Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:03:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EduardoHCF.pdf: 473372 bytes, checksum: 2fca55fdea3773bfb6942b7901966772 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-07-07 / Since the first description of sulfated polysaccharides from seaweeds, the biological activities of these compounds have been evaluated under different aspects and experimental procedures. Among the broad biological activities presented by seaweed polysaccharides, anticoagulant action appears as a promising function. In this present study we have obtained sulfated polysaccharides from the green seaweed Codium isthmocladium by proteolytic digestion, followed by separation into five fractions (0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 and 1.2) by sequential acetone precipitation. The chemical analyses have demonstrated that all fractions are composed mainly by sulfated polysaccharides. The anticoagulant activity of these fractions was determined by activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time test (PT) using citrate normal human plasma. None fraction has shown anticoagulant activity by PT test. Furthermore, all of them have shown anticoagulant activity by aPTT test. These results indicated that the molecular targets of these sulfated polysaccharides are mainly in the intrinsic via of the coagulation cascade. Agarose gel electrophoresis in 1,3-diaminopropane acetate buffer, pH 9.0, stained with 0.1% toluidine blue showed the presence of two or three bands in several fractions while the fraction 0.9 showed a single spot. By anion exchange chromatography, the acid polysaccharides from the 0.9 acetone fraction were separated into two new fractions eluted respectively with 2.0 and 3.0 M NaCl. These compounds showed a molecular weight of 6.4 and 7.4 kDa respectively. Chemical analyses and infrared spectroscopy showed that Gal 1 and Gal 2 are sulfated homogalactans and differ one from the other in degree and localization of sulfate groups. aPPT test demonstrated that fractions 2,0 and 3,0M (Gal1 and Gal 2, respectively) have anticoagulant activity. This is the first time that anticoagulant sulfated homogalatans have been isolated from green algae. To prolong the coagulation time to double the baseline value in the aPTT, the required amount of sulfated galactan 1 (6,3mg) was similar to low molecular heparin Clexane?, whereas only 0,7mg of sulfated galactan 2 was needed to obtain the same effect. Sulfated galactan 2 in high doses (250mg) induces platelet aggregation. These results suggest that these galactans from C. isthmocladum have a potential application as an anticoagulant drug / Desde a primeira descri??o de polissacar?deos sulfatados em algas marinhas, as atividades biol?gicas destes compostos foram avaliadas sob diferentes aspectos e procedimentos experimentais. Dentre as diversas atividades biol?gicas apresentadas pelos polissacar?deos de algas marinhas, a a??o do anticoagulante aparece como sendo uma fun??o promissora. Neste presente estudo foram obtidas cinco fra??es de polissacar?deos sulfatados da alga Codium isthmocladium (F0.3, F0.5, F0.7, F0.9 e F1.2) , atrav?s de prote?lise seguida de fracionamento com volumes crescentes de acetona. An?lises qu?micas demonstraram que todas as fra??es s?o compostas por polissacar?deos sulfatados. A atividade anticoagulante destas fra??es cet?nicas foram determinadas por testes de tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada (aPTT) e tempo de protrombina (PT), utilizando plasma humano normal citratado. Nenhuma fra??o apresentou atividade via teste de PT. No entanto todas as fra??es demonstraram atividade anticoagulante para teste de aPPT. Estes resultados indicam que o(s) seus alvo(s) molecular(es) esta(?o) localizado(s) principalmente na via intr?nseca da cascata de coagula??o. Eletroforese em gel de agarose demonstrou a presen?a de 2 ou 3 bandas em varias fra??es cet?nicas, enquanto a F0.9, somente uma banda. Os polissacar?deos da F 0.9, quando submetidos a cromatografia da troca i?nica, foram separados em duas novas fra??es elu?das com 2,0 e 3,0 M de NaCl. Estes compostos apresentaram um peso molecular de 6.4 e 7.4 kDa respectivamente. Analises qu?micas e espectroscopia de infravermelho das Gal 1 e Gal 2 demonstraram que essas s?o homogalactanas sulfatadas e que diferenciavam uma da outra apenas no grau e localiza??o dos grupamentos sulfato. Teste de aPTT mostrou que as fra??es 2,0 e 3,0 M (Gal 1 e Gal 2, respectivamente) possuem atividade anticoagulante. Esta ? a primeira vez que homogalactanas sulfatadas anticoagulantes s?o extra?das de macroalgas verdes. A massa necess?ria de Gal 1 (6,3mg) para prolongar o tempo normal de coagula??o em duas vezes, via teste de aPTT, foi semelhante a Clexane?, no entanto somente 0,7mg da Gal 2 s?o necess?rios para se obter o mesmo efeito. A Gal 2 em altas doses (250mg) induziu a agrega??o plaquet?ria. Estes resultados sugerem que as galactanas da alga C. isthmocladum tem potencial aplica??o como f?rmacos anticoagulantes