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Vzduchem chlazený kondenzátor / Air-cooled condenserKloda, Michal January 2015 (has links)
The Master’s thesis dealing with air-cooled condensers is split into four sections. The first section shows an overview of air cooling, introduction into air-cooled condensers of A-frame shape and finned tubes. The second section deals with heat transfer on the steam side and deals with trapped incondensables on the steam side of ACC. The third section deals with heat transfer on the air side, shows a brief overview of fans and selected problems on the air side. In the last section the simplified thedmodynamic calculation of air-cooled condenser is shown.
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A numerical investigation of air-cooled steam condenser performance under windy conditionsOwen, Michael Trevor Foxwell 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is aimed at the development of an efficient and reliable method of evaluating the
performance of an air-cooled steam condenser (ACSC) under windy conditions, using
computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A two-step modelling approach is employed as a result
of computational limitations. The numerical ACSC model developed in this study makes use
of the pressure jump fan model, amongst other approximations, in an attempt to minimize the
computational expense of the performance evaluation. The accuracy of the numerical model
is verified through a comparison of the numerical results to test data collected during full
scale tests carried out on an operational ACSC. Good correlation is achieved between the
numerical results and test data. Further verification is carried out through a comparison to
previous numerical work. Satisfactory convergence is achieved for the most part and the few
discrepancies in the results are explained. The effect of wind on ACSC performance at El
Dorado Power Plant (Nevada, USA) is investigated and it is found that reduced fan
performance due to distorted flow at the inlet of the upstream fans is the primary contributor
to the reduction in performance associated with increased wind speed in this case. An attempt
is subsequently made to identify effective wind effect mitigation measures. To this end the
effects of wind screens, solid walkways and increasing the fan power are investigated. It is
found that the installation of an appropriate wind screen configuration provides a useful
means of reducing the negative effects of wind on ACSC performance and an improved wind
screen configuration is suggested for El Dorado. Solid walkways are also shown to be
beneficial to ACSC performance under windy conditions. It is further found that ACSC
performance increases with walkway width but that the installation of excessively wide
walkways is not justifiable. Finally, increasing the fan power during periods of unfavourable
ambient conditions is shown to have limited benefit in this case. The model developed in this
study has the potential to allow for the evaluation of large ACSC installations and provides a
reliable platform from which further investigations into improving ACSC performance under
windy conditions can be carried out. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is daarop gemik om die ontwikkeling van 'n geskikte en betroubare metode
van evaluering van die verrigting van ’n lugverkoelde stoom-kondensator (air-cooled steam
condenser, ACSC) onder winderige toestande, met behulp van numeriese vloei-dinamika. ’n
Twee-stap modelleringsbenadering is aangewend as gevolg van rekenaar beperkings. Die
numeriese ACSC-model wat in hierdie studie ontwikkel is, maak gebruik van die druksprong
waaier model, asook ander benaderings, in ’n poging om die berekeningskoste van die
verrigting-evaluering te verminder. Die akkuraatheid van die numeriese model is bevestig
deur middel van ’n vergelyking van die numeriese resultate met toetsdata ingesamel tydens
die volskaal toetse uitgevoer op ’n operasionele ACSC. Goeie korrelasie is bereik tussen die
numeriese resultate en toetsdata. Verdere bevestiging is uitgevoer deur middel van ’n
vergelyking met vorige numeriese werk. Bevredigende konvergensie is in die algemeen
bereik en die paar verskille in die resultate word verduidelik. Die effek van wind op ACSC
verrigting by El Dorado Power Plant (Nevada, VSA) is ondersoek, en daar is bevind dat
verlaagde waaierverrigting, as gevolg van vervormde vloei by die inlaat van die stroomop
waaiers, die primêre bydraer is tot die afname in ACSC werkverrigting geassosieer met
verhoogde windsnelheid in hierdie geval. ’n Poging word dan aangewend om effektiewe
wind-effek velagingsmaatreëls te identifiseer. Windskerms, soliede wandelvlakke en die
verhoging van die waaierkrag word gevolglik ondersoek. Daar is bevind dat die installasie
van ’n toepaslike windskerm-opset ’n nuttige middel tot ’n vermindering van die negatiewe
effekte van wind op ACSC verrigting bied, en ’n verbeterde windskerm opset is voorgestel
vir El Dorado. Soliede wandelvlakke word ook aanbeveel as voordelig vir ACSC verrigting
onder winderige toestande. Dit is verder bevind dat die ACSC prestasie verhoog met
wandelvlak breedte, maar dat die installasie van ’n te ruim wandelvlak nie regverdigbaar is
nie. Ten slotte, word bewys dat die verhoging van die waaierkrag tydens periodes van
ongunstige omgewingsomstandighede ’n beperkte voordeel in hierdie geval het. Die model
wat ontwikkel is in hierdie studie het die potensiaal om voorsiening te maak vir die
evaluering van groot ACSC- installasies en bied ’n betroubare platform vanwaar verdere
ondersoeke tot die verbetering van ACSC verrigting onder winderige toestande uitgevoer kan
word.
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Performance trends of a large air-cooled steam condenser during windy conditionsLouw, Francois G. 03 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011. / Please refer to full text to view abstract.
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Parametric Study of a Thermal Energy Storage Module Coupled with a Heat ExchangerKulkarni, Rituja 04 October 2021 (has links)
No description available.
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Simulation of a storage freezer operating with a binary nonazeotropic refrigerant blend Part I. Equation of state cycle selection compressor model and air-cooled condenser modelTipton, Russell C. January 1989 (has links)
No description available.
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Development of a process modelling methodology and condition monitoring platform for air-cooled condensersHaffejee, Rashid Ahmed 05 August 2021 (has links)
Air-cooled condensers (ACCs) are a type of dry-cooling technology that has seen an increase in implementation globally, particularly in the power generation industry, due to its low water consumption. Unfortunately, ACC performance is susceptible to changing ambient conditions, such as dry bulb temperatures, wind direction, and wind speeds. This can result in performance reduction under adverse ambient conditions, which leads to increased turbine back pressures and in turn, a decrease in generated electricity. Therefore, this creates a demand to monitor and predict ACC performance under changing ambient conditions. This study focuses on modelling a utility-scale ACC system at steady-state conditions applying a 1-D network modelling approach and using a component-level discretization approach. This approach allowed for each cell to be modelled individually, accounting for steam duct supply behaviour, and for off-design conditions to be investigated. The developed methodology was based on existing empirical correlations for condenser cells and adapted to model double-row dephlegmators. A utility-scale 64-cell ACC system based in South Africa was selected for this study. The thermofluid network model was validated using site data with agreement in results within 1%; however, due to a lack of site data, the model was not validated for off-design conditions. The thermofluid network model was also compared to the existing lumped approach and differences were observed due to the steam ducting distribution. The effect of increasing ambient air temperature from 25 35 − C C was investigated, with a heat rejection rate decrease of 10.9 MW and a backpressure increase of 7.79 kPa across the temperature range. Condensers' heat rejection rate decreased with higher air temperatures, while dephlegmators' heat rejection rate increased due to the increased outlet vapour pressure and flow rates from condensers. Off-design conditions were simulated, including hot air recirculation and wind effects. For wind effects, the developed model predicted a decrease in heat rejection rate of 1.7 MW for higher wind speeds, while the lumped approach predicted an increase of 4.9 . MW For practicality, a data-driven surrogate model was developed through machine learning techniques using data generated by the thermofluid network model. The surrogate model predicted systemlevel ACC performance indicators such as turbine backpressure and total heat rejection rate. Multilayer perceptron neural networks were developed in the form of a regression network and binary classifier network. For the test sets, the regression network had an average relative error of 0.3%, while the binary classifier had a 99.85% classification accuracy. The surrogate model was validated to site data over a 3 week operating period, with 93.5% of backpressure predictions within 6% of site data backpressures. The surrogate model was deployed through a web-application prototype which included a forecasting tool to predict ACC performance based on a weather forecast.
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Vzduchem chlazený kondenzátor / Air cooled condenserBochníček, Ondřej January 2017 (has links)
This master´s thesis deals with an air cooled condenser. The specific attention is focused on the condenser in the Brno´s waste-to-energy plant SAKO. The general process of calculation of the heat transfer coefficient is introduced, which is the base for the calculation of the condenser´s output. This process is later used for the calculation of a specific condenser. A considerable part of the thesis is concentrated on the analysis of behavior of the condenser of SAKO in various conditions from the theoretical point of view and then also in terms of real operation using provided operational data.
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