The purpose of this research was to determine a causal model of factors affecting age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during retirement. Data were anaLzed for 1299 preretirers in four states: Idaho, Michigan, Oregon, and Utah, collected in a mail survey in 1990 by the Western Regional Agricultural Experiment Station Committee (W-176). Preference for age integrated/age segregated neighborhoods during the first ten years of retirement was directly influenced by tenure preference (p=.00, B=.210). Those who preferred homeownership during retirement chose age integrated neighborhoods during their first ten years of retirement. Preference for age integrated/age segregated neighborhoods after ten years of retirement was significantly influenced by family income (P=.03, B=.096), suitability of home size (p=.02, B=.094), and tenure preference (p=.00, B=.155). Those who were economically well off indicated a predisposition for age integrated neighborhoods as did those who preferred homeownership and those who felt they had the right size homes for retirement. Indirect effects were also observed among the exogenous and intervening variables and age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during the first ten years and after ten years of retirement. Older preretirees preferred to retire in the community (p=.00, B= .125) and this preference for the present community influenced the choice of preferred homeownership during retirement (p=.00, B=.205). Those who favored homeownership indicated a preference for age integrated neighborhoods both during the first ten years (p=.00, B=.210) and after ten years of retirement (p=.00, B=.155). These interrelationships lead to the assumption that older respondents prefer to age in place as they showed a preference to retire in the present community and for homeownership. The findings of this research will be beneficial and of interest to retirees who are trying to create a suitable and affordable environment for themselves and communities will be enriched by their participation in economic and service functions. Community developers who are striving to boost their local economies can attract retirees by providing to the needs of the elderly consumers. / Graduation date: 1993

Thesis--University of Wisconsin--Madison. / Typescript. Vita. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-130).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [301]-321). Also available in print.

In Japan, the turning point for its housing and stock prices at the beginning of the 1990s coincided with the turning point for its middle-aged-to-younger population ratio. In the United States, the financial crisis in 2007 also coincided with the turning point for the same ratio. Were these mere coincidences or was there a causal relationship between the middle-aged-to-younger population ratios and asset prices? In this study, the author proposed two models, namely the income and investment channels, and six hypotheses. The empirical evidence from 18 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries from 1970 to 2010 showed that the middle-aged-to-younger population ratio influenced stock prices through both the income and investment channels and the housing prices mainly through the income channel. The income model suggested that the growth in the middle-aged-to-younger population ratio increased the average national income and, hence, asset prices. The investment model allowed individuals to take advantage of this trend in asset appreciation by saving and investing. As a result, asset prices went up. These discoveries might help us understand the causal relationship between the middle-aged-to-younger population ratio and asset prices and, in the long run, the co-movement of stock and housing prices. / published_or_final_version / Real Estate and Construction / Master / Master of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Asian Studies / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 123-125). / ix, 125 leaves, bound col. ill. 29 cm

written by Cheung Man-Chun Doris. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-125). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.iv / LIST OF APPENDICES --- p.v / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- BACKGROUND OF AGEING IN SELECTED COUNTRIES / Chapter A. --- "Demographic Facts: World, More Developed and Less Developed Regions" --- p.6 / Chapter B. --- "Demographic Facts: Germany, US, Japan, Singapore and Hong Kong" --- p.9 / Chapter C. --- Demographic Changes of Hong Kong --- p.12 / Chapter D. --- Fertility-dominated or Mortality-dominated ageing? --- p.14 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- LITERATURE REVIEW / Chapter A. --- Ageing measurements --- p.16 / Chapter B. --- Relationship between Savings and Investment --- p.17 / Chapter C. --- Relationship between Ageing and Savings --- p.19 / Chapter D. --- Relationship between Ageing and Growth --- p.23 / Chapter E. --- Relationship between Savings and Growth --- p.24 / Chapter F. --- Summary --- p.26 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- EMPIRICAL SPECIFICATIONS AND DATA / Chapter A. --- Expectations of variables in Savings equation andin Growth equation --- p.30 / Chapter B. --- Specifications for Panel Data Analysis / Chapter (i) --- The Data --- p.36 / Chapter (ii) --- Methodology --- p.36 / Chapter (iii) --- Specifications --- p.38 / Chapter C. --- Specifications for Cross-sectional Analysis --- p.39 / Chapter D. --- Pros and Cons of Using Panel and Cross-sectional Data --- p.40 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- ESTIMATATION RESULTS / Chapter A. --- Cross-sectional Data Analysis / Chapter (i) --- How does Ageing Affect Savings? --- p.45 / Chapter (ii) --- How does Ageing Affect Economic Growth? --- p.47 / Chapter B. --- Panel Data Analysis / Chapter (i) --- How does Ageing Affect Savings? --- p.48 / Chapter (ii) --- How does Ageing Affect Economic Growth? --- p.54 / Chapter C. --- Comparison between the Results from the Analyses of the Cross-sectional Data and the Panel Data --- p.56 / Chapter D. --- Reconciliation between the Conflicts --- p.57 / Chapter (i) --- Difference in the Length of Estimation Periods --- p.59 / Chapter (ii) --- Cross-sectional Effect vs. Time Series Effect --- p.60 / Chapter (iii) --- Sampling Problems --- p.66 / Chapter a) --- Results from Cutting Outliers (Full Samples) --- p.67 / Chapter b) --- Results from Cutting Outliers (Non-poor Country Samples) --- p.69 / Chapter c) --- Results from Entering both Ageing Variables Together (Full Samples) --- p.72 / Chapter d) --- Results from Entering both Ageing Variables Together (Non-poor Countries Samples) --- p.73 / Chapter E. --- Further Examination on the Impact of Ageing on the Economic Growth --- p.74 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- CONCLUSION --- p.78 / TABLES --- p.82 / APPENDIX --- p.113 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.121

The purpose of this study is to explain the consequences of a changing age structure on social change in the urban industrialized environment. This analysis determines the impact of the younger to the older labor force aged population on both negative and positive forms of social change behavior. The indices of social behavior to be examined are the deviant behaviors of homicide, suicide and certain innovative behavior associated with patent activity. The specific age composition of the population to be examined is the ratio of young male adults aged 15-34 to those aged 35-64. The analysis of main effects of the model is conducted, controlling for the effects of unemployment and urban growth. These control variables have traditionally been documented as being important factors associated with deviant forms of behavior. However, the more contemporary literature increasingly recognizes the relationship between age and the tendency to act out certain social change behaviors. Most of social change emphasizes "negative" deviant behaviors. This study incorporated two innovative measures related to patents in an attempt to measure "positive" forms of deviant behavior. This strategy is used to determine if positive behavior can be explained by the same independent variables used to account for negative behavior. A multiple linear regression model is used to analyze the hypothesis of the research model. The results show a significant relationship between the age composition of the population and the selected indices of social behavior. As expected, the traditional indices of negative deviant behavior are consistent with the findings of the model. The less traditional indices used to measure innovation also result in positive findings. However, the significance of these latter findings is more modest in comparison to those of the traditional measures of deviant behavior. The implications of this study are that when pressure for opportunity builds in the population due to a heavy proportion of young adults, the prevalence of both positive (innovative) and negative (destructive) behavior increases. These behaviors reflect the need within society to change and adapt to population requirements. These dynamics are heightened as our society becomes more urbanized under the circumstances. The task for social policy makers is how to encourage the positive innovative forms of social change.

Mémoire (M.E.S.R.)--Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1986. / Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

Mémoire (M.E.S.R.)-- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1994. / Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU