published_or_final_version / abstract / Medicine / Master / Master of Philosophy

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Abstract not available

Forty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly separated into one of three experimental groups: Run-Trained (RT), Swim-Trained (SW), or Control (CON). The runners were further separated into 2 groups: Good-runners (RT1), or Poor-runners (RT2) according to their performance on the treadmill. All of the trained groups were endurance trained at approximately 80% V02 max for two hours per day, five days per week in the appropriate mode of exercise. After nine weeks of equi-intensity training, the perimetrial fat pads were removed and the calls isolated. The adipocytes from the trained animals were significantly smaller in volume and diameter than the adipocytes from the controls. Adipocytes from all of the trained groups were significantly more sensitive to insulin than the CON group according to the definition by Kahn (60). The cells from the RT1 and SW groups were significantly more responsive to insulin than both the RT2 and CON groups. The adipocytes from the RT1 group were also significantly more responsive to insulin than the SW group. The differences in cell responsiveness to insulin were highly correlated to the average size of the cells studied. From the data presented in this study threeconclusions were drawn: 1) Both running and swimming at the reported intensity, duration, and frequency have a significant effect on the morphology and metabolism of the isolated adipocyte, 2) Adipocyte morphology, insulin sensitivity, and insulin responsiveness are dependent on the frequency, intensity, and duration of a given exercise training protocol, and 3) Each type of exercise training has its own drawbacks: with swimming, the rats may experience some hypoxia which may alter their metabolic fuel utilization, and during running not all of the animals may be capable or willing to complete the run.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306