Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. / The necessary skills and knowledge on how to open and manage a business can be mastered but the uncertainties during decision-making, as well as the risks, obstacles and barriers present in the business environment can change established ways of conducting a business. However, identifying the causes of such uncertainties, risks and obstacles is essential as it may reduce the probability of failure in the future, and supports effective policy-making. The purpose of this thesis was to examine the factors contributing to the failure of small enterprises in the Luanda province in Angola, with three specific objectives: to assess the critical management and financial factors; to examine the effect of market competition; and to assess the factors in the economic conditions associated with the causes of small business failures. Recommendations made to government could mitigate the high number of business failures. Similar studies were conducted in countries other than Angola. As alarmingly high rates of business failure exist in Angola, this study sought to examine the factors associated with such failures. This research was conducted under a positivism theoretical perspective and a quantitative research method was adopted. A questionnaire was the primary data collection instrument and the snowball sampling technique was employed. Questionnaires were distributed to 130 small business owners and managers who had experienced business failures and 108 questionnaires were collected. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used to analyse the quantitative data which was collected. Results were statistically descriptive in nature and presented in tables, pie charts, and bar charts. The results indicated that critical factors which influenced the failure of small enterprises in Angola were: small business owners and managers lacked knowledge of business systems; small business owners and managers lacked financial accounting skills; and negligence by small business owners and managers in planning and controlling business resources. This indicates that institutions do not actively promote entrepreneurship knowledge and skills development and there is an absence of successful entrepreneur role models and business mentors or coaches for entrepreneurial capacity-building. Among others factors influencing business failure in Viana, this study identified a lack of economic support and availability of fundamental business resources such as raw material, skilled people and finance, rigid policy-making regulations, and a high level of corruption and theft in the country, to the extent that the small business may lack money and is unable to continue operations.The study recommends that since most small businesses operate on a basis of sole decision-making, it is important that the entrepreneur/manager should make a concerted effort to acquire the necessary knowledge and skills in management and finance systems, primarily to start a business or as needed, so that risk and probability of failure can be reduced. Policy-making should consider support structures for entrepreneurial capacity building, increase the production of primary products and raw material, provide entrepreneurial training and skills development (higher education), and develop mechanisms to allow easy access to information, reduce trading restrictions and reduce crime.

This study focussed on determining the knowledge and understanding of Angolan women pertaining to the causes and consequences of HIV/AIDS with the aim of developing an information leaflet about HIV/AIDS for disseminating information to the vulnerable community. A quantitative approach was applied using an exploratory and descriptive design, utilising a self-developed questionnaire to collect the data, from 100 females who accompanied sick children to a specific hospital in Luanda. The findings indicated that even though the respondents were aware of certain key issues in the transmission and consequences of the HIV infection, there were many areas in which a great measure of uncertainty existed such as the causes of the disease, prevention methods, risk factors and precautions to take when living with an HIV positive person. Recommendations were made in view of enhancing the distribution of information regarding the causes and consequences of HIV and AIDS by means of different structures. / HEALTH STUDIES / MA (HEALTH STUDIES)

This study focussed on determining the knowledge and understanding of Angolan women pertaining to the causes and consequences of HIV/AIDS with the aim of developing an information leaflet about HIV/AIDS for disseminating information to the vulnerable community. A quantitative approach was applied using an exploratory and descriptive design, utilising a self-developed questionnaire to collect the data, from 100 females who accompanied sick children to a specific hospital in Luanda. The findings indicated that even though the respondents were aware of certain key issues in the transmission and consequences of the HIV infection, there were many areas in which a great measure of uncertainty existed such as the causes of the disease, prevention methods, risk factors and precautions to take when living with an HIV positive person. Recommendations were made in view of enhancing the distribution of information regarding the causes and consequences of HIV and AIDS by means of different structures. / HEALTH STUDIES / MA (HEALTH STUDIES)

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This dissertation is a case study of the Zango social housing project in Luanda, the capital of the southern African state of Angola. Through an examination of the Zango project, which was born on the cusp of peace after nearly 30 years of civil war in 2002, I provide insight into the nature, workings and possible outcomes of post-war state-led development in Angola under non-democratic conditions. I do so by analyzing how the Angolan state ‘sees’ and does development, as well as how this development works. Empirically, this thesis argues that post-war state-led development is controlled by the Angolan presidency and financed and managed through extra-governmental arrangements. This both enables as well as limits state-led development as it allows for the maintenance of a gap between a ‘parallel’ and the formal state of Angola. In this process, local governments and citizens are largely side-lined as development actors. Yet, through an analysis of local governance and housing allocation arrangements in Zango, I show that the formal Angolan state is no empty shell and that its officials and those they engage with may operate in ways that take ownership of development directed from above. Theoretically, this thesis then argues for a research approach to the African state and state-led development that is empirically grounded. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis is ‘n gevallestudie van die Zango sosiale behuisingsprojek in Luanda, die hoofstad van die Suider-Afrikaanse staat van Angola. Ek poog om insig te gee in die aard, aktiwiteite en moontlike resultate van na-oologse staatsgeïnisieerde ontwikkeling in Angola onder nie-demokratiese toestande deur ‘n ontleding van die behuisingsprojek wat in 2002, met die aanbreek van vrede na die 30 jaar burgeroorlog, aangevang het. Dit word gedoen deur ‘n analise van hoe die Angolese staat ontwikkeling ‘sien’ en onderneem, sowel as hoe ontwikkeling ontplooi. Hierdie tesis redeneer dat empiries staatsgeleide ontwikkeling na die oorlog beheer word deur die Angolese Presidensie en gefinansieer en bestuur word deur buite-staatsinstellings. Dit fasiliteer sowel as beperk ontwikkeling omdat dit ‘n gaping tussen ‘n ‘parallele’ en die formele Angolese staat handhaaf. Hierdie proses sluit beide plaaslike regering en burgers grootliks as ontwikkelingsakteurs uit. Deur middel van ‘n ontleding van die plaaslike bestuur en die toekenning van wooneenhede in Zango, toon ek aan dat die formele staat tog nie ‘n lëe dop is nie en dat amptenare en ander betrokkenes eienaarskap van ontwikkeling gerig van bo kan neem. Dus, teoreties, word aanspraak gemaak vir ‘n benadering tot die staat en staatsgeïnisieerde ontwikkeling in Afrika wat empiries gefundeer is.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:55:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TiagoSocioambiental.pdf: 19920273 bytes, checksum: afc1034c1889b7a2d804e969af1d0c12 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The research problem presented in this dissertation rises from the promise made by the government of Angola which is to build, in the period of 2008 to 2012, one million habitation units at national level. This is a national project, announced during the parliamentary elections of 2008, a scene of destruction 26 years of civil war from 1976 to 2002. Such project has, among other objectives, to transform Angola into a prosperous country, where hunger and poverty has to be eradicated, by having an efficient administration and a strong, democratic and modern State, giving the Angolan people the highest standards of living and social welfare. The objective of this study was to describe the implementation of the Project Habitação um Desafio para Todos in the suburbs Zango I and II, located in Luanda, capital of Angola, from the perspective of individuals who were benefited by it. The methodology used in this research was based on a qualitative research which is supported by semistructured interviews, whose target audience were twenty-three people, including fourteen residents of the suburbs Zango I and II, and three residents of the old housing project in the Colonial District Congolese/Luanda. Five people of this project were also interviewed, including the general director of the NGO Action for Rural Development and Environment ANDRA. In addition, participative observations were made, as well as official documents were used from programs and projects of the Angolan government, including sources of national and international civil organizations. Among the main results, it is highlighted that the government decreased the target of one million homes to 350,091. The suburbs Zango I, II and III have recently ten thousand social habitation units and about 160,000 residents from the peripheral suburbs of the city, but there is still a lack of portable water and hospital, mainly. It was also observed that the part of the displaced population in the city centre is still accommodated in temporary shelters made of zinc sheets, in poor conditions, while they wait for the possession of their habitation units. Among the conclusions, it was observed that the way of planning and decisions extremely centralized in the top of the central government have contributed to the disorganization in the process of monitoring the quality of the work, as well as in the goal accomplishments, taking into account that if such scenery remains, the suburbs Zango I and II will be in the eminence of growing slums / O problema de pesquisa desta dissertação parte da promessa feita pelo governo de Angola em construir, no período dos anos 2008 a 2012, um milhão de habitações em nível nacional. Trata-se de um projeto de âmbito nacional, lançado no período da realização das eleições legislativas de 2008, em um cenário de destruição de 26 anos de guerra civil, de 1976 a 2002. Tal projeto visa, dentre outros objetivos, à transformação de Angola num país próspero, em que seja erradicada a fome e a miséria, com uma administração eficiente e um Estado forte, democrático e moderno, proporcionando ao povo angolano os mais altos padrões de vida e de bem estar social. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a implantação do projeto Habitação um desafio para todos , nos bairros Zango I e II, localizados na província de Luanda, capital da República de Angola, a partir da perspectiva dos sujeitos beneficiados pelo mesmo. A metodologia utilizada foi baseada na pesquisa qualitativa, com o apoio entrevistas semiestruturadas, cujo público alvo foi 23 atores, dos quais, quatorze moradores dos bairros Zango I e II, três moradores do antigo projeto habitacional colonial no bairro Congolenses/Luanda. Foram também entrevistados cinco responsáveis ligados ao projeto habitação um desafio para todos, e o Diretor Geral da ONG-Ação para o Desenvolvimento Rural e Ambiente ADRA. Por outro lado, ocorreram observações participativas, além de terem sido utilizados documentos oficiais de programas e projetos do governo angolano, bem como fontes de informação de organizações civis nacionais e internacionais. Entre os principais resultados, destaca-se que o governo diminuiu a meta de um milhão de habitações para 350.091. Os bairros Zangos I, II E III contam, atualmente, com dez mil habitações sociais e cerca de 160.000 moradores provenientes dos bairros periféricos da cidade, mas ainda há carência de água potável e hospitais principalmente. Verificou-se, também, que parte da população desalojada do centro da cidade ainda se encontra alojada em abrigos provisórios feitos de tendas e chapas de zinco, em condições carentes, enquanto aguardam pela posse da habitação. Entre as principais conclusões, constatou-se que, o planejamento e decisões extremamente centralizadas no topo do governo central têm contribuído nas falhas e desorganização no processo de fiscalização da qualidade das obras e no cumprimento das metas, acreditando que se tal cenário permanecer, Zangos estarão na eminência de favelização