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RESUMÉ Tato práce se zabývá vlivem teplotních poměrů na intra-anuální růst smrku ztepitélo (Picea Abies (L.) Karsten) na alpínské hranici lesa v Krkonoších ve vegetačních sezónách 2011 a 2012. Monitoring probíhal na dvou lokalitách na jižním svahu Luční hory. První lokalita se nacházela v nadmořské výšce 1310 m n. m., přibližně na horní hranici zapojeného lesa, druhá pak v nadmořské výšce 1450 m n. m., ve stromových skupinkách nad horní hranicí lesa. Mezi lokalitami byl pozorován poměrně vysoký vertikální teplotní gradient jak u teplot vzduchu (1,2 - 1,7 řC), tak u teplot půdy v hloubce 10 cm (0,8 - 1,2 řC). Teplotní rozdíl mezi lokalitami se pak projevil v nižším pozorovaném přírůstu na výše položené lokalitě. Pozorované počátky kambiální aktivity se pohybovaly od 26. 4. do 21. 5. Začátek kambiální aktivity je ovlivněn množstvím sněhové pokrývky akumulované na lokalitách v průběhu zimy a s tím souvisejícím datem jejího odtátí, teplotami půdy a teplotami v přízemní vrstvě atmosféry. Délka kambiální aktivity se pohybovala mezi 55 - 77 dny, přičemž její délka byla nižší na výše položené lokalitě. Diferenciace buněk nastala bezprostředně po počátku kambiální aktivity a trvala od 111 do 132 dní. V porovnání sledovaných růstových sezón vyšla lépe růstová sezóna 2012, ve které byl průměrný přírůst stromů vyšší na...

abstract: The aim of this research study is to develop a passive architectural design morphology, tuned to the Sonoran Desert, which redefines Desert Modernism and integrates: (a) mitigation of heat transfer through the exterior envelope, and (b) use of daylight to inform appropriate architectural massing. The research investigation was delimited to mid-nineteenth century European modernist examples, and ends with mid-twentieth century modern architecture in the southwestern United States as viewed through the lens of environmental design. The specific focus was on Desert Modernism, a quasi-architectural movement, which purportedly had its beginnings in 1923 with the Coachella Valley, Popinoe Desert Cabin. A mixed-method research strategy comprised of interpretive-historical research, virtual simulation/modeling analysis and logical argumentation is used. Succinct discussions on desert vernacular design, Modernism’s global propagation, and the International Style reinterpretations were illustrated to introduce the possibility of a relationship between Modernism and the vernacular. A directed examination of climatic responses included within examples of California Modernism, the Case Study Houses and Desert Modernism follows. Three case studies: a) the Frey House II, b) the Triad Apartments, and c) the Analemma House were assessed using virtual simulation and mathematical calculations, to provide conclusive results on the relevance of regionally tuned exterior envelope design and planning tactics for the Phoenix, Arizona area. Together, these findings suggest a correlation between environmental design principles, vernacular architecture, and Modernism. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Architecture 2019

Title: Changes of lengths of periods with characteristic air temperatures Author: Eva Černochová Department: Department of Meteorology and Environment Protection Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Jaroslava Kalvová, CSc. Supervisor's e-mail address: jaroslava.kalvova@mff.cuni.cz Abstract: Lengths of periods with characteristic air temperatures were derived using two different methods (linear interpolation, robust locally weighted regression) for 10 stations in the Czech Republic and for output data of regional climate models HIRHAM and RCAO in 4 grid points. Averages for a forty-year period (1961-2000) and for a thirty-year period (1961-1990) were computed as well as averages for every decade. Considerable attention was also paid to the analysis of methods used in the research. Most stations showed lengthening of growing season and summer during the twentieth century. Decennary average length of growing season and summer shortened in the years 1971-1980. The comparison of output data of regional climate models HIRHAM and RCAO and measured station data showed that the thirty-year average lengths of growing season and summer estimated by the two models were reasonably accurate approximately half of all cases. The models' estimates were not accurate at all concerning decennary averages. Keywords: robust locally...

From the Proceedings of the 1972 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Assn. and the Hydrology Section - Arizona Academy of Science - May 5-6, 1972, Prescott, Arizona / Evaporation is a major hydrologic process in arid and semiarid lands. A brief review of evaporation literature indicates that a unique parameter, color, is desirable. Artificially colored water was used in a west Texas experiment to monitor evaporation rate and to note the effect of color on evaporation. Artificially green water had a higher evaporation rate than sewage and runoff. Five different colored waters were studied from 1966 to 1970. Color seems to affect the amount of adsorbed radiation as well as the extent of black radiation. The trend for a higher daily rate of evaporation existed for colored waters except during periods of low air temperature. Seven graphs are presented to support these conclusions.