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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo da eficiÃncia de diferentes fontes de fosfato na cultura do sorgo cultivado em Cambissolo / Stduy on the efficieny of different sources of phosphate in culture sorghum cambisol

Izabel Maria Almeida Lima 28 February 2013 (has links)
FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / Os baixos teores de fÃsforo disponÃveis nos solos tropicais, em geral, requerem permanentes pesquisas com relaÃÃo à eficiÃncia das aplicaÃÃes de diferentes fontes de adubos fosfatados nas culturas cujo objetivo à elevar os teores desse nutriente no solo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo, estudar as respostas do sorgo (Sorghum bicolor) Ãs aplicaÃÃes de diferentes doses e fontes de fÃsforo no que concerne ao crescimento, produÃÃo e remoÃÃo de nutrientes, alÃm de avaliar a eficiÃncia agronÃmica das diferentes fontes. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetaÃÃo da Universidade Federal do CearÃ. Foi utilizado o solo da Chapada do Apodi-CE, Cambissolo HÃplico EutÃfico. No presente trabalho foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos inteiramente casualizados, em esquema fatorial 4x4 (doses e fontes de P, respectivamente), sendo os tratamentos composto pela combinaÃÃo de quatro doses de fÃsforo (dose 1 = 0 mg de P kg-1 solo, dose 2 = 100 mg de P kg-1 solo, dose 3 = 200 mg de P kg-1 solo e dose 4 = 300 mg de P kg-1 solo) e quatro fontes de P (Fosfato Industrial Superfosfato Triplo - ST, Fosfato Natural da Bahia - FNB, Fosfato Natural do Tocantins - FNT e Fosfato Natural Reativo â Gafsa â FNR), com 4 repetiÃÃes, totalizando 64 unidades experimentais. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variÃveis: altura da planta, diÃmetro do caule, produÃÃo de matÃria seca da parte aÃrea, e teores foliares de macronutrientes e micronutrientes presentes no sorgo. As variÃveis analisadas foram submetidas à anÃlise de variÃncia (ANOVA), Ãs anÃlises de regressÃo em funÃÃo das fontes e das doses crescentes de fÃsforo e as mÃdias dessas variÃveis foram avaliadas pelo teste de Tukey, a nÃvel de 1% e 5% de probabilidade. O Superfosfato triplo (ST) e o FNB foram as fontes responsÃveis pelas respostas mais altamente significativas das variÃveis biomÃtricas estudadas, enquanto que o FNT apresentou as menores respostas. As fontes que mais contribuÃram para a absorÃÃo de fÃsforo do solo pelo sorgo foram em ordem decrescente: ST > FNB> FNR> FNT. Na dose 300 mg kg-1solo ocorreu a maioria dos valores elevados de absorÃÃo de macronutriente e micronutriente No que concerne Ãs absorÃÃes de macronutrientes e micronutrientes pelo sorgo em funÃÃo das doses e das fontes de fÃsforo usadas, estas ocorreram na seguinte ordem decrescente: N > K > Ca > Mg > P > S; para os micronutrientes, a ordem foi: Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu. A fonte que apresentou o melhor Ãndice de EficiÃncia AgronÃmica foi o Superfosfato triplo (ST), seguido do FNB. / The low available phosphorus in tropical soils generally require constant research regarding the efficiency and the application of different sources of phosphate fertilizers on crops. This work aimed to study the responses of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) to applications of different levels and sources of phosphorus in terms of growth, yield and nutrient removal, and also to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of these different sources. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions at the Federal University of CearÃ, Brazil. It was used a Cambisol soil from the Chapada do Apodi-CE. The statistical design consisted of a randomized complete block in a 4x4 factorial (rates and sources of P, respectively), with treatments consisting of a combination of four rates of phosphorus (rate 1 = 0 mg P kg-1 soil, rate 2 = 100 mg P kg-1 soil, rate 3 = 200 mg kg-1, rate 4 = 300 mg P kg-1 soil) with 4 replicates, totalizing 64 experimental units; it was used four sources of P (Phosphate Industrial Triple superphosphate - TS, Natural Phosphate of Bahia - NFB, Natural Phosphate of Tocantins - NPT and Natural Reactive phosphate - Gafsa - NRP). The following variables were evaluated: plant height, stem diameter, dry shoot matter production and, macronutrients and micronutrients leaf concentrations. The variables value results were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), regression analysis according to sources and increasing rates of phosphorus; the averages of these variables were evaluated by the Tukey test at 5% probability. The TS and the NFB sources were responsible for the higher significant responses of the biometric variables studied, whereas NPT induced the lowest responses. The sources that contributed most to the plant absorption of soil phosphorus by sorghum were in descending order: TS > NFB > NRP > NPT. In the rate 300 mg kg-1solo occurred the most elevated macronutrient and micronutrient plant P uptake. Considering the amounts of macronutrients and micronutrients absorbed by sorghum, in function of rates and P sources, these occurred in the following order: N > K > Ca > Mg > P > S (macronutrients); Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu (micronutrients). The source that had the highest index of Agronomic Efficiency was the Triple superphosphate, followed by the Natural phosphate of Bahia.

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