Disponibiliza??o do conte?do parcial, conforme Termo de Autoriza??o. / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-02-06T17:43:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) pedro_henrique_oliveira_gomes_parcial.pdf: 166812 bytes, checksum: c52b21dee0bd71b327c054bdb20ce24a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-02-07T13:25:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) pedro_henrique_oliveira_gomes_parcial.pdf: 166812 bytes, checksum: c52b21dee0bd71b327c054bdb20ce24a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-07T13:25:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) pedro_henrique_oliveira_gomes_parcial.pdf: 166812 bytes, checksum: c52b21dee0bd71b327c054bdb20ce24a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / O bioetanol pode ser produzido a partir de materiais lignocelul?sicos, que s?o constitu?dos de carboidratos complexos na forma de celulose, hemicelulose e amido, ampliando as possibilidades de fontes de energias alternativas. Uma dessas s?o os res?duos agr?colas, como as tortas, coprodutos de processos de extra??o mec?nica de ?leos de frutos, sementes e cereais (oleaginosas), que representam um desafio por muitas vezes n?o possu?rem um destino vi?vel ou at? rent?vel que atenda as exig?ncias ambientais. Um desses ? o buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.), fonte de um ?leo com alto teor de caroten?ides representando, assim, aplica??es em ind?strias aliment?cias, cosm?ticas e farmacol?gicas e resultando em ac?mulo de seu material. O trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir da torta de buriti obtida ap?s extra??o mec?nica de seu ?leo. Foi verificado que a torta ? constitu?da por aproximadamente 44% de sua massa por carboidratos livres ou polimerizados. Foram realizados tratamentos qu?micos com solu??es de ?cido dilu?do e base em duas etapas distintas, a fim de promover a remo??o da hemicelulose e lignina. Por fim, foi feita a hidr?lise com complexo enzim?tico de celulases, enzimas que hidrolisam cadeias celul?sicas em monossacar?deos de glicose, substrato utilizado por microrganismos como a levedura Saccharomyces cerevisiae no metabolismo celular, tendo como produto excretado o etanol. Ap?s a hidr?lise enzim?tica, obteve teores de 53,58% (m/m) de glicose liberada do farelo tratado, apresentando um rendimento em torno de 60% (m/m). Com a fermenta??o do hidrolisado, obtido ap?s o tratamento enzim?tico, foi verificada a obten??o de etanol em rendimento (fator de convers?o de substrato em produto, Yp/s) de 0,43 em rela??o ? quantidade de substrato utiliza??o na hidr?lise enzim?tica. O produto obtido foi analisado em cromat?grafo a g?s acoplado ao espectr?metro de massa, confirmando a obten??o de bioetanol. Al?m disso, foram realizadas medidas de microscopia eletr?nica por varredura e difratometria de raios-X, verificando altera??es na estrutura f?sica e morfol?gica do material ao longo do processo. Por fim, ratificou-se a possibilidade de aplicar a torta de buriti na obten??o de etanol de segunda gera??o. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-gradua??o em Biocombust?veis, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016. / Bioethanol can be produced from lignocellulosic materials, that are made up of carbohydrate complexes in the form of cellulose, hemicellulose and starch, expanding the possibilities of alternative energy sources. One of these are agriculture residues, such as pies, co-products of mechanical extraction processes of fruit oils, seeds and cereals (oil), which represent a challenge in many times do not possess a viable or even profitable destination that meets the environmental requirements. One of these is the buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.), source of a oil with high content of carotenes, representing thus, applications in food industries, cosmetic and pharmaceutical, resulting in accumulation of its material. The work was developed from the buriti pie obtained after mechanical extraction of its oil. It was verified that the pie is comprise by approximately 44% of its mass by free carbohydrates or polymerized. Chemical treatments were performed with dilute acid solutions and base in two distinct steps in order to promote the removal of hemicellulose and lignin. Finally, the hydrolysis was done with the enzyme complex of cellulases, enzymes that hydrolyze cellulose chains in monosaccharide glucose, a substrate used by microorganisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast in cell metabolism, with ethanol as the product excreted . After enzymatic hydrolysis, it was obtained content of 53.58% (m/m) of glucose released from the treated bran, showing a yield around 60% (m/m). With the fermentation of the hydrolyzate obtained after the enzymatic treatment was verified obtaining of ethanol in yield (substrate conversion factor in product, Yp / s) of 0.43 compared to the amount of substrate used in the enzymatic hydrolysis. The obtained product was analyzed in a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer, confirming obtaining bioethanol. In addition, were carried out measures of scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, checking changes in physical and morphological structure of the material throughout the process. Finally, ratifies the possibility of applying the buriti pie in getting second-generation ethanol.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-06-15T00:32:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PriscillaFernandesDeFaria_DISSERT.pdf: 470162 bytes, checksum: fa888637c9b8d78f143bf6e83736bce1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-20T19:25:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PriscillaFernandesDeFaria_DISSERT.pdf: 470162 bytes, checksum: fa888637c9b8d78f143bf6e83736bce1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-20T19:25:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PriscillaFernandesDeFaria_DISSERT.pdf: 470162 bytes, checksum: fa888637c9b8d78f143bf6e83736bce1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-05 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a ocorr?ncia de leite inst?vel n?o ?cido nasmesorregi?es oeste e central do Rio Grande do Norte, bem como avaliar a qualidade doleite. Foram analisadas 92 amostras, ao longo de 4 meses, provenientes de 23 tanques deresfriamento. Foi realizado o teste do ?lcool a 68%, 72% e 76%, al?m da mensura??o dopH, acidez, gordura, prote?na, s?lidos totais, nitrog?nio ureico, lactose, case?na e contagemde c?lulas som?ticas. A incid?ncia de LINA foi de 15,91%, e n?o houve diferen?asignificativa na composi??o do LINA em rela??o ao leite est?vel em nenhuma dasgradua??es alco?licas. Nenhuma amostra de LINA apresentou coagula??o na prova dafervura. Tais resultados permitem concluir que apesar das in?meras adversidades clim?ticase nutricionais existentes na regi?o, o LINA n?o representa um problema aparente / The unstable non acid milk (UNAM) is characterized by coagulation in the alcohol test and wanted acidity (14-18?D). Among Brazilian regions, the South and Southeast have the highest occurrence of LINA, which has been causing problems for both producers and for industries, due to the disposal or undervaluation of milk. In the Northeast there are few studies that indicate their occurrence and quality. The objective of this study was to identify the occurrence of unstable non-acid milk in the west and central mesoregions of Rio Grande do Norte, determine their physicochemical characteristics, test alcoholic graduations and evaluate their correlation with the quality of milk. 176 raw milk samples were analyzed in the period from September to December /2014 from 23 APASA?s cooling tanks, located in 7 cities of west and central mesoregions RN. The samples were collected in duplicate, one sample used for alcohol testing at 68, 72 and 76%, measurement of pH, acidity, electrical conductivity and boiling proof, made in LABOLEITE / UFRN; and the other sample containing Bronopol? preservative, was sent to the APCBRH (Cattle Breeders Association Paranaense Holstein) laboratory in Curitiba-PR, which were analyzed fat, protein, total solids, lactose, casein, urea nitrogen and somatic cell count. The test alcohol samples disapproved 31.82%, of which 30% proved to be non-acid, and 30% had high acidity. The samples were divided into three classes: Stable Milk, UNAM and acid milk. 3% Tukey test was used for comparison of stable milk components and UNAM and there was no significant difference between them. Both classes obtained averages within the standard required by IN 62. The average value of electric conductivity was 4.84 mS/cm for stable milk, 4.55 mS/cm for unstable and acid milk and 4.53 mS/cm for non-acid unstable milk. The electrical conductivity was positively correlated with alcohol stability of milk and negative correlation with acidity and pH. Could not observe direct relationship between the electrical conductivity and the somatic cell count.The boiling test was negative for all samples UNAM. It can be concluded that the incidence of UNAM in the studied region is low, although the predisposing factors such as heat stress, drought and nutritional deficiency. In conclusion, the UNAM has quality similar to stable milk, conform the norms required by Agriculture Ministry, and with adequate thermal stability, which proves that there is no reason to reject this milk by industry.