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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Abordagens terapÃuticas na mucosite oral experimental induzida por 5-Fluorouracil: papel dos extratos de Aloe barbadensis (Babosa) e de Myracrodruon urundeuva (Aroeira do sertÃo) / Protective effects of Aloe barbadensis and Myracrodruon urundeuva on experimental oral mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil

Rosane Oliveira de Sant Ana 21 December 2006 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / INTRODUÃÃO: A mucosite oral (MO) à um efeito colateral frequente em pacientes sob tratamento oncolÃgico, em especial à quimioterapia (QT). Caracteriza-se por hiperemia, edema e Ãlceras em toda a cavidade oral e faringe. A importÃncia da MO à devido à dor, alteraÃÃes do paladar e infecÃÃes locais. Surge incapacidade de alimentar-se, ingerir lÃquidos, risco de infecÃÃes sistÃmicas, necessidade de interrupÃÃo da QT, necessidade de hospitalizaÃÃo, tornando o tratamento mÃrbido, dispendioso, doloroso e muitas vezes impossÃvel ou ineficaz. Ainda nÃo hà terapÃutica totalmente eficaz, com nÃvel de evidÃncia que torne a MO manejÃvel. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar os efeitos do tratamento tÃpico com duas plantas medicinais, a Myracrodruon urundeuva (aroeira) e a Aloe barbadensis (babosa) sobre o desfecho da MO experimental induzida por 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) em hamsters, atravÃs de escores macro e microscÃpicos e avaliaÃÃo de perda ponderal. Investigar os possÃveis mecanismos envolvidos nesses efeitos, atravÃs de anÃlise da atividade de mieloperoxidase (MPO) e expressÃo tissular de TNF-alfa e iNOS. MATERIAIS E MÃTODOS: Hamsters Goldem siriam receberam injeÃÃes i. p. de 60 e 40 mg/Kg de 5-FU, nos dias 1 e 2, respectivamente. No dia 4 os animais eram anestesiados, tinham suas mucosas jugais submetidas a trauma mecÃnico (TM) com agulha de ponta romba. Em seguida, eram tratadas com gel inerte (controle), gel de aroeira a 5, 10 ou 20% (AR) ou gel de babosa (ALOE) a 25, 50 e 100% . Tais tratamentos eram realizados 2xdia atà o dia 9. Os animais eram pesados diariamente. No dia 10, ocorriam os sacrifÃcios para: 1. AnÃlise macroscÃpica das mucosas; 2. Retiradas de amostras para histopatologia, imunohistoquÃmica para e dosagem de MPO. RESULTADOS: Na anÃlise macroscÃpica, AR determinou inibiÃÃo significativa da MO (AR 5% - Md 2; AR 10% - Md 3; Controle â Md 4), ALOE tambÃm inibiu a MO (ALOE 25% - Md 1; ALOE 50% - Md 1,5; ALOE 100% - Md 1; Controle â Md 4). à histopatologia confirmou-se inibiÃÃo significativa da MO pela AR (p < 0,01) e pela ALOE a 50 e 100% ( p< 0,01). Houve tambÃm inibiÃÃo dos nÃveis de MPO pelos extratos das duas drogas e a expressÃo de TNF-alfa e iNOS tambÃm foi reduzida. Houve uma tendÃncia a uma menor perda ponderal nos grupos experimentais. CONCLUSÃES: Extratos de ALOE e AR foram capazes de inibir a MO experimental induzida por 5-FU atravÃs de aplicaÃÃes tÃpicas e tal efeito pode ser modulado por suas atividades anti-inflamatÃrias sobre a produÃÃo de citocinas envolvidas com o processo e de NO. / INTRODUCTION: Oral mucositis (OM) is a frequent dose-limiting and costly complication of antineoplastic chemotherapy. Itâs caractherized by ulcerative lesions and causes pain, restrict food and fluids oral intake and causes substancial risk for sepsis. In severe cases, hospitalization, parenteral nutrition and opiode analgesics are required. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the effects of extracts of two herbal medicines, Aloe barbadensis Miller (Ab) and Myracrodruon urundeuva AllemÃo (Mu) on 5-fluorouracil-induced OM in hamsters. To evaluate the possible mechanisms by the extracts act, it was performed analysis of intensity of activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and analysis of immunohistochemistry for TNF-alpha and iNOS in mucosa specimens. METHODS: Golden siriam hamsters were submitted to intra-peritoneal 60 and 40 mg/Kg injections of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in day 1 and 2, respectively. On day 4, animals were submitted to anaesthesia, followed by mecanic trauma with needle to potenciate the effect of 5-FU. After that, the mucosas were treated with topical gel containing Mu extracts at 5, 10 or 20%, Ab extracts at 25, 50 or 100% (experimental groups) or carbapol gel (control group). The treatments above were mantained twice daily until day 9. On day 10 the animals were sacrified. Diferent parameters were evaluated: macroscopic and microscopic scores of OM, body mass variation and immunohistochemistry for TNF-alpha e iNOS. RESULTS: Mu significantly inhibited macroscopic oral mucositis at 5 and 10% concentrations (5% Mu â Md 2; 10% Mu â Md 3; control â Md 4, p < 0,01). Ab also inhibited OM (25% Ab â Md 1; 50% Ab â Md 1,5; 100% Ab â Md 1; control â Md 4, p < 0,001). These results were confirmed by histological analysis (5% Mu â Md 1,5; 10% Mu â Md 1; 25% Ab â Md 1; 50% Ab â Md 1,5; 100% Ab â Md 1; control â Md 2, p < 0,01). MPO activity was significantly decreased by Mu and Ab compared to control animals. Both Mu and Ab decreased expression of TNF-alpha and iNOS on tissue. It was observed a decrease on ponderal lost in experimental groups. CONCLUSIONS: Myracrodruon urundeuva and Aloe barbadensis cause important inhibitory effects in oral mucositis 5-FU induced probably by their antiinflamatory properties.

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