The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of trumpet playing upon the heart. A Holter monitor was used to record electrocardiograms (ECGs) to examine the heart's response during musical performances and practice sessions.

The primary aim of the present study was to compare mothers' reactions to obstetrical interventions and procedures and obstetricians' perceptions of these. The sample population consisted of one hundred and forty seven white, married, English-speaking mothers and a group of fifty three obstetricians practising in trie Johannesburg area. Questionnaires, developed for both groups, were administered postally to obstetricians and in hospital within the first post-partum week to mothers. Perceptions of interventions occurring in the ante-natal period and during the three stages of labour were explored. Reactions to psycho-social and hospital procedures were also obtained. Median and modal ratings of these events were calculated for both samples. The data were analysed using the Median test to compare the groups and Fisher's exact probability test to determine significant differences. Using a significance level of one per cent, several significant findings emerged. Results suggested that, in general, obstetricians rated mothers' experiences more negatively than did the mothers themselves, These findings were discussed in the light of available research and literature in the area

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Arts, University of the Witwatersrand, infulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. NOVEMBER, 1987 / The present study is set within the broad area of adult development and functioning. It is primarily located within the developmental theory of Erik Brikson, who described development, not only frem the perspective of the growing child, hut with the understanding ox the continuity of development over the entire life cycle (1878). As this represents m area of relatively recent concern, there are many gaps in the literature. A cognitive map in the fom of a hypothetical construct ten&ad the- Transitional Space was described and developed in this woi-k, to facilitate tha undetstartiing of both, individual and cduyle development and functioning. This hypothetical construct was based on Winnicott's (1971) original notion of transitional phenomena, which he located as being between inner and outer reality. The Transitional space may be briefly described as that part of the inner world that is projected outwards, and both reflects the internal frame of reference through which the perception of the world is filtered, as well as those aspects of hidden inner reality that are perceived by others as being "me". The Transitional Space comprises three aspects, namely: boundary quality, content, and size. Boundary quality of the Transitional Space reflects the ability of the individual for intimate contact, and id described in terms of the parameters of flexibility and permeability. The content of the Transitional -pace is described as that aspect that is concerned with ego identity (Erikson 1968). Finally, the aspect of the size of the Transitional space isNa reflection of progression along the continuum of ego development as operationalizud by Loevinyer et al (1970):. ” " ' As it has been found that systems are most accessible to observation and study during periods of change, it was decided to locate the study at a point of developmental change or crisis. The period selected for investigation was the tisite around the birth of the first child, and thus the transition to parenthood. In response to evidence of a need in the literature, a model was derived to both describe and explain the changes over this period. The model of change was based on the findings of. Janis (1958), in terms of preparation for change, and regression in the face of stress, as well as the theory of "romantic solutions" to transitional periods (Becker, 1973) and the cyclicity of the romantic experience (Livingston, 1980). The model was integrated with tije sociological model of LaRossa and laRossa (1981), to form a more canprehensive description and explanation of the process of the ■ transition to parenthood. ; The first aim in the study was to describe and predict adult and couple functioning on the basis of the model of thi Transitional Space, with special reference to the changepoint of the transition to

This paper provides a brief historical outline of wrestling, some mention of the form's vast popularity in current American culture, and a discussion of the theoretical bases of myth and ritual which give wrestling its basic form and account for much of its durability of appeal. It relates wrestling to two of its closest cousins, theater and sports, and attempts to touch on a few of the most important connections and diversions. The paper also provides a brief overview of American cultural heritage which provides a more contemporary context for wrestling's current appeal, and discusses certain particulars of form, process, and production as they express wrestling's purpose, appeal, and uniqueness. The purpose of this paper is to investigate a subject from a broad cultural, artistic, and historical perspective, and determin the origins, appeals, and significances inherent in the form. / Typescript. / "August, 1982." / "Submitted to the Department of English in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts." / Advisor: Douglas R. Fowler, Professor Directing Thesis. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-69).

Nineteenth century settlers in Florida's Indian River Lagoon (IRL) region created an isolated fringe culture wholly dependent on the instable hydrological forces of the shallow lagoon system. These settlers were among the first to construct a built environment market by the dredging and filling that would define much of the twentieth century Sunshine State. There has been no period when the liminal IRL ecosystem was not without shifting barrier islands and dramatically varying salinity levels due primarily to the oceanic interchange following the opening and closing of natural inlets. This paper suggests that attempts to "restore" the lagoon will necessarily declare an arbitrary historical form to be normative for the system. The first and last chapters provide an overview of the system's origins and recent history, while the core of the paper focuses on human-environment interaction of the lagoon in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. / by Nathaniel Osborn. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2012. / Includes bibliography. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / System requirements: Adobe Reader.

據稿本複印 / 論文(碩士)--香港中文大學傳播學系,1992. / 附參考文獻 / 黃慕嫻. / Chapter I、 --- 緒論 --- p.1 / Chapter II、 --- 發展理論的回顧 --- p.4 / Chapter 一、 --- 發展的概念 --- p.4 / Chapter 二、 --- 發展與現代化 --- p.7 / Chapter 三、 --- 依賴理論與發展 --- p.10 / Chapter III、 --- 發展概念的再思 一一從亞洲四小龍的發展模式想起 --- p.21 / Chapter IV、 --- 「發展新聞」與國家發展 --- p.28 / Chapter V、 --- 極權主義和社會責任的報業模式 --- p.37 / Chapter 一、 --- 極權主義論 --- p.38 / Chapter 二、 --- 社會責任論 --- p.38 / Chapter VI、 --- 本硏究之假設 --- p.44 / Chapter VII、 --- 台灣的發展 --- p.46 / Chapter 一、 --- 台灣的國家發展 --- p.46 / Chapter 二、 --- 台灣的報業發展 --- p.57 / Chapter VI、 --- 硏究方法 --- p.66 / Chapter 一、 --- 發展新聞的界定 --- p.66 / Chapter 二、 --- 選樣方法 --- p.68 / Chapter 三、 --- 量度方法 --- p.71 / Chapter IX、 --- 結果分折 --- p.73 / Chapter X、 --- 總結 --- p.93 / Chapter 一、 --- 結論 --- p.93 / Chapter 二、 --- 對發展新聞與社會責任報業 模式的一點意見 --- p.95 / Chapter 三、 --- 本硏究的限制 --- p.97 / Chapter 附錄（一）： --- 「發展新聞學與國家發展一一 台灣個案硏究」準測試報告 --- p.99 / Chapter 附錄（二）： --- 台灣國民生產毛額曲線圖（1951-1976) --- p.110 / 台灣國民生產毛額曲線圖（1981-1990) / 台灣國民所得曲線圖（1951-1976) / 台灣國民所得曲線圖（1981-1990) / 台灣經濟指標一覽表（1955-1979) / 台灣歷次經濟計劃概要一覽表（1955-1989) / 台灣社團與成員數（1950-1982) / 台灣地區歷年選舉競爭程度表（1954-1977) / 聯合報及自立晚報發展新聞總數量的變化(1956-1989) / 聯合報及自立晚報發展新聞內容分佈百分比圖表（1956-1989) / 聯合報及自立晚報發展新聞正負面報導的百分比圖表(1956-1989) / 聯合報及自立晚報發展新聞「讃揚」及「批 評」政府新聞百分比圖表（1956-1989) / 聯合報及自立晚報發展新聞「政府」及「其 他人士」作消息來源的報導百分比圖表 (1956-1989) / 聯合報及自立晚報發展新聞「軍方消息來源 」及「多方消息來源」的報導百分比圖 表（1956-1989) / 參考書目 / Reference

稿本 / 論文(碩士)--香港中文大學硏究院新聞傳播學部,1992. / 參考文獻: leaves 83-85 / 朱儉國. / 目錄 / 圆表目錄 / Chapter 第一章 --- 電信與經濟發展 ---趨向於理論的形成 --- p.1-19 / Chapter 1.1 --- 前言 --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- 電信與經濟發展之理論來源 --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- 電信與經濟發展研究的基本內容 --- p.10 / Chapter 1.4 --- 電信與經濟發展關係中的基本假設 --- p.14 / 註釋 --- p.16 / Chapter 第二章 --- 有關電信與宏觀經濟效益之文獻 --- p.20-33 / Chapter 2.1 --- 西方學者對這一課題的研究 --- p.20 / Chapter 2.2 --- 中國學者對電信業之宏觀經濟效益的研究 --- p.30 / 註釋 --- p.32 / Chapter 第三章 --- 電信與經濟發展關係研究 ----上海個案 --- p.34-62 / Chapter 3.1 --- 研究的對象和假設 --- p.34 / Chapter 3.2 --- 上海電信事業發展史略 --- p.37 / Chapter 3.3 --- 資料的收集和整理 --- p.43 / Chapter 3.4 --- 研究方法 --- p.50 / Chapter 3.5 --- 運算結果 --- p.54 / 註釋 --- p.60 / Chapter 第四章 --- 探討和總結 --- p.63-82 / Chapter 4.1 --- 探討 --- p.63 / Chapter 4.2 --- 總結 --- p.76 / 註釋 --- p.81 / 參考書目 --- p.83-85

Chan Florence. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [93-97]). / Chapter SECTION I. --- AN OVERVIEW / Chapter CHAPTER 1. --- THE ENVIRONMENT & BACKGROUND OF ADVERTISING / Chapter 1.1. --- Overview --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2. --- Viewpoints on Advertising --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3. --- The Marketing-Advertising Connection --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3.1. --- A Historical Review on Changing Concept of Marketing / Chapter 1.3.2. --- What is Marketing ？ / Chapter 1.3.3. --- What is Promotion ？ / Chapter 1.3.4. --- Advertising in the Promotion Mix / Chapter 1.4. --- Advertising Planning --- p.8 / Chapter 1.5. --- The Communication / Persuasion Process --- p.9 / Chapter 1.6. --- Summary --- p.9 / Chapter SECTION II. --- COMMON DEFENSES OF ADVERTISING / Chapter CHAPTER 2. --- "CAN ADVERTISING BE SELF-REGULATED BY THE ""INVISIBLE HAND"" ？" / Chapter 2.1. --- A General Interpretation of Smith's Invisible Hand --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2. --- A More Complete Picture of Smith's Theories --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2.1. --- Prudence / Chapter 2.2.2. --- Benevolence / Chapter 2.2.3. --- Self-Command / Chapter 2.3. --- Stoicism --- p.18 / Chapter 2.4. --- A Closer Look at Smith's Invisible Hand --- p.20 / Chapter 2.5. --- Can Advertising be Justified by Smith's Invisible Hand or Free Market Mechanism ？ --- p.22 / Chapter CHAPTER 3. --- CAM ADVERTISING PROVIDE INFORMATIONAL UTILITY ？ / Chapter 3.1. --- Advertising Provides Important Information for Consumers --- p.26 / Chapter 3.2. --- A More Complete Picture of Advertising's Reality --- p.27 / Chapter 3.2.1. --- Ambiguity / Chapter 3.2.2. --- Concealed Facts / Chapter 3.2.3. --- Exaggeration & Puffery / Chapter 3.2.4. --- Psychological Appeals / Chapter 3.2.5. --- Conclusion / Chapter 3.3. --- A Historical Explanation of Why Advertising Cannot be Pure Informative --- p.37 / Chapter 3.3.1. --- The Early Stage / Chapter 3.3.2. --- A Breakthrough / Chapter 3.3.3. --- The Mature Stage / Chapter 3.4. --- Can We Conclude that Persuasive Advertising is Deceptive? --- p.40 / Chapter 3.4.1. --- Gardner's Definition of Deception / Chapter 3.4.2. --- A Reasonable Man Standard of Deception / Chapter 3.5. --- More on Rational/Irrational Persuasion & Deceptive/ Non-Deceptive Advertising --- p.43 / Chapter 3.5.1. --- The Two Dimensions / Chapter 3.5.2. --- Various Combinations / Chapter CHAPTER 4. --- IS ADVERTISING A NECESSITY FOR INDIVIDUAL FIRMS / Chapter 4.1. --- Discussions --- p.47 / Chapter 4.2. --- Conclusion --- p.49 / Chapter SECTION III. --- ADVERTISING & SOCIETY / Chapter CHAPTER 5. --- THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF ADVERTISING / Chapter 5.1. --- Providing Informational Utility --- p.51 / Chapter 5.2. --- Employment --- p.52 / Chapter 5.3. --- Distribution Costs --- p.52 / Chapter 5.4. --- Advertising & Brand Names --- p.53 / Chapter 5.5. --- Media Support --- p.54 / Chapter 5.6. --- Effect on the Business Cycle --- p.54 / Chapter 5.7. --- Stimulating Product Utility --- p.55 / Chapter 5.8. --- Developing New Products --- p.56 / Chapter 5.9. --- Contribution to the Overall Welfare of the Economy --- p.57 / Chapter 5.9.1. --- A Common Misunderstanding / Chapter 5.9.2. --- "Advertising can be Counterproductive, Unproductive or Productive" / Chapter 5.10. --- Conclusion --- p.60 / Chapter CHAPTER 6. --- CULTURAL & SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE ON ADVERTISING / Chapter 6.1. --- Reviewing Advertising from the Social Context --- p.62 / Chapter 6.2. --- """Explicit"" Content vs. ""Implicit"" Content" --- p.63 / Chapter 6.3. --- Social Conditions Affecting Individual Autonomy --- p.64 / Chapter 6.3.1. --- A Brief Review on Individual Autonomy / Chapter 6.3.2. --- A Background of Social Influences on Individual Autonomy / Chapter 6.4. --- The Power of Marketing & Advertising : Technique- & Result- Oriented --- p.70 / Chapter 6.4.1. --- Techniques of Marketing / Chapter 6.4.2. --- Technique-Orientation on Advertising / Chapter 6.4.3. --- A Culture of Commercialization & Consumption / Chapter 6.5. --- The Real Evils of Advertising --- p.77 / Chapter 6.5.1. --- """Suppressing "" Autonomy" / Chapter 6.5.2. --- Effects on Future Generations / Chapter 6.5.3. --- Changing Values / Chapter 6.5.4. --- Consumerism / Chapter 6.5.5. --- Neglecting Public Goods & Services / Chapter 6.7. --- Conclusion --- p.90 / CONCLUSION --- p.91 / REFERENCES

Cheung Yue-Lok. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-79). / Abstracts in English and Chinese ; questionnaire also in Chinese.

從一個新的角度調查寬恕的概念，流程和預測因素，本研究對於認知和情感方面的寬恕進行了檢測。為建立一個寬恕的二維模型 - 認知和情感寬恕，本研究採取定量研究方法。具體而言，本研究增加了一個新的角度 - 從個人主義和集體主義的世界觀，來調查寬恕的定義（研究一）。寬恕是一種複雜的認知和情感的過程，但很少有人探討具體的底層機制 - 在組群之間的認知和情感過程。因此，本研究的目的是了解跨文化寬恕的認知和情感機制（研究二）。現有文獻中已經確認一般寬恕的預測因素，但目前還不清楚這些預測因素與不同認知和情感方面的寬恕是否不同。因此，本研究擴展以往的文獻研究（研究三），用實驗的方法去測試認知和情感寬恕的預測因素。 / To investigate the conceptualizations, processes and predictors of forgiveness from a new perspective, both cognitive and emotional aspects of forgiveness were examined. A quantitative research method was employed in an attempt to establish a two-dimensional model of forgiveness - cognitive and emotional aspects of forgiveness. Specifically, the present study added a new perspective to forgiveness by investigating definitions of forgiveness from both individualistic and collectivistic worldviews (Study 1). Forgiveness is a complex cognitive and emotional process, but the specific underlying mechanisms cognitive and emotional processes in an intergroup context have rarely been explored. Hence, the present study sought to understand the cognitive and emotional mechanisms underlying intergroup forgiveness across cultures (Study 2). Predictors of intergroup forgiveness have been identified in existing literature, however it remains unclear if these predictors are associated with the cognitive and emotional aspects of forgiveness differently. Therefore, the present study extended previous literature by examining predictors of cognitive and emotional forgiveness in an experimental setting (Study 3). / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Ho, Man Yee. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-76). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Chapter CHAPTER ONE: --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Purposes of the Research --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO: --- DEFINITIONS OF FORGIVENESS --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1 --- The Conceptualizations of Forgiveness in the East and the West --- p.4 / Chapter 2.2 --- Cultural Similarities and Differences between English and Chinese Idioms --- p.6 / Chapter 2.3 --- Similarities in Basic Ideas of Forgiveness --- p.11 / Chapter 2.4 --- Differences in Cognitive and Emotional Aspects of Forgiveness --- p.12 / Chapter 2.5. --- Cultural Similarities on Forgiveness --- p.14 / Chapter 2.6 --- Cultural Differences on Forgiveness --- p.15 / Chapter 2.7 --- A Two-Dimensional Model of Forgiveness --- p.15 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE: --- UNDERLYING MECHANISMS OF INTERGROUP FORGIVENESS (HONG KONG) --- p.17 / Chapter 3.1 --- The Significance of Intergroup Forgiveness --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2 --- Defining Intergroup Forgiveness --- p.18 / Chapter 3.3 --- Social Identification --- p.18 / Chapter 3.4 --- Responsibility Attribution --- p.19 / Chapter 3.5 --- Empathy --- p.20 / Chapter 3.6 --- Intergroup Forgiveness --- p.26 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR: --- UNDERLYING MECHANISMS OF INTERGROUP FORGIVENESS (U.S.) --- p.29 / Chapter 4.1 --- Identifying with the Republican Party --- p.34 / Chapter 4.2 --- Identifying with the Democratic Party --- p.35 / Chapter 4.3 --- Advancing an Understanding of Mechanisms of Intergroup Forgiveness --- p.41 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE: --- PREDICTORS OF DECISIONAL AND EMOTIONAL FORGIVENESS --- p.43 / Chapter 5.1 --- Predictors of Different Components of Forgiveness --- p.43 / Chapter 5.2 --- Perspective Taking and Transformation of Cognitions --- p.43 / Chapter 5.3 --- Olfaction and Transformation of Emotions --- p.45 / Chapter 5.4 --- Manipulation Check --- p.53 / Chapter 5.5 --- Interaction Effect of the Two Experimental Conditions --- p.58 / Chapter 5.6 --- Implications for Intervention in Forgiveness --- p.60 / Chapter CHAPTER SIX: --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.61 / Chapter 6.1 --- Filling the Research Gaps --- p.61 / Chapter 6.2 --- Implications of these Studies --- p.63 / Chapter 6.3 --- Limitations and Future Directions --- p.65 / Appendix --- p.77