In this study I have attempted to present the reaction of a Northern state, Indiana, to the movement for the adoption and ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States. The significance of such a study results from the position of this amendment as the foundation of the Republican party's programs of national reconstruction and of Indiana as an important state in the movement for ratification. Of necessity, such a presentation involves a careful examination of the background of the two major political parties in Indiana as well as an investigation of the attitude of the state with regard to earch of the problems with which the Fourteenth Amendment attempted to deal.

Human activities that disrupt soil properties are fundamentally changing ecosystems. Soil degradation decreases microbial abundance and activity, leading to changes in nutrient availability, soil organic matter, and plant growth and establishment. Land use and land cover change are widespread and increasing in semiarid regions of the southwestern US, which results in reductions of native plant and microbial abundance and community diversity. Here we studied the effects of soil degradation and amendments (biochar and woodchips) on microbial activity, soil carbon and nitrogen availability, and plant growth of ten semi-arid plants species native to the southwestern US. Results show that woodchip amendments result in poor overall plant growth, while biochar amended soils promoted plant growth when soil quality was reduced. Additionally, amendments had a strong influence on microbial activity, while the presence and species identity of plants did not. Biochar amended soils led to increases in the potential activities of enzymes involved in the degradation of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus rich substrates. Woodchips, caused an increase of potential activity in enzymes involved in the degradation of sugar and proteins. These results show that microbes and plants respond differently to soil treatments and suggest that microbial responses may function as earlier indicators of the success of re-vegetation attempts.

No description available.

In Manitoba, potato fields have been found to be infested with Verticillium dahliae, which can produce Vertcillium wilt disease severity of up to 90% and reduce yield. Potato producers have then an increased interest on use of green manures and organic amendments to control Verticillium wilt. The objectives of this research were to evaluate selected green manure and organic amendments for their ability to reduce propagule density of V. dahliae in soil, incidence and severity of Verticillium wilt, and to enhance potato yield in Manitoba. In addition, a second study was conducted for the purpose of studying the potential of mustard green manure and seed meal to inhibit the germination of microsclerotia. Findings suggest that composted-cattle-manure and oriental mustard seed-meal amendments have promise as an alternative strategy for the control of V. dahliae. However, only composted beef cattle manure reduced disease, increased potato yield and improved nutrient availability (P) in soil

Phytoextraction is an innovative method that can be implemented to remove lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn) from contaminated soil. A two-year field and growth chamber study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of several soil amendments in the phytoextraction or stabilization of Pb, Cd and Zn. Field plots were established at the Memorial Drive Dump site (Muncie, IN). Amendments included composted municipal solid waste (MSW) (25 Mg/ha), dried sewage sludge (SS) (25 Mg/ha), citric acid (2 mmol/kg soil), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (2 mmol/kg soil), and a control. A mixed grass crop was capable of survival and growth in the contaminated soil; in contrast, Helianthus annuus (sunflower) and Ambrosia artemisiifolia (ragweed) failed to become established. Soil Pb and Zn occurred primarily in the carbonate, organic-bound and residual forms (23.1%, 31.8%, and 44.4%, Pb, respectively and 11.4%, 26.5%, and 60.2% Zn, respectively). Soil Cd occurred primarily in the soluble, carbonate, and residual forms (21.8%, 21.3%, and 27.4%, respectively). In a growth chamber leaching study, soil Pb was most rapidly leached from the 0.1 M EDTA treatment (51.7 mg Pb over 200 pore volumes); the 0.001M resulted in the lowest leaching. Soil Pb was most rapidly leached using 0.1 M HEDTA (52.1 mg Pb over 200 pore volumes). The 0.001 M HEDTA rate resulted in lowest Pb leaching. Addition of an NPK solution resulted in minimal Pb leached. The MSW and dried sludge treatments resulted in the greatest dry matter production on the plots. Dry matter production was significantly (p >0.05) higher in the MSW (1.09 MT/ha) and SS (95 MT/ha) treatments. Addition of EDTA, citric acid and MSW significantly (p < 0.05) increased the amount of Cd uptake into plant tissue. The study also demonstrated the ability of vegetation to establish and grow on toxic soil and to uptake Pb, Cd, and Zn. / Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management

How much the writer of this thesis is blazed on the subject of religion can be determined accurately only in his own mind. However, there must be the recognition that a person's background, especially his religious training and church affiliation, has its influence no matter how objectively a religious question is approached in a study. Even though this thesis is concerned with the legal concepts within the oases of the Supreme Court of the United States, the question of religious bias probably has its place, large or small„ Let it suffice to state that the writer is of a Protestant faith, specifically the Presbyterian denomination. The degree that has biased the treatment of the study should be a consideration of the reader, keeping in mindthe reader's own bias.

In Manitoba, potato fields have been found to be infested with Verticillium dahliae, which can produce Vertcillium wilt disease severity of up to 90% and reduce yield. Potato producers have then an increased interest on use of green manures and organic amendments to control Verticillium wilt. The objectives of this research were to evaluate selected green manure and organic amendments for their ability to reduce propagule density of V. dahliae in soil, incidence and severity of Verticillium wilt, and to enhance potato yield in Manitoba. In addition, a second study was conducted for the purpose of studying the potential of mustard green manure and seed meal to inhibit the germination of microsclerotia. Findings suggest that composted-cattle-manure and oriental mustard seed-meal amendments have promise as an alternative strategy for the control of V. dahliae. However, only composted beef cattle manure reduced disease, increased potato yield and improved nutrient availability (P) in soil

<p>This study looked at socio-economic and political constraints on constitutional reform in Swaziland, an independent state with a fully autonomous government that falls under the Monarch who is Head of State. Swaziland maintains strong economic and trading links with South Africa and also maintains such ties with other states, especially in the Southern African Development Community region. Up untill 1973, the country's constitution was Westminister based. This was evoked and replaced with a system designed to facilitate the practice of both western and traditional styles of government. This system incorporated the system known as Tinkhundla and provides for the people to elect candidates to be their parliamentary representatives for specific constituencies.</p>

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Australia, 2005.