rcito independente era impedir a marcha das tropas lideradas pelo Major portugu?s Jo?o Jos? da Cunha Fidi?, que havia sido enviado de Portugal para o Piau? com a incumb?ncia de assumir o Governo das Armas dessa Prov?ncia em agosto de 1822 e, dessa forma, evitar a dissemina??o do movimento independente e manter as prov?ncias do Norte aliadas a Portugal. Os vest?gios materiais, aos quais se faz refer?ncia nesta tese, tratam-se especificamente dos objetos b?licos, que sempre foram reportados como sendo da Batalha do Jenipapo. Al?m de permanecerem expostos no Museu do Jenipapo sem a devida identifica??o e em p?ssimo estado de conserva??o, n?o havia nenhum estudo sobre tais objetos. Nesta an?lise, al?m dos objetos remanescentes, os espa?os e os lugares de mem?ria da batalha s?o tamb?m considerados como vest?gios materiais, como o Cemit?rio do Batalh?o, que se constitui espa?o por excel?ncia dessa materialidade e lugar de devo??o ?s almas dos soldados mortos. Para uma melhor compreens?o sobre a batalha, buscou-se o estudo do contexto de forma??o da vila de Campo Maior desde o seu povoamento e coloniza??o, quando os ?ndios da redondeza foram afugentados de suas terras, cedendo espa?o para centenas de fazendas de gado instaladas nas campinas. O Cemit?rio do Batalh?o constitui-se hoje a principal refer?ncia do Patrim?nio Cultural do Piau?, estado que reclama urg?ncia na efetiva??o de pol?ticas p?blicas de conserva??o do seu patrim?nio.