The results of the investigation of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton growth, vegetation rhythmic dependence upon meteorological factors is given here. Experiments were carried out in 2001 – 2005 during vegetation period at Kaunas Botanical Garden of Vytautas Magnus University. Object of investigations - Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton a medicinal, herbal immunomodulator, annual herbaceous deadnettle family (Lamiaceae Lindl.) plant originated from Asia passes all development cycle in middle Lithuanian climatic conditions. P. Frutescens vegetation length on the average is 167 days. Earliest initiation of vegetation and optimal climatic conditions for growth are when HTC=1,60-1,80, that is excess heavy humidity. Optimal climatic conditions for massive flowering and seed ripeness are when HTC=1,20, then massive flowering starts 10 days earlier and Lasts for 25 days. Strong correlation interdependence was established between massive flowering and HTC (R2=0,9406). After the investigation of P.frutescens terraneous parts (high, relative plain area) consistent patterns of vegetation rhythmic, the optimal harvest time, which determines raw material’s quality and quantity, was established, by using mathematical – statistical methods.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-11-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:00:45Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_acf_dr_prud.pdf: 5065860 bytes, checksum: cf34424bad6a80c07230f80a12e3567a (MD5) / Na sociedade atual, discussões relacionadas à água potável tem ocupado um espaço importante, principalmente no meio científico, onde, através de pesquisas voltadas à disponibilidade e qualidade das águas é possível preparar diagnósticos e apontar soluções para planejadores e tomadores de decisões. Nesse contexto, o objetivo geral do trabalho foi desenvolver um método para inferência de variáveis limnológicas que indicam a qualidade da água e estejam associadas à sua característica espectral, em um reservatório de uso múltiplo e avaliar sua correlação com dados espectrais tomados “in situ” e extraídos de imagens orbitais de satélites de alta resolução espacial. Para tanto, uma imagem multiespectral do satélite Ikonos II foi adquirida, quase simultaneamente a coleta de dados limnológicos e espectrais “in situ”, em pontos amostrados adequadamente no corpo d’água, e posicionados com GPS. Devido à heterogeneidade das condições do tempo no levantamento de campo, uma nova abordagem amostral foi necessária, que se deu pela divisão da amostra em quatro conjuntos, quais foram: conjunto 1 (céu aberto e vento fraco), conjunto 2 (céu aberto e vento de médio a forte), conjunto 3 (céu nublado e vento fraco) e conjunto 4 (céu nublado e vento de médio a forte)... / In current society, drinkable water has been the subject of innumerable debates, mainly in scientific groups, in which, through researches focused on the availability and water quality, it is possible to prepare diagnoses and point out solutions to planners and decision makers. In this context, the general aim of the research was to develop a method for the inference of physical limnological variables that indicate the quality of the water and that are associated to its spectral characteristic, in a multiple use reservoir and evaluate its correlation to spectral data collected in situ and extracted from orbital images of high definition space sattelites. In order to achieve that, a multispectral image of the satellite Ikonos II was acquired, almost simultaneously to the gathering of limnological and spectral data “in situ”, in points sampled adequately in the water surveyed, and positioned by means of GPS. Due to the heterogeneous weather conditions when taking the ground samples, a new sampling approach was necessary, and it occurred with the division of the sample in four settings, which were: setting 1 (clear sky and mildly windy), setting 2 (clear sky and windy), setting 3 (overcast sky and mildly windy) and setting 4 (overcast sky and windy)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Resumo: Na sociedade atual, discussões relacionadas à água potável tem ocupado um espaço importante, principalmente no meio científico, onde, através de pesquisas voltadas à disponibilidade e qualidade das águas é possível preparar diagnósticos e apontar soluções para planejadores e tomadores de decisões. Nesse contexto, o objetivo geral do trabalho foi desenvolver um método para inferência de variáveis limnológicas que indicam a qualidade da água e estejam associadas à sua característica espectral, em um reservatório de uso múltiplo e avaliar sua correlação com dados espectrais tomados "in situ" e extraídos de imagens orbitais de satélites de alta resolução espacial. Para tanto, uma imagem multiespectral do satélite Ikonos II foi adquirida, quase simultaneamente a coleta de dados limnológicos e espectrais "in situ", em pontos amostrados adequadamente no corpo d'água, e posicionados com GPS. Devido à heterogeneidade das condições do tempo no levantamento de campo, uma nova abordagem amostral foi necessária, que se deu pela divisão da amostra em quatro conjuntos, quais foram: conjunto 1 (céu aberto e vento fraco), conjunto 2 (céu aberto e vento de médio a forte), conjunto 3 (céu nublado e vento fraco) e conjunto 4 (céu nublado e vento de médio a forte)... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: In current society, drinkable water has been the subject of innumerable debates, mainly in scientific groups, in which, through researches focused on the availability and water quality, it is possible to prepare diagnoses and point out solutions to planners and decision makers. In this context, the general aim of the research was to develop a method for the inference of physical limnological variables that indicate the quality of the water and that are associated to its spectral characteristic, in a multiple use reservoir and evaluate its correlation to spectral data collected "in situ" and extracted from orbital images of high definition space sattelites. In order to achieve that, a multispectral image of the satellite Ikonos II was acquired, almost simultaneously to the gathering of limnological and spectral data "in situ", in points sampled adequately in the water surveyed, and positioned by means of GPS. Due to the heterogeneous weather conditions when taking the ground samples, a new sampling approach was necessary, and it occurred with the division of the sample in four settings, which were: setting 1 (clear sky and mildly windy), setting 2 (clear sky and windy), setting 3 (overcast sky and mildly windy) and setting 4 (overcast sky and windy)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Maria de Lourdes Bueno Trindade Galo / Coorientador: Edivaldo Domingues Velin / Banca: Cláudio Clemente Faria Barbosa / Banca: Waterloo Pereira Filho / Banca: Renata Ribeiro de Araújo / Banca: Vilma Mayumi Tachibana / Doutor

Submitted by Liliane Ferreira (ljuvencia30@gmail.com) on 2018-09-21T11:57:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Disssertação - Ana Karoline Ferreira dos Santos - 2018.pdf: 13536231 bytes, checksum: 731b9fe534131c66acaf4ffedc58a615 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-09-24T11:08:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Disssertação - Ana Karoline Ferreira dos Santos - 2018.pdf: 13536231 bytes, checksum: 731b9fe534131c66acaf4ffedc58a615 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-24T11:08:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Disssertação - Ana Karoline Ferreira dos Santos - 2018.pdf: 13536231 bytes, checksum: 731b9fe534131c66acaf4ffedc58a615 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The solar energy that arrives at the Earth surface is an essential phenomenon for the life maintenance and the knowledge of its dynamics contributes to the understanding of complex processes, like the water spectral behavior. Among the main properties that interact with electromagnetic radiation are chlorophyll "a" and suspended solids. In this sense, this study aims to analyze the influence of the Active Optical Components on the water spectral behavior of reservoirs of the Barra dos Coqueiros hydroelectric power plant (GO) at 40 data collection sites. To obtain the data, four field campaigns were carried out on February 10, 2016 and January 28, 2017 (higher precipitation) and 04 / August 4, 2016 and July 7, 2017 (lower precipitation). The spectral data were obtained using a portable spectroradiometer, FieldSpec® Hand Held model in spectral bands of 400 nm to 900 nm. The analysis of chlorophyll "a" followed the proposal of Mackinney (1941), suspended solid data followed Wetzel and Likens (1991; 2000) and APHA (1998; 2005) and the water transparency was according to Esteves (1998) and Peixoto et al. (2015). The analysis of the main information of the water bi-directional reflectance spectra occurred with the application of techniques: continuous removal, 1st and 2nd derivative, cluster analysis, surface reflectance extraction from the Landsat 8-OLI satellite image. Based on the results, there were several factors of performance in the spectral behavior of waters in Barra dos Coqueiros HPP reservoir, such as the climatic seasonality (rainy and dry periods) and the types of land use and occupation, due to the different agricultural production. These aspects favor higher values of suspended solids and chlorophyll a and lower water transparency in fields work of February/2016 and January 2017, resulting in higher reflectance in green (500 nm to 600 nm ) and red (600 nm at 700 nm) spectral ranges. In the field studies conducted in August/2016 and July/2017, reflectance influenced by suspended solids and chlorophyll a was low and the water transparency showed higher depth due to the higher levels of absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the water in the spectral bands of blue (400 nm to 500 nm) and infrared (700 nm to 900 nm). Thus, the geotechnologies applied in this study evidenced several possibilities for interpretation of water spectral information. / A energia solar que chega à superfície da Terra representa um fenômeno essencial para a manutenção da vida e o conhecimento de sua dinâmica contribui para a compreensão de processos complexos, como o comportamento espectral da água. Dentre as principais propriedades que interagem com radiação eletromagnética encontram-se a clorofila-a os sólidos em suspensão. Nessa perspectiva, o presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar em 40 pontos de coleta de dados, a influência dos Componentes Opticamentes Ativos no comportamento espectral das águas, do reservatório da Usina hidrelétrica Barra dos Coqueiros (GO). Para obtenção dos dados, foram realizadas quatro campanhas de campo, as quais ocorreram em 10/fevereiro/2016 e 28/janeiro/2017 (maiores precipitações) e 04/agosto/2016 e 07/julho/2017 (menores precipitação). Os dados espectrais, foram obtidos por meio de espectrorradiômetro portátil, modelo FieldSpec® Hand Held. A análise de clorofila-aseguiu a proposta de Mackinney (1941), os dados de sólidos em suspensão a metodologia de Wetzel e Likens (1991; 2000) e APHA (1998; 2005) e a transparência da água realizada conforme Esteves (1998) e Peixoto et al. (2015). O diagnóstico das principais informações dos espectros de reflectância da água ocorreu com aplicação de técnicas: remoção do contínuo, derivada, análise cluster, extração da reflectância de superfície da imagem do satélite Landsat 8-OLI. Com base nos resultados, verificou-se diversos fatores de atuação no comportamento espectral das águas do reservatório da UHE Barra dos Coqueiros (GO), como a sazonalidade climática (período chuvoso e seco) e as formas do uso e ocupação da terra, distintas pelas produções agrícolas, aspectos esses, que favorecem nos campos de fevereiro/2016 e janeiro/2017, valores mais elevados de sólidos em suspensão e clorofila-a menores transparência da água, resultando em maiores reflectância nas faixas espectrais do verde (500 nm a 600 nm) e vermelho (600 nm a 700 nm). Nos campos realizados em agosto/2016 e julho/2017, os níveis da reflectância influenciados por sólidos em suspensão e clorofila-asão baixas e as transparências da água apresentou maiores profundidade, devido a maior absorção da radiação eletromagnética na água nas bandas espectrais do azul (400 nm a 500 nm) e infravermelho (700 nm a 900 nm). Desse modo, as geotecnologias aplicadas neste estudo, evidenciaram diversas possiblidades para interpretação da informação espectral da água.

Submitted by Franciele Moreira (francielemoreyra@gmail.com) on 2018-09-24T14:05:33Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ana Karoline Ferreirados Santos - 2018.pdf: 13498793 bytes, checksum: 7d65eb53a37966540fdeaf20e235927d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-09-24T15:15:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ana Karoline Ferreirados Santos - 2018.pdf: 13498793 bytes, checksum: 7d65eb53a37966540fdeaf20e235927d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-24T15:15:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ana Karoline Ferreirados Santos - 2018.pdf: 13498793 bytes, checksum: 7d65eb53a37966540fdeaf20e235927d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The solar energy that arrives at the Earth surface is an essential phenomenon for the life maintenance and the knowledge of its dynamics contributes to the understanding of complex processes, like the water spectral behavior. Among the main properties that interact with electromagnetic radiation are chlorophyll "a" and suspended solids. In this sense, this study aims to analyze the influence of the Active Optical Components on the water spectral behavior of reservoirs of the Barra dos Coqueiros hydroelectric power plant (GO) at 40 data collection sites. To obtain the data, four field campaigns were carried out on February 10, 2016 and January 28, 2017 (higher precipitation) and 04 / August 4, 2016 and July 7, 2017 (lower precipitation). The spectral data were obtained using a portable spectroradiometer, FieldSpec® Hand Held model in spectral bands of 400 nm to 900 nm. The analysis of chlorophyll "a" followed the proposal of Mackinney (1941), suspended solid data followed Wetzel and Likens (1991; 2000) and APHA (1998; 2005) and the water transparency was according to Esteves (1998) and Peixoto et al. (2015). The analysis of the main information of the water bi-directional reflectance spectra occurred with the application of techniques: continuous removal, 1st and 2nd derivative, cluster analysis, surface reflectance extraction from the Landsat 8-OLI satellite image. Based on the results, there were several factors of performance in the spectral behavior of waters in Barra dos Coqueiros HPP reservoir, such as the climatic seasonality (rainy and dry periods) and the types of land use and occupation, due to the different agricultural production. These aspects favor higher values of suspended solids and chlorophyll a and lower water transparency in fields work of February/2016 and January 2017, resulting in higher reflectance in green (500 nm to 600 nm ) and red (600 nm at 700 nm) spectral ranges. In the field studies conducted in August/2016 and July/2017, reflectance influenced by suspended solids and chlorophyll a was low and the water transparency showed higher depth due to the higher levels of absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the water in the spectral bands of blue (400 nm to 500 nm) and infrared (700 nm to 900 nm). Thus, the geotechnologies applied in this study evidenced several possibilities for interpretation of water spectral information. / A energia solar que chega à superfície da Terra representa um fenômeno essencial para a manutenção da vida e o conhecimento de sua dinâmica contribui para a compreensão de processos complexos, como o comportamento espectral da água. Dentre as principais propriedades que interagem com radiação eletromagnética encontram-se a clorofila-a os sólidos em suspensão. Nessa perspectiva, o presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar em 40 pontos de coleta de dados, a influência dos Componentes Opticamentes Ativos no comportamento espectral das águas, do reservatório da Usina hidrelétrica Barra dos Coqueiros (GO). Para obtenção dos dados, foram realizadas quatro campanhas de campo, as quais ocorreram em 10/fevereiro/2016 e 28/janeiro/2017 (maiores precipitações) e 04/agosto/2016 e 07/julho/2017 (menores precipitação). Os dados espectrais, foram obtidos por meio de espectrorradiômetro portátil, modelo FieldSpec® Hand Held. A análise de clorofila-aseguiu a proposta de Mackinney (1941), os dados de sólidos em suspensão a metodologia de Wetzel e Likens (1991; 2000) e APHA (1998; 2005) e a transparência da água realizada conforme Esteves (1998) e Peixoto et al. (2015). O diagnóstico das principais informações dos espectros de reflectância da água ocorreu com aplicação de técnicas: remoção do contínuo, derivada, análise cluster, extração da reflectância de superfície da imagem do satélite Landsat 8-OLI. Com base nos resultados, verificou-se diversos fatores de atuação no comportamento espectral das águas do reservatório da UHE Barra dos Coqueiros (GO), como a sazonalidade climática (período chuvoso e seco) e as formas do uso e ocupação da terra, distintas pelas produções agrícolas, aspectos esses, que favorecem nos campos de fevereiro/2016 e janeiro/2017, valores mais elevados de sólidos em suspensão e clorofila-a menores transparência da água, resultando em maiores reflectância nas faixas espectrais do verde (500 nm a 600 nm) e vermelho (600 nm a 700 nm). Nos campos realizados em agosto/2016 e julho/2017, os níveis da reflectância influenciados por sólidos em suspensão e clorofila-asão baixas e as transparências da água apresentou maiores profundidade, devido a maior absorção da radiação eletromagnética na água nas bandas espectrais do azul (400 nm a 500 nm) e infravermelho (700 nm a 900 nm). Desse modo, as geotecnologias aplicadas neste estudo, evidenciaram diversas possiblidades para interpretação da informação espectral da água.

<p>Ispitana je direktna i indirektna fotoliza alprazolama (ALP) i amitriptilina (AMI)<br />primenom UV, vidljivog&nbsp; i simuliranog sunčevog zračenja (SSZ). Takođe, praćena je stabilnost vodenih rastvora ALP i AMI u mraku.&nbsp; U okviru ispitivanja fotokatalitičke&nbsp; razgradnje ALP,ispitana je efikasnost ZnO i TiO_2&nbsp;Degussa P25 primenom UV i SSZ.&nbsp; Takođe, proučavan je&nbsp; utica jmasene koncentracije fotokatalizatora, pH, kao i<br />uticaj hvatača radikala/&scaron;upljina&nbsp; i elektron-akceptora.&nbsp; Praćen je stepen mineralizacije<br />merenjem ukupnog organskog ugljenika i primenom&nbsp; jonske hromatografije. Takođe,<br />detaljno su ispitani reakcioni intermedijeri.&nbsp; Dalje,ispitano&nbsp; je ponovno kori&scaron;ćenje ZnO u tri uzastopna procesa razgradnje ALP. U cilju praćenja citotoksičnosti ALP, ispitan je&nbsp; in vitro rast dve ćelijske linije: Neuro-2a i MRC-5. Zatim,proučavana je efikasnost sintetisanih ZnO (ZnO modifikovani mlevenjem i kalcinacijom, ZnO dopirani jonima Mg(II), ternarni i&nbsp; me&scaron;ani&nbsp; cink-kalaj-oksidi) i TiO₂&nbsp; (anatas&nbsp; TiO₂&nbsp; nedopirani&nbsp; i dopirani La(III)-jonima, brukitni TiO2) nanoprahova u razgradnji ALP primenom UV i SSZ. U okviru fotokatalitičke razgradnje AMI, ispitana&nbsp; je&nbsp; efikasnost&nbsp; razgradnje&nbsp; pri različitim eksperimentalnim uslovima&nbsp; (uticaj vrste fotokatalizatora i zračenja, masene&nbsp; koncentracije fotokatalizatora, početne koncentracije supstrata, uticaj prisustva&nbsp; kako&nbsp; hvatača radikala i &scaron;upljina, tako&nbsp; i elektron-akceptora). Praćen je stepen mineralizacije merenjem ukupnog organskog ugljenika i&nbsp; primenom&nbsp; jonske hromatografije.&nbsp; U cilju praćenja citotoksičnosti&nbsp; AMI, ispitan je&nbsp; in vitro&nbsp; rast četiri ćelijske linije: Neuro-2a, MRC-5, H-4-II-E i HT-29.&nbsp; Zatim, proučavana je efikasnost sintetisanih TiO₂/polianilin nanokompozitnih prahova, kao i&nbsp; prevlaka&nbsp; čistog TiO_2&nbsp;i WO₃/TiO₂&nbsp; u razgradnji AMI primenom UV i SSZ. Takođe, ispitan je uticaj&nbsp; strukture&nbsp; supstrata&nbsp; na efikasnost&nbsp; fotokatalitičke razgradnje kroz ispitivanje&nbsp; efikasnosti sintetisanih TiO₂&nbsp; nanoprahova dopiranih jonima W(VI), zatim me&scaron;anih&nbsp; cink-kalaj-oksid&nbsp; nanoprahova, kao i&nbsp; indijum-cink-oksid nanoprahova primenom UV i SSZ.</p> / <p>Direct and indirect photolysis of alprazolam (ALP) and amitriptyline (AMI) were studied using UV, visible,&nbsp; and simulated solar irradiation (SSI). Also, the stability of the ALP and AMI aqueous solutions in the dark were monitored. Photocatalytic degradation of ALP was studied in&nbsp; the&nbsp; presence of&nbsp; ZnO and TiO₂ Degussa&nbsp; P25&nbsp; using UV and SSI. Also, the influence of the photocatalyst&nbsp; loading, pH, as well as the influence of the radical&nbsp; and&nbsp; holes scavengers&nbsp; and electron acceptors&nbsp; were studied. The&nbsp; degree of mineralization was monitored by measuring&nbsp; of&nbsp; total organic carbon and&nbsp; using&nbsp; ion chromatography. Also, reaction intermediates were examined in detail. Further, reusabillity&nbsp; of ZnO was investigated in three consecutive degradation processes of ALP. In order to&nbsp; get insight into the&nbsp; cytotoxicity of the ALP&nbsp; and intermediates formed during photocatalytic degradation, their influence on the growth of two cell lines: Neuro-2a and MRC-5 were investigated. Then, the efficacy of synthesized ZnO (ZnO modified with milling&nbsp; and calcination, ZnO doped with Mg(II) ions, ternary and coupled binary&nbsp; tin-zinc-oxide) and TiO₂&nbsp; (anatase&nbsp; TiO₂&nbsp; undoped and&nbsp; doped&nbsp; with&nbsp; La(III) ions&nbsp; and&nbsp; brookite TiO₂) nanopowders in ALPdegradation using UV and&nbsp; SSI&nbsp; were investigated. Within the photocatalytic degradation of AMI, the&nbsp; degradation efficiency under different experimental conditions was studies (influence of the photocatalyst and irradiation type, photocatalyst&nbsp; loading, initial&nbsp; substrate concentration, the effect of the presence of radical and&nbsp; holes scavengers, and electron acceptors). The degree of mineralization was monitored by measuring&nbsp; of&nbsp; total organiccarbon and&nbsp; using&nbsp; ion chromatography.&nbsp; In order to&nbsp; study&nbsp; the cytotoxicity of AMI&nbsp; and degradation intermediates, their influence on the&nbsp; growth of four cell lines: Neuro-2a, MRC-5, H-4-II-E,&nbsp; and HT-29&nbsp; were investigated. Then, the efficacy of synthesized TiO2/polyaniline nanocomposite powders, as well as photocatalysts of pure TiO₂&nbsp; and WO₃/TiO₂&nbsp; in the form&nbsp; of&nbsp; films&nbsp;&nbsp; in AMI degradation using UV and SSI were studied. In addition, the effect of the&nbsp; substrate&nbsp; structure on the efficiency of photocatalytic degradation was studied by testing the activity&nbsp; of synthesized TiO_2&nbsp; nanopowders doped with W(VI)&nbsp; ions, then&nbsp; coupled binary tin-zinc- oxide&nbsp; nanopowders, as well as coupled binary&nbsp; indium-zinc- oxide nanopowders using UV and SSI.</p>

Syftet med uppföljningsstudien var att undersöka deltagares upplevelser av verksamma/hindrande komponenter i behandlingen Hästunderstödd Kognitiv Beteendeterapi (HU-KBT) 12-18 månader efter avslutad behandling. Syftet var också att undersöka vad deltagarna upplever att de uppnått genom att delta i behandlingen HU-KBT. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med fem deltagare. Intervjumaterialet analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ tematisk analys. Ett flertal komponenter i behandlingen beskrevs som hjälpsamma; gruppen, terapeuten, hästen, miljön och olika specifika psykoterapeutiska komponenter. Hindrande behandlingskomponenter som framkom var negativa aspekter av att behandlas i grupp samt för lite tid. Effekter av behandlingen som beskrevs av deltagarna var förbättrad ångesthanteringsförmåga, förhöjd energinivå, förbättrad gränssättningsförmåga, minskat behov av att ha kontroll och ta ansvar för andra, ökad självinsikt, en ökad medvetenhet om och förståelse för känslor och hur dessa kan hanteras samt en förbättrad arbetsförmåga. Övrigt som framkom i intervjuerna var att förväntningarna var blandade, att det kunde finnas övriga livsomständigheter som kan ha påverkat utfallet av behandlingen, att effekten av behandlingen ofta var fördröjd, att behandlingen upplevdes som effektiv, att det förekom olika sätt som användes för att förhindra återfall samt att det fanns önskemål om att få ta del av ytterligare behandling och att behandlingen ska rikta sig till fler grupper av människor och även kunna erbjudas i förebyggande syfte. Resultaten ser lovande ut men det behövs ytterligare forskning för att vidare undersöka behandlingens effektivitet och verksamma komponenter. / The purpose of the follow-up study was to examine the participants' experiences of active/inhibitory components in the treatment Equine Assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (HU-KBT) 12-18 months after treatment completion. The purpose was also to investigate the participant´s self-perceptions of achievement by participating in the HU-KBT treatment. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five participants. The interview material was analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis. Several components of the treatment were described as helpful; the group, the therapist, the horse, the environment and several specific psychotherapeutic components. Obstructive treatment components that emerged were negative aspects of being treated in group and shortage of time. Effects of the treatment described by the participants were improved anxiety management, increased energy levels, improved ability to set boundaries, reductions in need to control others or to take responsibility for them, increased self-awareness, increased awareness and understanding of emotions and how they can be managed and an improved ability to work. Other things that emerged in the interviews were expectations were mixed; other life circumstances may have affected the outcome of the treatment; the effect of the treatment was often delayed; the treatment was perceived as effective; various ways were used to prevent relapse; there was a desire to gain access to further treatment and that the treatment should be aimed at more groups of people and also be offered for preventive purposes. The results look promising, but further research is needed to further investigate the efficacy and the operating components of the treatment.

This diploma thesis is concentrated to fully differential and non-differential fractional-order filters with active elements. It describes how we can obtain fractional-order fully-differential filters design from non-differential design, thesis describes realization in OrCad program and simulation of this project. The first part of the thesis concerns theoretical analysis of frequency filters, active elements and fractional-order filters. The second part of the thesis includes designs of filters and simulations of differential structures and rest of non-differential structures simulation. The following part of the thesis concerns practical realization and experimental measurment of differential fractional-order filter. In the last part of this project, thesis evaluates all results which were revealed in our simulations and experimental measurment.