Thesis (M.Sc. (Clinical Tropical Medicine))--Mahidol University, 1983.

Thesis--University of Wisconsin. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-93).

Este estudo avaliou a eficácia do propionato de clobetasol a 0,05% em pomada, com uso de moldeiras individuais de silicone, em 22 pacientes com lesões gengivais de doenças mucocutâneas auto-imunes e inflamatórias, por meio de um estudo duplo-cego, cruzado, placebo-controlado. Os pacientes foram distribuídos em dois grupos: grupo 1, que consistiu de 5 pacientes em uso de corticosteróide e/ou imunossupressor sistêmico para controle de lesões cutâneas e/ou gengivais associadas às doenças mucocutâneas; grupo 2, que consistiu de 17 pacientes sem utilização de corticosteróide e/ou imunossupressor sistêmico. Os pacientes de cada grupo receberam a bisnaga 1, e foram orientados a utilizá-la no preenchimento das moldeiras. Em seguida, foram instruídos a aplicar a pomada com a moldeira 3 vezes ao dia, durante 20 minutos, por um período de duas semanas. A freqüência de uso da pomada foi reduzida na 3 a semana para 1 vez ao dia (pela manhã), em dias alternados. Após esta fase, foi estabelecido um intervalo de 2 semanas sem tratamento após o qual houve a inversão das pomadas (bisnaga 2), e os pacientes passaram a utilizá-la da mesma maneira que a bisnaga 1. As consultas de avaliações foram realizadas na 2 a , 5 a , 7 a , e na 10 a semana após o início do teste, e a resposta terapêutica foi baseada no percentual da remissão dos sinais classificada como completa (100%), excelente (75% a 99%), boa (50% a 74%), regular (1% a 49%), inalterada e piorada; e da remissão dos sintomas classificada como completa, parcial, inalterada e piorada. Durante as consultas de retorno, os pacientes foram monitorados quanto à ocorrência de efeitos colaterais. Com relação à remissão dos sinais, nos pacientes do grupo 1, 4 pacientes (80%) mostraram resposta regular; e 1 paciente (20%) apresentou piora do quadro clínico após o uso do propionato de clobetasol. Nos pacientes do grupo 2, 13 pacientes (76,5%) apresentaram alguma melhora durante o uso do propionato de clobetasol, e 4 pacientes (23,5%) apresentaram piora do quadro clínico. Com relação aos sintomas, durante o uso do propionato de clobetasol, 3 (60%) pacientes do grupo 1, apresentaram melhora parcial, 1 paciente (20%) não verificou mudança na sintomatologia, e 1 paciente (20%) referiu piora dos sintomas. Nos pacientes do grupo 2, completa melhora dos sintomas foi verificado em 2 pacientes (11,8%) e resposta parcial em 9 pacientes (52,9%) durante o uso do propionato de clobetasol. A diferença dos resultados obtidos entre o período de uso do propionato de clobetasol e placebo, nos dois grupos de pacientes e para os parâmetros analisados, não foi estatisticamente significante (Teste exato de Fisher; p > 0,05). Apenas 2 pacientes (11,8 %) do grupo 2 desenvolveram candidose após o uso do propionato de clobetasol. Os resultados deste estudo demonstraram que a aplicação do propionato de clobetasol 0,05% em pomada, com o auxílio de moldeiras de silicone, apresenta eficácia boa a moderada no controle das lesões gengivais de doenças mucocutâneas, causando mínimo de efeitos colaterais. / This study evaluated the efficacy of 0.05% clobetasol propionate in ointment administered with trays in 22 patients with gingival lesions of autoimmune and inflammatory mucocutaneous diseases. The patients were subdivided into two groups: group 1, which was composed by 5 patients treated systemically with corticosteroid and/or other immunosuppressive drug for control of skin and/or gingival lesions associated to mucocutaneous diseases; and the group 2, which was composed by 17 patients not being under systemic corticotherapy. The patients of each group received the container number 1 and they were instructed to apply the ointment with the tray for 20 minutes, 3 times daily, for 2 weeks. The frequency of use of ointment was reduced in the third week for once a day on alternate days. After that, the patients were instructed to discontinue the treatment for 2 weeks (washout period), and then were given the container number 2, to be used in the same way as that of the container 1. Each patient was examined in the weeks 2, 5, 7, and 10 after the beginning of the study. The therapeutic response was determined according to remission of signs on percentage, and assessed as follow: complete (100%), excellent (75% to 99%), good (50% to 74%), poor (1% to 49%), failed and worsened; and on remission of symptoms assessed as complete, partial, failed and worsened. At every visit, the patients were also examined for the presence of side-effects. In group 1, 4 patients (80%) had a poor response, and 1 patient (20%) had a worse of clinical presentation after the use of clobetasol propionate. In patients of group 2, 13 (76.5%) presented some improvement after the use of clobetasol propionate, and 4 patients (23.5%) presented worse of signals. For symptoms, 3 patients (60%) of the group 1 showed partial improvement while 1 (20%) presented no response, and 1 (20%) had symptoms worsened after the use of corticosteroid. In the group 2, complete improvement of symptoms was observed in 2 (11.8%) and partial in 9 (52.9%) after the use of clobetasol. There was no statistical difference when compared the results obtained with clobetasol propionate and placebo in the two groups of patients for the parameters evaluated (Fisher test; P > 0.05). Only 2 patients (11.8%) of group 2 developed candidosis after the use of clobetasol propionate. This study showed that clobetasol propionate ointment present good to moderate efficacy, with minimal side-effects, in the treatment of gingival lesions of mucocutaneous diseases.

Sam Sze Wing. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 156-184). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Publications based on work in this thesis --- p.ii / Abstract --- p.iii / Acknowledgements --- p.vii / Chapter 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Corticosteroids --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Chemical Structure of Steroids --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Biosynthesis of Endogenous Corticosteroids --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.2.1 --- Regulation of Cortisol synthesis and negative feedback system --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Biological Significance of Corticosteroids --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.3.1 --- Involvement of corticosteroids as anti-inflammatory drugs --- p.6 / Chapter 1.1.3.2 --- Eicosanoid biosynthesis --- p.7 / Chapter 1.1.3.3 --- Lipoxygenase pathway --- p.9 / Chapter 1.1.3.4 --- Side-effects of prolonged use of corticosteroids --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2 --- Organisation of the Emetic Reflex --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Motor Pathway of Emetic Reflex --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.1.1 --- Retching and vomiting --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2.1.2 --- Nausea --- p.13 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Components of the Emetic Reflex --- p.14 / Chapter 1.2.2.1 --- The vomiting centre (VC) --- p.15 / Chapter 1.2.2.2 --- Area postrema (AP) / Chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) --- p.15 / Chapter 1.2.2.3 --- The nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) --- p.17 / Chapter 1.2.2.4 --- Gastrointestinal tract and vagus nerves --- p.17 / Chapter 1.2.2.5 --- Neurotransmitter receptors --- p.18 / Chapter 1.3 --- Chemotherapy-Induced Emesis --- p.19 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Cancer as a cause of mortality in Man --- p.20 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Chemotherapeutic Agents --- p.20 / Chapter 1.3.2.1 --- Different classes --- p.20 / Chapter 1.3.2.2 --- Emetogenic potential --- p.21 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Cisplatin-Induced Emesis --- p.23 / Chapter 1.3.3.1 --- Unfavourable effects associated with chemotherapy-induced nausea and emesis --- p.24 / Chapter 1.3.3.2 --- Anticipatory nausea and vomiting --- p.24 / Chapter 1.3.3.3 --- Profile of cisplatin-induced emesis --- p.25 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Animal Models of Cisplatin-Induced Acute and Delayed Emesis --- p.26 / Chapter 1.3.5 --- Mechanisms and Pathways Involves in Chemotherapy-Induced Emesis --- p.28 / Chapter 1.3.6 --- Anti-Emetic Drugs for the Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Emesis --- p.31 / Chapter 1.3.6.1 --- 5-HT3 receptor antagonists --- p.31 / Chapter 1.3.6.2 --- Dopamine receptor antagonists --- p.33 / Chapter 1.3.6.3 --- Benzodiazepines --- p.35 / Chapter 1.3.6.4 --- Cannabinoids --- p.35 / Chapter 1.3.6.5 --- Antihistamines and anticholinergics --- p.35 / Chapter 1.3.6.6 --- NK1 receptor antagonists --- p.37 / Chapter 1.3.6.7 --- Corticosteroids --- p.38 / Chapter 1.3.6.8 --- Multi-agent anti-emetic regimens --- p.39 / Chapter 1.4 --- Motion-Induced Emesis --- p.41 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Incidence --- p.42 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Mechanisms and Pathways Involved in Motion Sickness --- p.43 / Chapter 1.4.2.1 --- Importance of the vestibular apparatus --- p.44 / Chapter 1.4.2.2 --- Importance of the area postrema --- p.45 / Chapter 1.4.2.3 --- The nucleus tractus solitarius --- p.46 / Chapter 1.4.2.4 --- Hormone and neurotransmitters --- p.46 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Animal models in Motion-Induced Emesis --- p.47 / Chapter 1.4.4 --- Anti-Emetic Drugs for the Treatment of Motion Sickness --- p.48 / Chapter 1.4.4.1 --- Anticholinergics --- p.49 / Chapter 1.4.4.2 --- Antihistamines --- p.49 / Chapter 1.4.4.3 --- Non-selective muscarinic and histamine receptor antagonists --- p.51 / Chapter 1.4.4.4 --- Sympathomimetics --- p.51 / Chapter 1.4.4.5 --- NK1i receptor antagonists --- p.51 / Chapter 1.4.4.6 --- 5-HT1A agonists --- p.52 / Chapter 1.4.4.7 --- 5-HT2 receptor agonist --- p.52 / Chapter 1.4.4.8 --- Arginine vasopressin (AVP) antagonists --- p.53 / Chapter 1.4.4.9 --- Opioid receptor agonists --- p.53 / Chapter 1.4.4.10 --- Dexamethasone and hormone levels --- p.54 / Chapter 1.4.4.11 --- Other anti-emetic drugs --- p.55 / Chapter 1.5 --- Aims of the Studies --- p.56 / Chapter 2 --- Methods --- p.59 / Chapter 2.1 --- Cisplatin-Induced Emesis Studies --- p.60 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Animals --- p.60 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Induction and Measurement of Emesis --- p.60 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- The Effects of Corticosteroids on Cisplatin-Induced Acute and Delayed Retching and Vomiting --- p.63 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- "The Effects of Dexamethasone (1 mg/kg, i.p.) Administered as an Intervention Treatment on an Established Delayed Retching and Vomiting Response Induced by Cisplatin" --- p.63 / Chapter 2.1.5 --- The Effects of Cortrosyn Depot (Tetracosactrin) on Cisplatin-Induced Acute and Delayed Retching and Vomiting --- p.63 / Chapter 2.1.6 --- The Effects of Metyrapone on Cisplatin-Induced Acute and Delayed Retching and Vomiting --- p.64 / Chapter 2.1.7 --- The Effects of Indomethacin on Cisplatin-Induced Acute and Delayed Retching and Vomiting --- p.64 / Chapter 2.1.8 --- "The Effects of DFU and L-745,337 Administered as an Intervention Treatments on an Established Delayed Retching and Vomiting Response Induced by Cisplatin" --- p.64 / Chapter 2.1.9 --- "The Effects of MK-886 (L-663,536) on Cisplatin-Induced Acute and Delayed Retching and Vomiting" --- p.65 / Chapter 2.1.10 --- The Effects of a Combination of Indomethacin and MK-886 on Cisplatin- Induced Acute and Delayed Retching and Vomiting --- p.65 / Chapter 2.1.11 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.66 / Chapter 2.2 --- Motion-Induced Emesis Studies --- p.67 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Animals --- p.67 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Measurement of Emesis --- p.67 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Induction of Emesis in Motion-Naive Suncus murinus: Effects of Glucocorticoids --- p.68 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Induction of Emesis in Motion-Sensitive Suncus murinus: Effects of Dexamethasone --- p.70 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Preparation of Serum --- p.72 / Chapter 2.2.6 --- Measurement of Serum Cortisol by Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay (ELISA) --- p.72 / Chapter 2.2.6.1 --- Immunoassay kit --- p.72 / Chapter 2.2.6.2 --- Assay procedures --- p.73 / Chapter 2.2.7 --- Measurement of Serum Adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) by Radioimmunoassay (RIA) --- p.75 / Chapter 2.2.7.1 --- Immunoassay kit --- p.75 / Chapter 2.2.7.2 --- Assay procedures --- p.76 / Chapter 2.2.8 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.79 / Chapter 3 --- Results --- p.81 / Chapter 3.1 --- Cisplatin-Induced Emesis --- p.82 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- General Profile of Emesis Induced by Cisplatin --- p.82 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Antagonism of Cisplatin-Induced Emesis by Corticosteroids --- p.82 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- "The Effect of Dexamethasone (1 mg/kg, i.p.) Administered as an Intervention Treatment on an Established Delayed Retching and Vomiting Response Induced by Cisplatin" --- p.84 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- The Effect of Cortrosyn Depot (Tetracosactrin) on Cisplatin-Induced Acute and Delayed Retching and Vomiting --- p.85 / Chapter 3.1.5 --- The Effect of Metyrapone on Cisplatin-Induced Acute and Delayed Retching and Vomiting --- p.85 / Chapter 3.1.6 --- "The Effect of Indomethacin, DFU and L-745,337 on Cisplatin-Induced Acute and Delayed Retching and Vomiting" --- p.86 / Chapter 3.1.7 --- The Effect of MK-886 on Cisplatin-Induced Acute and Delayed Retching and Vomiting --- p.88 / Chapter 3.1.8 --- The Effect of Combination of Indomethacin and MK-886 on Cisplatin- Induced Acute and Delayed Retching and Vomiting --- p.89 / Chapter 3.2 --- Motion-Induced Emesis --- p.91 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- General Effect of Motion on Serum Cortisol and ACTH Levelsin Motion Naive Suncus murinus --- p.91 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- The Effect of Glucocorticoids on Motion-Induced Emesis and Cortisol and ACTH Levels in Motion-Naive Male Suncus murinus --- p.92 / Chapter 3.2.2.1 --- Effect of dexamethasone --- p.92 / Chapter 3.2.2.2 --- Effect of betamethasone --- p.93 / Chapter 3.2.2.3 --- Effect of methylprednisolone --- p.93 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- The Effect of Glucocorticoids on Motion-Induced Emesis and Cortisol and ACTH Levels in Motion Naive Female Suncus murinus --- p.94 / Chapter 3.2.3.1 --- Effect of dexamethasone --- p.94 / Chapter 3.2.3.2 --- Effect of betamethasone --- p.95 / Chapter 3.2.3.3 --- Effect of methylprednisolone --- p.95 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- The Effect of Dexamethasone on Motion-Induced Emesis and Cortisol and ACTH Levels in Motion-Sensitive Suncus murinus --- p.96 / Chapter 3.2.4.1 --- Effect of dexamethasone on male motion-sensitive animals --- p.97 / Chapter 3.2.4.2 --- Effect of dexamethasone on female motion-sensitive animals --- p.97 / Chapter 4 --- Discussion --- p.131 / Chapter 4.1 --- "Cisplatin (5 mg/kg, i.p.)-Induced Emesis in Control Animals" --- p.132 / Chapter 4.2 --- Anti-Emetic Action of Corticosteroids in the Ferret --- p.133 / Chapter 4.3 --- Metyrapone Study --- p.138 / Chapter 4.4 --- Cortrosyn Depot Study --- p.139 / Chapter 4.5 --- Role of Cycloxygenase --- p.141 / Chapter 4.6 --- Role of 5-Lipoxygenase --- p.143 / Chapter 4.7 --- Duel Inhibition of Cycloxygenase and 5-Lipoxygenase --- p.144 / Chapter 4.8 --- Anti-Emetic Potential of Glucocorticoids in Suncus murinus --- p.145 / Chapter 4.9 --- General Summary --- p.149 / Appendix I --- p.152 / Appendix II --- p.154 / References --- p.156

by Martin Li. / Year shown on spine: 1997. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 150-157). / DECLARATION --- p.II / ABSTRACT --- p.III / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.VII / CONTENTS --- p.VIII / LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --- p.XIV / LIST OF TABLES --- p.XVI / LIST OF CHART --- p.XXIII / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.XXIV / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASE: PUBLIC HEALTH AND CLINICAL ASPECTS --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1. --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2. --- Magnitude of the problem --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.1. --- Asthma --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.2. --- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.3. --- Prevalence of osteoporosis in Hong Kong --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.4. --- History of asthma care --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.5. --- Treatment of OAD --- p.5 / Chapter 1.3. --- Side effects of Glucocorticoid in OAD patients --- p.6 / Chapter 1.4. --- Side effccts of inhaled corticosteroids in OAD patients --- p.7 / Chapter 1.5. --- Trend of asthma therapy in Hong Kong --- p.8 / Chapter CHAPTER 2: --- OSTEOPOROSIS: PUBLIC HEALTH AND CLINICAL ASPECTS --- p.11 / Chapter 2.1. --- Bone Biology --- p.11 / Chapter 2.2. --- Skeletal Organisation --- p.11 / Chapter 2.3. --- Bone remodelling --- p.12 / Chapter 2.4. --- Effect of corticosteroids on bone remodelling --- p.13 / Chapter 2.5. --- Corticosteroids induccs osteoporosis --- p.13 / Chapter 2.6. --- Factors affecting BMD --- p.14 / Chapter 2.6.1. --- Peak bone mass --- p.14 / Chapter 2.6.2. --- Ethnic factors --- p.14 / Chapter 2.6.3. --- Aging --- p.15 / Chapter 2.6.4. --- Calcium intake --- p.15 / Chapter 2.6.5. --- Oestrogen --- p.16 / Chapter 2.6.6. --- Alcohol consumption --- p.17 / Chapter 2.6.7. --- Cigarette smoking --- p.17 / Chapter 2.7. --- Physical activity and BMD --- p.17 / Chapter 2.8. --- Body composition in Chinese subjects --- p.18 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- "PHASE I: BODY COMPOSITION AND BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASE PATIENT AND NORMAL CONTROL SUBJECTS: OBJECTIVES, SUBJECTS AND METHODS" --- p.20 / Chapter 3.1. --- Objectives --- p.20 / Chapter 3.2. --- Subjects and methods --- p.21 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- OAD patients --- p.21 / Chapter 3.2.1.1 --- Disease definition and selection criteria --- p.21 / Chapter 3.2.1.2. --- Normal Control subjects --- p.21 / Chapter 3.3. --- Power of estimation --- p.22 / Chapter 3.4. --- Survey methods --- p.22 / Chapter 3.5. --- Questionnaire --- p.23 / Chapter 3.6. --- Body composition and bone mineral density measurement --- p.23 / Chapter 3.6.1. --- Body composition analysis --- p.24 / Chapter 3.6.2. --- Lumbar spine and proximal hip bone mineral density analysis --- p.24 / Chapter 3.6.3. --- Routine quality control of measurements --- p.24 / Chapter 3.6.4. --- Precision on patient repositioning --- p.25 / Chapter 3.7. --- Statistical methods --- p.25 / Chapter 3.8. --- Bone mineral density of normal control subjects --- p.25 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- PHASE II: FLUORIDE IN THE TREATMENT OF OSTEOPOROSIS --- p.27 / Chapter 4.1. --- Introduction --- p.27 / Chapter 4.2. --- Mechanisms of action --- p.28 / Chapter 4.2.1. --- Antiresorptive effect of fluoride --- p.28 / Chapter 4.2.2. --- Force-oriented osteogenic effect of fluoride --- p.28 / Chapter 4.2.3. --- Biochemical osteogenic effect --- p.29 / Chapter 4.3. --- Effect of fluoride salts on BMD: results of clinical trials --- p.29 / Chapter 4.4. --- Effcct of fluoride on bone histomorphology --- p.30 / Chapter 4.5. --- Compliance with sodium fluoride therapy --- p.31 / Chapter 4.6. --- Contradiction of fluoride treatment --- p.31 / Chapter 4.7. --- Sodium monofluorophosphate preparation --- p.32 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- PHASE II: THE EFFECTS OF FLUORIDE ON BONE MINERAL DENSITY OF OAD PATIENTS ON STEROID TREATMENT --- p.37 / Chapter 5.1. --- Objectives --- p.37 / Chapter 5.2. --- Subjects and methods --- p.37 / Chapter 5.2.1. --- Power of the study --- p.37 / Chapter 5.2.2. --- Subjects --- p.37 / Chapter 5.2.3. --- Method of randomisation --- p.38 / Chapter 5.2.4. --- Treatment modalities --- p.39 / Chapter 5.2.4.1. --- Treatment group --- p.39 / Chapter 5.2.4.2. --- Control group --- p.39 / Chapter 5.2.5. --- Bone mineral density measurements --- p.39 / Chapter 5.2.6. --- Routine quality control of measurement and precision on patient repositioning --- p.40 / Chapter 5.2.7. --- Methods of monitoring drug compliance --- p.40 / Chapter 5.2.8 --- Statistical methods --- p.40 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- RESULTS FOR PHASE I --- p.42 / Chapter 6.1. --- Statistical power of this phase of the study --- p.42 / Chapter 6.2. --- Clinical features of OAD subjects on inhaled steroid --- p.42 / Chapter 6.3. --- Anthropometric measurements and bone mineral density --- p.45 / Chapter 6.4. --- Analysis of covariance for BMDs differences --- p.48 / Chapter 6.5. --- Multiple regression --- p.50 / Chapter 6.6 --- Correlation --- p.51 / Chapter CHAPTER 7 --- RESULTS FOR PHASE II: FLUORIDE AND CALCIUM TRIAL --- p.81 / Chapter 7.1. --- Factors affects the power of studies --- p.81 / Chapter 7.2. --- Clinical findings --- p.82 / Chapter 7.3. --- Body measurements and bone mineral densitometry --- p.85 / Chapter CHAPTER 8: --- DISCUSSION FOR PHASE I --- p.117 / Chapter CHAPTER 9: --- DISCUSSION FOR PHASE II: TRIDIN AND CALCIUM TRIAL --- p.124 / APPENDIX 1: QUESTIONNAIRE FOR OAD BONE MINERAL DENSITY STUDY --- p.132 / APPENDIX 2: BONE SCANS FROM HOLOGIC QDR2000 --- p.137 / APPENDIX 3. TABLES AND REFERENCE CURVES FOR NORMAL HONG KONG CHINESE FEMALE OR MALE BMD --- p.142 / REFERENCE --- p.150

Este estudo avaliou a eficácia do propionato de clobetasol a 0,05% em pomada, com uso de moldeiras individuais de silicone, em 22 pacientes com lesões gengivais de doenças mucocutâneas auto-imunes e inflamatórias, por meio de um estudo duplo-cego, cruzado, placebo-controlado. Os pacientes foram distribuídos em dois grupos: grupo 1, que consistiu de 5 pacientes em uso de corticosteróide e/ou imunossupressor sistêmico para controle de lesões cutâneas e/ou gengivais associadas às doenças mucocutâneas; grupo 2, que consistiu de 17 pacientes sem utilização de corticosteróide e/ou imunossupressor sistêmico. Os pacientes de cada grupo receberam a bisnaga 1, e foram orientados a utilizá-la no preenchimento das moldeiras. Em seguida, foram instruídos a aplicar a pomada com a moldeira 3 vezes ao dia, durante 20 minutos, por um período de duas semanas. A freqüência de uso da pomada foi reduzida na 3 a semana para 1 vez ao dia (pela manhã), em dias alternados. Após esta fase, foi estabelecido um intervalo de 2 semanas sem tratamento após o qual houve a inversão das pomadas (bisnaga 2), e os pacientes passaram a utilizá-la da mesma maneira que a bisnaga 1. As consultas de avaliações foram realizadas na 2 a , 5 a , 7 a , e na 10 a semana após o início do teste, e a resposta terapêutica foi baseada no percentual da remissão dos sinais classificada como completa (100%), excelente (75% a 99%), boa (50% a 74%), regular (1% a 49%), inalterada e piorada; e da remissão dos sintomas classificada como completa, parcial, inalterada e piorada. Durante as consultas de retorno, os pacientes foram monitorados quanto à ocorrência de efeitos colaterais. Com relação à remissão dos sinais, nos pacientes do grupo 1, 4 pacientes (80%) mostraram resposta regular; e 1 paciente (20%) apresentou piora do quadro clínico após o uso do propionato de clobetasol. Nos pacientes do grupo 2, 13 pacientes (76,5%) apresentaram alguma melhora durante o uso do propionato de clobetasol, e 4 pacientes (23,5%) apresentaram piora do quadro clínico. Com relação aos sintomas, durante o uso do propionato de clobetasol, 3 (60%) pacientes do grupo 1, apresentaram melhora parcial, 1 paciente (20%) não verificou mudança na sintomatologia, e 1 paciente (20%) referiu piora dos sintomas. Nos pacientes do grupo 2, completa melhora dos sintomas foi verificado em 2 pacientes (11,8%) e resposta parcial em 9 pacientes (52,9%) durante o uso do propionato de clobetasol. A diferença dos resultados obtidos entre o período de uso do propionato de clobetasol e placebo, nos dois grupos de pacientes e para os parâmetros analisados, não foi estatisticamente significante (Teste exato de Fisher; p > 0,05). Apenas 2 pacientes (11,8 %) do grupo 2 desenvolveram candidose após o uso do propionato de clobetasol. Os resultados deste estudo demonstraram que a aplicação do propionato de clobetasol 0,05% em pomada, com o auxílio de moldeiras de silicone, apresenta eficácia boa a moderada no controle das lesões gengivais de doenças mucocutâneas, causando mínimo de efeitos colaterais. / This study evaluated the efficacy of 0.05% clobetasol propionate in ointment administered with trays in 22 patients with gingival lesions of autoimmune and inflammatory mucocutaneous diseases. The patients were subdivided into two groups: group 1, which was composed by 5 patients treated systemically with corticosteroid and/or other immunosuppressive drug for control of skin and/or gingival lesions associated to mucocutaneous diseases; and the group 2, which was composed by 17 patients not being under systemic corticotherapy. The patients of each group received the container number 1 and they were instructed to apply the ointment with the tray for 20 minutes, 3 times daily, for 2 weeks. The frequency of use of ointment was reduced in the third week for once a day on alternate days. After that, the patients were instructed to discontinue the treatment for 2 weeks (washout period), and then were given the container number 2, to be used in the same way as that of the container 1. Each patient was examined in the weeks 2, 5, 7, and 10 after the beginning of the study. The therapeutic response was determined according to remission of signs on percentage, and assessed as follow: complete (100%), excellent (75% to 99%), good (50% to 74%), poor (1% to 49%), failed and worsened; and on remission of symptoms assessed as complete, partial, failed and worsened. At every visit, the patients were also examined for the presence of side-effects. In group 1, 4 patients (80%) had a poor response, and 1 patient (20%) had a worse of clinical presentation after the use of clobetasol propionate. In patients of group 2, 13 (76.5%) presented some improvement after the use of clobetasol propionate, and 4 patients (23.5%) presented worse of signals. For symptoms, 3 patients (60%) of the group 1 showed partial improvement while 1 (20%) presented no response, and 1 (20%) had symptoms worsened after the use of corticosteroid. In the group 2, complete improvement of symptoms was observed in 2 (11.8%) and partial in 9 (52.9%) after the use of clobetasol. There was no statistical difference when compared the results obtained with clobetasol propionate and placebo in the two groups of patients for the parameters evaluated (Fisher test; P > 0.05). Only 2 patients (11.8%) of group 2 developed candidosis after the use of clobetasol propionate. This study showed that clobetasol propionate ointment present good to moderate efficacy, with minimal side-effects, in the treatment of gingival lesions of mucocutaneous diseases.

Xu Li. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 204-242). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Univ., 2001. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1941. / Typescript. Includes abstract and vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 24-26).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2006. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 251 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 203-215).