The always growing demands on the electronics design of modern electron microscopes cause increased requirements to the measurement tasks in the electronics development of these systems. In this thesis, we report the findings of designing noise measurements setup in Carl-Zeiss, Oberkochen. The aim of this thesis was to explore the design setup for noise measurement and to provide an interface which help us analyze these measurements using C# and agilent multimeter. This was achieved by the construction and evaluation of a prototype for a noise measurment application. For this purpose Design Science Research (DSR) was conducted, situated in the domain of noise measurement research. The results consist of a set of design principles expressing key aspects needed to address when designing noise measurement functionality. The artifacts derived from the development and evaluation process each one constitutes an example of how to design for noise measurement functionality of this kind.

The first part deals with the basic methods for measuring an unknown impedance. After determining the parameters of the desired impedance analyzer method was chosen AC unbalanced Wheatstone bridge. As a source of harmonic signal has been selected direct digital synthesis circuit and measure provides the analog vector voltmeter. Subsequently, it is discussed the issue of determining the sign of the unknown phase impedance. The thesis describes the wiring of circuit AD8302 and circuit AD9958 direct digital synthesis for which it is also an example of the code. It discusses the design and simulation of a reconstruction filter. Finally there are the measured output voltage and spectrum synthesizer.

The lead-acid batteries are the most commonly used electrochemical power sources and are the oldest type of secondary battery cells. This master thesis provides a short introduction to the lead-acid batteries. It shows possible ways of sorting from different points of view, describes construction of lead-acid batteries, parameters of lead-acid batteries and electrochemical and physical reactions inside the battery. Futher the thesis deals with pulse charging of lead-acid batteries. The thesis describes the production of a set of experimental electrodes for electrochemical workplace resources. The thesis introduces the develepment environment Agilent VEE PRO and demonstrates its capabilities. The final part of this thesis are experiments focusing on the pulse charging using negative current pulses and evaluate the effect of different pulse modes on cells.

This diploma thesis deals with the study of leakage problems in industry and the use of Agilent weight detectors for its detection. Based on the studies conducted, a hardware and software solution has been proposed for connecting the measuring elements to a helium detector at a simple configurable station. Additionally, a C# application was created. This application allows the leak detector to be controlled and data collected from the detector and its surroundings. The created application was tested in a real environment. The conclusion of this work is devoted to the possibilities of using the created application.

The thesis deals with the ultrasonic velocity measurement. The ultrasonic velocity was determined on basis of ultrasonic flight time from a transmitter to a receiver. Three methods how to determine the ultrasonic velocity in medium were proposed. Special algorithms have been created and later on build in the developed program. All the software was developed in Agilent VEE Pro 8.5. The thesis contains a proposal of two experiments tutorials for the department of Biomedical engineering that will be used during experimental lessons. The experiments deal with ultrasonic velocity measurement.

The main target of this master’s thesis is to introduce the reader with the spectrum analyzer, Agilent N1996A CSA. This work explains all the functions of this measuring instrument, control elements and presents some technical parameters. The next part of this thesis deals with the measurement of coaxial cables, so that is why a whole chapter is devoted to coaxial cables and conductors in general. The rest of this thesis deals with issues of measurement uncertainties. This part contains the general procedure for the evaluation of uncertainty, followed by a practical part. The practical part contains measurement of distance to fault and return loss. Measurements were made on 4 samples of coaxial cable. At the end of the practical parts the measured values including the uncertainties and results are summarized in the final paragraph.

<p>För att kalibrera väderradarna i Sverige finns en miniräknare med program som styr kalibreringen. Deluppgiften ”Program för kalibrering” innebär att överföra dessa program till en PC. Då ingen dokumentation finns om hur kommunikationen sker mellan radar och miniräknare, är första steget att analysera och jämföra programkoden från miniräknaren med informationen från en linjelyssnare. Därefter skrivs programmen i det grafiska programmeringsspråket Agilent Vee. Programmen läser av radarns svar på signaler med olika dämpning från en signalgenerator, beräknar en radarkonstant, skapar en kalibreringstabell, samt programmerar kalibreringstabellen i radarns signalprocessor. Datorns mätvärden och beräkningar jämförs med miniräknarens, och det kan konstateras att programmen överensstämmer med varandra.</p><p>Deluppgiften ”Automatiserad kontroll av dämpsteg” innebär att med en spektrumanalysator läsa av effekten på en signal med varierande dämpning från en signalgenerator. Detta görs för att kontrollera dämpstegen, då man på Saab Aerotech upptäckt problem med signalgeneratorn. Ett program skrivs för att automatiskt styra både signalgenerator och spektrumanalysator. Den avlästa effekten vid varje dämpsteg sparas och en graf med dessa värden genereras automatiskt av programmet. I grafen återfås en linjär kurva, vilket är det förväntade utseendet vid fungerande dämpsteg. För en ytterligare kontroll läses effekten av vid varje enskild dämpare. Även dessa värden ligger inom accepterade gränser, vilket innebär att problemet ligger på annat håll i signalgeneratorn, än i dämpstegen.</p> / <p>A calculator is used to calibrate all the weather radars in Sweden. One part of this thesis is to transfer the programs on this calculator to a PC. There is no documentation on how the calculator communicates with the radar, so the first step is to analyze and compare the code from the program with the information shown on a protocol analyzer. When the communication is known, a program is written in the language Agilent Vee. One program reads the response from the radar of a signal with different attenuation. Others calculates the radar constant, generates a calibration table and programs the table to the signal processor in the radar. By comparing the result from the programs on the PC and the corresponding results from the calculator it is verified that the programs run correctly.</p><p>Saab Aerotech have found that the signal generator in not working correctly. The other part of this thesis is to automatically control the signal generator and a spectrum analyzer. The spectrum analyzer reads the power of a signal with different attenuation from the signal generator and presents the values in a graph. The curve of the graph is linear which means that there is no problem with the attenuation.</p>

The theme of this diploma work is to introduce spectrum analzyer Agilent CSA N1996A to readers. In the work there are explained in detail all measuring functions of this machine, there are also mentioned all engineering characteristics and described all operating elements of this machine. In the diploma work is also mentioned the basice division of spectrum analyzers and their principles of activity. In the pracical part there are proposed the measurement assignments for hearers of subject MEMT, where is the possibility to use already mentioned spectrum analyzer. Including of the assignments there are also theoretical analysis of each assignment, their diagrams of wiring, practical metering and interpretation of results.

The problems of solar cells are described in general in theoretic part of the master’s thesis. In particular there is described structure of solar cells, procedure of production of solar cells, kinds of defects that can occur in solar cells and diagnostic methods of detection of this defects. The solar simulator, electroluminescence method, detection of defects during microplasma shining, LBIV and LBIC method belongs to category of diagnostic methods. The main focusing is on diagnostic method of LBIC (Light Beam Inducted Current). The workplace which exploits this method is used in laboratory in Department of Electrotechnology on University of Technology Brno. This method is very exact and it reveals most of defects in solar cell but the problem is the slow speed of testing. In practical part of the master’s thesis the main solved problem is the proposition and realization of modified workplace of LBIC that would work on more modern level, it means using performer PC for service program and Agilent 34410A the modern measuring device. The speed up of the testing time is the goal of modernization in existing accuracy of finding. The modify workplace is realized and compared with the existing workplace subsequently.

The aim of this master‘s thesis was design a new communication interface for spectral analyzer Seaward EMC Spectrum Receiver, which instead of the RS 232 interface is connected to a computer via the USB interface. This thesis contains both hardware and software solution based on the analysis and comprehensive understanding of communication between the spectrum analyzer and the computer. Further it contains the whole realization of communication interface and an example of measurement of the EMC problems too. Last part of this thesis was a realization of the automatic measurement via the development environment MATLAB and Agilent VEE, which was used for measurement of noise background.