The constant clash of African culture and traditions with human rights continue to militate against the adequate protection of women’s rights. Thus, African women constantly face challenges resulting from restrictions under customary laws of succession and inheritance, witchcraft violence, degrading treatment to widows, domestic violence; women killed by their partners, rape of women and children under all kinds of circumstances. This thesis was prompted by the issues raised in the Bhe case of the Constitutional Court of South Africa. In this landmark judgment, Ngcobo J dealt with the development of customary law, and how it must be approached by the courts in a manner that would have due regard to the rights of women on one hand and, on the other, would also accord customary law of its proper place, purpose and values within the African context. Against this background, the thesis focused on South Africa, Nigeria and Lesotho as excellent models of the broader challenges for women as well as governments; despite certain legislative measures put in place by the latter, the battle continues unabated for the balance of traditions and culture with women’s rights issues. Although South Africa is more progressive in terms of Constitution and practice than Nigeria and Lesotho, a lot still needs to be done particularly in the area of harmonization of laws. Regrettably, in Nigeria and Lesotho respect for the Constitution is superficial and lacks substantive policies that would promote women’s rights. To this extent, the balance of democratic values and promotion of women’s rights issues within the continent lie in women being partners in development rather than unduly suffering under intense burden of culture, tradition and societal stereotypes.

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1978 K45 / Master of Arts

No abstract available / Economics / M. Comm. (Economics)

Mini-dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences at the Durban University of Technology in partial compliance with the requirements for a Master’s Degree in Technology: Homeopathy, 2008. / A survey method was employed to investigate the perceptions of nurses in eThekwini towards homeopathy. The aim of this study was to answer the following questions: What does the nursing community in the eThekwini region know of homeopathy? Does homeopathy have a role to play in a hospital setting in the context of South Africa? The study population was all nurses with 5 years experience or more working in hospitals in the eThekwini region. The sample was drawn from 6 public and 5 private hospitals and included staff nurses and professional nurses. A total of 330 questionnaires were distributed and a total of 200 questionnaires were returned (60.6%). A total of 93 nurses (46.5%) responded from the public sector and 107 nurses (53.5%) from the private sector. The study was carried out using a questionnaire as a measuring tool. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics using frequency tables and bar charts. The Pearson’s Chi Square Test was used on selected data. The majority of respondents were female (94%) and were between the ages of 26-35 and 36-45 years. Most of the respondents had been practising for 6-10 years and 11-15years. 19% of the total number of respondents had never heard of homeopathy and 10% indicated that they were quite familiar with the homeopathic profession. Of those respondents who had never heard of homeopathy, 71.1% were in the public sector and 28.9% in the private sector. Of those respondents who answered that they were quite familiar with homeopathy, 14.3% were in the public sector and 85.7% in the private sector. With regards to legitimacy of homeopathy most nurses working in the private hospitals (60.1%) perceived homeopathy to be a legitimate form of health care as compared to nurses working in public hospitals (39.9%). Generally, both groups considered communication and co-operation with homeopaths to be very poor. In total 79.49% of respondents said it would be beneficial to improve communication between the professions. The majority of respondents (70.06%) perceived that homeopathy does have a role to play in a hospital setting. Only 29.94% of respondents perceived that homeopathy had no role to play in a hospital setting. This indicates that many respondents perceive that integrated medicine is needed in a hospital setting. This study reveals that the respondents had a positive view of homeopathy in general, and were open to learning more about it, and to cooperate with homeopaths. The finding that knowledge of homeopathy is low, and communication between the two professions is poor, can be addressed through suitable publicity and education programmes. / M

The original publication is available at http://www.commerce.uct.ac.za/Organisations/Demography/SA_Journal_of_Demography/SAJD/Volume%208/SAJDem_2000_8_1_Bekker.pdf

Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / In the past it was believed that the payment of dividends would decrease the funds available to finance growth, and would therefore lead to lower future earnings growth. This belief was challenged in recent years with research that tested the relationship between dividend payout and future earnings growth, both on the individual company and aggregate market level in different countries. The results contradicted popular belief, and showed that companies with high payout ratios tend to realise stronger future earnings growth. This study tested the same relationship in South Africa and concluded that even in a developing country, dividend payout will still lead to higher future earnings growth.

Dissertation (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The previous revision of Zygophyllum L. by Van Huyssteen (1937) included all known species of the cosmopolitan genus Zygophyllum. The present study deals with the species of Zygophyllum occurring in the southern African region which includes Angola, Namibia, Botswana and South Africa. The majority of Zygophyllum species occur in the arid and semi-arid, western parts as well as in the interior parts but some species do occur to the south of the area where milder climatic conditions are experienced. Zygophyllum species are typically described as shrubs or shrublets, rarely herbaceous annuals or biennials, with simple, sessile leaves or sessile, bifoliolate or petiolate, bifoliolate leaves of a succulent texture. Macromorphological as well as phytogeographical data were studied in order to delimit the taxa and to determine their relationships as well as their distributions. Various tables summarizing diagnostic characters of taxonomic importance as well as line drawings depicting the salient features of the species are given. The division of the genus Zygophyllum into two subgenera was investigated and this division is corroborated with additional evidence concerning floral, fruit and seed morphology. The absence or presence of an elaiosome on the seeds found in the two subgenera reflects on their different dispersal strategies. The structure of the morphologically different mucilage produced by the seeds of the two subgenera is touched on. The division of the subgenera Agrophyllum (Neck.) End!. and Zygophyllum, each into several sections, was investigated. Two sections, one from each subgenus, were transferred: the monotypic § Morgsana (Huysst.) Van Zyl to subgenus Zygophyllum; and the monotypic § Grandifolia Eng!. to subgenus Agrophyllum. The § Prismatica Van Zyl is newly described and the §Annua Eng!. is reinstated. seventeen new species are described, a few names sunk into synonymy and several name changes made. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die vorige hersiening van Zygophyllum L., deur Van Huyssteen (1937), het alle bekende spesies van die kosmopolitaanse genus Zygophyllum ingesluit. Die huidige studie handel slegs oor die Suider afrikaanse Zygophyllum-spesies wat in Angola, Namibië, Botswana en Suid-Afrika voorkom. Die meerderheid Zygophyllum spesies groei in ariede en semi-ariede dele aan die weskus asook in die binneland van die area maar sommige spesies groei ook in die suide van die gebied met 'n meer gematigde klimaat. Zygophyllum-spesies word beskryf as struike of halfstuike, is selde kruidagtige, een- of tweejariges en het gewoonlik eenvoudige, sittende blare of sittende verdeelde of gesteelde verdeelde, sukkulente blare. Makromorfologiese en geografiese data is bestudeer om die verskillende taxa af te baken, om verwantskappe tussen die onderskeie spesies vas te stel sowel as om die verspreiding vir elke takson aan te gee. Tabelle met die vernaamste taksonomies kenmerke asook lynsketse van die mees belangrike kenmerke van die verskillende species word verskaf. Die verdeling van Zygophyllum in twee subgenera is ondersoek en is, met behulp van bykomende blom-, vrug- en saadmorfologiese inligting, volkome regverdig bevind. Die aan- of afwesigheid van elaiosome op sade dui op verskillende saadverspreidings metodes. Die morfologies-verskillende slymlaag wat deur die saad van die twee subgenera produseer word, is kortliks beskryf. Die verdeling van die subgenera Agrophyllum en Zygophyllum in verskeie seksies is ondersoek. Die monotipiese subseksie Morgsana word na subgenus Zygophyllum en die monotipiese § Grandifolia na subgenus Agrophyllum verskuif. Die § Prismafica word as nuut beskryf en die § Annua word in hergebruik geneem. Sestien nuwe spesies word beskryf, enkele name word in sinonimie geplaas.

The intention of the AFMSA to revision its policies, processes and structures is the motivation for this study. The relationship between the vision and essential nature of the church and the structure or form given to it is central to all the chapters.<br /> The first chapter gives an analysis of the origins of the Pentecostal Movement and the AFMSA in order to reveal their original vision of the church and the way in which this vision became structured in their history. After a section on the importance of a clear vision and strategic structures for organizations today, the biblical metaphors that served as a foundation for the early Christians&rsquo / vision of the church are discussed. Our Christian predecessors&rsquo / envisioning and structuring of the church in each period of history are analyzed. This gives an idea of the need for reform and the challenges involved in this process, which are still faced by later generations. The historical survey reveals the development of the marks and the vision of the early Christians to represent the one, holy, catholic and apostolic church. In the conclusion, a preliminary dialogue is established between the vision of the early Pentecostals and the leaders of the AFMSA with regard to the structuring of the church and other expressions of the same vision.<br /> The next four chapters (2-5) address the significance of the specific marks in the Pentecostal Movement and the AFMSA. This is followed by a short analysis of the biblical foundation and the historical development of these marks in the history of the Christian church. The chapters are arranged according to the prominence of each mark in the Pentecostal Movement and the AFMSA. Chapter two therefore starts with the apostolicity that is followed by the holiness in chapter three, unity in chapter four and catholicity in chapter five.<br /> <br /> It becomes clear from chapter two that the Pentecostal Movement and the AFMSA want to restore the apostolic faith of the early Christians while the rest of the Christian church confess every Sunday through the Apostles&rsquo / Creed and the Nicene Creed that they believe they stand in the tradition of the apostles. The mark of holiness that is discussed in chapter three expresses the particular view of holiness held by Pentecostals. Biblical and historical connections are made between it and other Christian expressions revealing that we can all become true followers of Christ in holiness. Chapter four addresses the fact that the church has to accept that we exist as a unity in diversity. In chapter five, the linking of all traditions is established because all have the challenge to share their unique expression of God&rsquo / s fullness with the universal Body of Christ.<br /> <br /> In chapter six, all the elements so far discussed: the vision of the church that was based on the Bible, and the history of the Pentecostal Movement, AFMSA and of the Christian Churches are summarized to gain an overall perspective. This is followed by an analysis of the vision of the church today and applied to the AFMSA. The AFMSA is encouraged to revision and restructure itself in the light of the apostolicity, holiness, unity and catholicity that are shared by the witnesses in Scripture and history so that it will be an example of God&rsquo / s vision for the church and the world.

<p>This research paper aimed to explore the relevant circumstances that the legislature has specified must be considered before an eviction application is granted and the meaning that the courts have given these circumstances in both Section 26(3) of the South African Constitution and enabling legislation. It also explored whether a transformative interpretation has been given to the meaning of &quot / all relevant circumstances&quot / within the legislation, its proposed amendments, and by the courts.</p>

M.Litt. et Phil. / The fundamental purpose of this dissertation is a descriptive analysis and theoretical evaluation of the economic implications of the completion of the Uruguay Round of trade negotiations on South Africa's industrial and macro-economic performance. The study is an attempt to determine the impact of lower protection on the economy in general, which industrial sectors will gain/lose and how the anti-export bias inherent in South Africa's economy be influenced. A tariff is defined as a tax imposed on commodity imports. There are several types of tariffs, for instance ad valorem tariffs, specific tariffs and composite tariffs. The rationales for levying tariffs may be solely for raising revenue, in which case the home-produced product corresponding to the import would bear on equivalent compensatory tax. However, import duties are generally applied for the purpose of carrying out a particular economic policy, and in this context may be used to serve many functions, amongst others, the improvement of the terms of trade for the country levying the duty, strategic purposes and the protection of infant industries. The anti-export bias of 2,16 for total manufacturing shows the severe bias in South African policy in favour of inward industrialisation if export promotion policies are excluded from the calculations. Even the inclusion of GEIS does not bring about policy neutrality in terms of the inward and outward orientation. GEIS reduces the anti-export bias by approximately 33 percent for manufacturing from 2,16 to 1,44. Summary Page xi Although the South African tariff structure is among the most complex in the world, the level of protection is not exceptionally high. The average statutory tariff in South Africa is 27,5 per cent, which is approximately equal to the mean for a sample of 32 developing countries for which comparable data exist. The implications of the Uruguay Round for South Africa are clear cut: the country will, as a contracting party to the GATT, have to adhere to the commitments stemming from the Uruguay Round in order to benefit from the more market-oriented international trading environment. The rationale for the overall structure of South Africa's GATT offer is the desire to encourage the manufacture of potentially competitive, higher value-added products, which are either consumer products or capital goods. Beyond this, the relative neutrality of the offer is intended to encourage specialisation in fields in which South Africa has some comparative advantage. Although the GATT agreement will cause some casualties, notably in textiles, clothing and motor assembly, the economy as a whole will benefit from trade reform. The macro-economic success of trade reform should be evaluated in terms of how well the goals of reform have been attained and at what costs to the economy. Although some short term costs in terms of employment, balance of payments and income distribution could be of some concern in managing the policy changes facing South Africa, the overall findings indicate that the positive effects of the Marrakesh Agreement provide both constraints and opportunities for South Africa's effort to grow competitive industries.