In this study, I study the relationship between the use of the child home care allowance and second and third births among women aged 19-44 in Finland. I use register data from the Finnish Census Panel (FCP) on 254 465 women who had a second or third child during 1993 to 2007. I apply discrete-time event-history analysis to examine whether women using the child home care allowance while their previous child was under the age of three have a higher risk to proceed to subsequent childbearing – second and third births – than those not using the allowance while their previous child was under the age of three. The analysis is conducted separately for second and third births. The results show that the use of the child home care allowance has an effect on the risk of subsequent child, and that women using the child home care allowance have a higher risk of having a second and a third child than women not using the allowance. Also, the risk of having a second child is found to be higher than having a third child. According to the findings, timing matters. There are differences in how soon women get their subsequent child, and not only whether they get a second and third child or not. These differences are not explained by the control variables. However, the analysis does not demonstrate any causality between the use of the allowance and subsequent childbearing. The impact of the use of the allowance on childbearing may be due to selection effects.

<p>The first July 2008 did the Swedish government introduce a new family policy, the child care allowance. This essay is a case study of how the child care allowance has influenced families and which possible effects that the child care allowance can lead to. In order to respond to the issue has family models been used in order to analyze the results from a questionnaire survey distributed to households which has become granted child care allowance in Växjö municipality. Therefore is this essay’s premier contribution to the social science a description of how families have reasoned and decided about their child-care. The main result from the essay's empirical survey is that it’s mainly women that are influenced by the grant, through that they lower the scope on their hour of work. This fact can on longer view give effects on the Swedish labor market, when women's position on the labor market are to be weakened compared with the men's.</p>

The method of counting allowances is created by prof. V. M. Kovan more than 40 years ago. Therefore today, when computers are used, it is possible to estimate more deeply the components of allowances and in that way it is possible to make the method of counting more accurate. The research object: it is a theoretical character job, which include dependent on such factors as: material solidity and of used up instrument. The purpose of the paper the allowance size depends on the production cost. The increase of allowance size, it will increase metal outlay, cost on cutting tool, electrical power, and so on. However on decrease of allowance size it will depend on worse detail waster percent and in some case the netting tool will work in malevolence conditions. So it’s very important to calculate allowance size. The elastic deformations of technological system which appear because the hardness of the material changes and because the machining tool wears mechanically. It is shown in this case intermediate dimensions of parts are counted.

Silagem é um alimento volumoso obtido de forragens produzidas na estação das águas, conservando-as através de fermentações, para ser oferecida no período de escassez, garantindo a eficiência de utilização da forragem produzida. Este processo de conservação de forragem tem como objetivo preservar a forragem de alto valor nutritivo com o mínimo de perdas. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivos: Avaliar a viabilidade de produzir silagem de capim-braquiarão (Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst ex A. Rich.) cv. Marandu) de pastos sob intensidades de pastejo, utilizando ou não aditivos. Determinar as perdas por gases e efluentes e, verificar as possíveis diferenças na composição química e bromatológica dessas silagens relativo às estratégias de ensilagem que o produtor poderia realizar, no início ou no final dos ciclos das águas. O experimento foi implantado e conduzido no Departamento de Zootecnia da Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos da Universidade de São Paulo - FZEA/USP. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente ao acaso e o experimento em fatorial 4 x 3, com quatro repetições. Os fatores foram, a saber: 1º Fator – Ofertas de forragem (5% - 5 kg de massa seca/100 kg de peso animal.dia, 10%, 15% e 20%). A pastagem estava sendo manejada em lotação rotacionada, com ciclo de pastejo de 35 dias (7 dias de ocupação e 28 dias de descanso); 2º Fator – Aditivo (a) Testemunha - sem polpa cítrica peletizada e inoculante; (b) Polpa cítrica peletizada a 7,5% (75 kg/t de forragem); (c) Inoculante Sil-All C4 - recomendação comercial: 250g do produto em 50 litros de água potável; pulveriza-se 1 litro/tonelada. O experimento apresentou um total de 48 mini-silos - parcelas (12 tratamentos x 4 repetições) para cada ciclo de pastejo, que se utilizou a colheita da forragem (1º 23/02/04 e 2º 27/03/04). No trabalho avaliaram-se as perdas por Gases e Gases+Efluente durante o processo fermentativo e, as características químicas e bromatológicas da silagem. O processo de conservação de capim-braquiarão numa propriedade que se utiliza do manejo de seus animais em lotação rotacionada pode ser instalado mediante o corte mecânico das plantas forrageiras em piquetes estrategicamente escolhidos. Em menores intensidades de pastejo o capim-braquiarão apresenta melhores características para ensilar, pois é relevante que a planta forrageira utilizada no pastejo tenha potencial de alta produção de massa de forragem e alto teor de matéria seca, o que diminui os custos de produção por unidade de área e garante a qualidade do produto final. Na colheita de forrageiras tropicais com alto teor de umidade e baixo teor de carboidratos fermentescíveis é viável e necessário a utilização de aditivo, quer seja para aumentar os teores de matéria seca e de carboidratos fermentecíveis e manter o poder tampão em níveis baixos (polpa cítrica) ou de microorganismos (Sil-All C4) para favorecer o processo fermentativo e assim obter uma silagem de bom valor nutritivo. / Silage is a grassing food conserved by a fermentative process specialy used during scarcity period (dry season). It aims to conserve a high nutritional value with a minimum of losses. In order to assure its produced forage utilization efficiency, it needs to considerate its harvest by animals and machines in a system that uses rotational stocking method. In this context, this work has had as objectives: to evaluate the viability to produce braquiarão grass silage [Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst ex A. Rich.) cv. Marandu] from pasture under grazing intensities, using addictives or not. To determinate the gases and effluent losses and, to verificate the possible differences in chemical-bromatologic composition in the silage related to the strategies to process the silage that the producer is able to use, at the beginning or at the end of summer season (rain period). The experiment was conducted in the Animal Science Department at the Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engeneering of University of São Paulo – FZEA/USP. The experimental design was totally alleatory in a 4X3 factorial mode, with four replications. The factors were: 1st Factor – Forage allowance (FA) (5% - 5Kg of dry mass/ 100kg living animal weight.day, 10%, 15% and 20%). The pasture was being managed in rotational stocking method, with a 35 day grazing cycle (7 day animal occupation time and 28 day pasture rest time); 2nd Factor – addictive A) Control – without peletized citric pulp and inoculant. B) 7,5 % peletized citric pulp (75 Kg/ton of forage). C) Sil-All C4 inoculant – Trading recommendation: 250 g of the product in 50 liters of potable water; pulverizing 1 liter/ton. The experiment were composed by 48 small plastic silos – parcels ( 12 treatments X 4 replications) for each grazing cycle, that was used the forage harvest (1st 23/02/04 and 2nd 27/03/04). The gases and gases+effluent losses were evaluated during the fermentative process and, the silage chemical-bromatologic characteristics. The braquiarão grass conservation process, in a property that uses animals handled in a rotational stocking method, can be installed through forage mechanical cuts in strategically chosen pickets. In lower grazing intensities the braquiarão grass shows better characteristics to ensile, once it´s important to the forage used in grazing process to have a potential to high mass production just like its dry matter rate, that can decrease the expense per unit of area and it guarantees the final product quality. In tropical forage harvest with high humidity and low fermentable carbohydrate rate, the addictives utilization is a feasible and necessary method to increase the dry matter and fermentable carbohydrate rate and keep the buffering in low rate (citric pulp) or in microorganisms (Sil-All C4) to collaborate the fermentative process in order to obtain better nutritional value silage.

The thesis discuss problem of financing allowance organization in theory and practices. It discuss problem of finance control in public sphere. Firstly it solves characteristic of allowance organization, in practical part there is solved question of financing and finance control in Mining museum in Příbram. Mining museum is the biggest museum of its kind in Czech republic. It ranks among the most visiting memory of Středočeský country.

This thesis is engaged in financing of allowance organizations. The first part is focused on general characteristic of non -- profit organizations; in more detail on specifics the foundation, economy, funds creation and possibility their usage of allowance organizations. The practical part is applicable to conditions of a concrete allowance organization -- The Wallachian museum in nature in Rožnov pod Radhoštěm, founded by the state. The Wallachian museum is a national culture monument and the oldest open-air museum in the middle Europe. The thesis describes activities of museum, its organization and specifies relations to the founder, especially is focused on all accessible resources of its financing. Then is engaged in the economy of this subject, the analysis its costs and revenues, income from operation and its usage.

The graduation theses is focused on problems of creation, performance and settlement of budget of allowance organization in regional education area. Next part of the graduation theses treat funding of allowance organization and resources of state budget. The graduation theses is made into the example of concete allwance organization.

The theme of this thesis is financing, accounting and economy specifics of allowance organizations. The goal of this thesis is to prove that the activities of these organizations are not possible without the resources supplied from public budget. The theoretical part is dedicated to the non-profit sector and the definition of non-profit organizations. In more detail attends the thesis to the characteristics, financial relations and economy specifics of both types of allowance organizations -- founded by the state and by territorial authorities. The practical part is focused on the activity of a specific allowance organization in the field of social services. After the organisation is introduced follows an analysis of financial resources and its economy analysis throughout the period of five years.

This master‘s thesis is focused on drafting a marketing strategy proposal and recommendation for Petit Press, a.s., which owns a discount aggregator Zľavy.sme.sk. The first part of the thesis describes the individual aims of the work. The second chapter focuses on the theoretical background of the work that is needed to better understand this issue. The third chapter is focused on the application of this knowledge in the analysis of the marketing mix and the environment in which the aggregator operates, and also describes the marketing research realized among customers of the aggregator. Based on the data and facts, the last chapter of the thesis presents specific proposals for adjusting and improving the marketing strategy of aggregator SME.

No / Carers make a considerable contribution to the health and social care of sick or disabled people, reducing the strain on health and social care systems. This has been recognised through support mechanisms, including (in the UK) a payment for caring (Carer’s Allowance – CA). This article draws upon data from a study of carers receiving CA. Utilising a citizenship perspective, it examines respondents’ perspectives on their role in the UK and shows how CA provides not only financial support but also contributes to normative conceptualisations of citizenship. The data highlight the primacy of paid work in UK citizenship, as well as the stigma associated with receiving welfare benefits. The article concludes by claiming that changes to the UK benefit system need to take into account a ‘recognition’ aspect, reformulating what is considered a worthwhile contribution to society.