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The Lewis Camp Mound (8JE182), Jefferson County, FloridaKratt, Henry J. Marrinan, Rochelle A. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--Florida State University, 2005. / Advisor: Rochelle A. Marrinan, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Anthropology. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Feb.1, 2006). Document formatted into pages; contains x, 126 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
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Archaeology, human impacts, and historical ecology on San Miguel Island, California /Braje, Todd J., January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 339-383).
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Isotopes in the landscape : carbon and nitrogen isotopes of domestic animals and their application to the archaeology of the Upper and Middle Thames Valley in the Neolithic to Roman periodsHamilton, Julie January 2015 (has links)
This thesis deals with the development of farming landscapes in the Thames Valley from the Neolithic to the Roman period (4000 BCE - 410 CE). The focus is on the major domestic animal species, cattle, sheep and pig, and their roles in the agroecosystem, traced using carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios measured in collagen. The large dataset of faunal isotope values from a limited area, obtained from sites with extensive archaeological and environmental information, allowed a thorough characterisation of variability in isotope values, within and between species, sites, archaeological periods, and landscape regions. Isotope ratios in a flock of modern sheep showed less variability than archaeological assemblages. Linear mixed models were used to analyse variation in isotope values in 1490 archaeological samples from 23 sites. The pattern of change over time differed for cattle, sheep and pig, reflecting both wide-scale environmental change and changes in animal management. d13C values of cattle and pigs reflected the loss of primary closed-canopy woodland. Pig management changed from an emphasis on woodland resources to a closer association with settlement and consumption of anthropogenic waste. Herbivore d15N values probably reflect variations in the intensity of pasture use and association with arable farming. Climatic cooling since the post-glacial thermal maximum cannot explain these varied trajectories of change. Variation between sites in faunal isotope values was related to landscape regions. Faunal isotope values at individual sites were useful in site interpretation in the context of other evidence. The trend in pig and cattle δ13C values with time was widely found in the UK, as expected if it represents forest clearance. In the Neolithic, cattle management was similar to the UK at central and eastern European Neolithic sites, but pig management was different. Patterns of faunal isotope values and their changes over time, analysed in the context of archaeological and environmental information, can contribute to the interpretation of sites, and give a unique perspective on changes in farming practice and their effects on the landscape.
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La "micro-archéologie": méthode et applications sur des sites de Wallonie et de la Région bruxelloiseLaurent, Christine January 2001 (has links)
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Proto-Huron/Petun and proto-St. Lawrence Iroquoian subsistence as culturally defining.Stewart, Frances L. January 1997 (has links)
No description available.
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KwaGandaganda : an archaeozoological case study of the exploitation of animal resources during the early Iron Age in KwaZulu-NatalBeukes, Catharina F. 11 1900 (has links)
KwaGandaganda is an Early Iron Age (EIA) site in the .Mngeni valley (KwaZulu-Nata~ South
Africa). Three cultural phases, Msuluzi, Ndondondwane and Ntshekane, dating between AD 620-
AD 1030 were identified. The objective was to establish the extent of animal exploitation during
the EIA in KwaZulu-Natal by means of faunal analysis, using internationally accepted methods.
The collection included 41 006 fragments of which 22.9% were identifiable. A large number of
species (68) were identified, including Rattus rattus. The collection yielded the largest quantity of
ivory chips ever found on an EIA site in southern Africa, as well as an extensive variety of
pathological specimens, mostly from Bos taurus. Several possible divining bones were present in
the sample. Herd management, hunting strategies, gathering activities, fishing and trading of animal
goods during the EIA were discussed, while the consequences of the unique excavation methods
(i.e. the use of bulldozers) were also commented upon. / Anthropology and Archaeology / M.A. (Anthropology)
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The evolution of the black wildebeest, Connochaetes gnou, and modern largemammal faunas in central Southern AfricaBrink, James Simpson 12 1900 (has links)
Thesis (PhD (Archaeology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005. / This study investigates the evolution of modern mammalian faunas in the central interior of
southern Africa by testing the hypothesis that the evolution of the black wildebeest, Connochaetes
gnou, was directly associated with the emergence of Highveld-type open grasslands in the central
interior.
Southern Africa can be distinguished from other arid and semi-arid parts of the continent by the
presence of an alliance of endemic grazing ungulates. The black wildebeest is characteristic of this
alliance. Open habitats are essential for the reproductive behaviour of the black wildebeest, because
territorial males require an unobstructed view of their territories in order to breed. The specialised
territorial breeding behaviour of the black wildebeest is the reason why the black wildebeest is
historically confined to the Highveld and Karoo areas and why it is reproductively isolated from
sympatric blue wildebeest, Connochaetes taurinus. The finds from a number of fossil-rich
localities, dating from the recent past to approximately a million years ago, have been identified.
The remains referred to ancestral C. gnou have been subjected to detailed qualitative and
quantitative osteological comparisons with cranial and post-cranial elements of modern and fossil
reference specimens. This material includes extant southern African alcelaphines and fossil
materials of C. gnou, the extinct giant wildebeest, Megalotragus priscus, and North African fossil
alcelaphines. The results show that cranial changes in fossil C. gnou, particularly the more forward
positioning of the horns, basal inflation of the horns and the resultant re-organisation of the
posterior part of the skull, preceded other skeletal modifications. These cranial changes indicate a
shift towards more specialised territorial breeding behaviour in the earliest ancestral black
wildebeest, evident in the specimens of the c. million year old Free State site of Cornelia-Uitzoek.
Since the territorial breeding behaviour of the black wildebeest can only function in open habitat
and since cranial characters associated with its territorial breeding behaviour preceded other
morphological changes, it is deduced that there was a close association between the speciation of C.
gnou from a C. taurinus-like ancestor and the appearance of permanently open Highveld-type
grasslands in the central interior of southern Africa. This deduction is supported by the lack of
trophic distinction between the modern black and blue wildebeest, suggesting that the evolution of
the black wildebeest was not accompanied by an ecological shift. It is concluded that the evolution
of a distinct southern endemic wildebeest in the Pleistocene was associated with, and possibly
driven by, a shift towards a more specialised kind of territorial breeding behaviour, which can only
funtion in open habitat.
There are significant post-speciation changes in body size and limb proportions of fossil C. gnou
through time. The tempo of change has not been constant and populations in the central interior
underwent marked reduction in body size in the last 5000 years. Vicariance in fossil C. gnou is
evident in different rates of change that are recorded in the populations of generally smaller body
size that became isolated in the Cape Ecozone. These daughter populations, the result of dispersals
from the central interior, became extinct at the end of the Pleistocene.
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Seventeenth-century foodways of british puritans at preacher’s cave, Eleuthera, Bahamas: zooarchaeological and historical evidenceUnknown Date (has links)
British colonization of the Bahamian island of Eleuthera began in the mid-‐ seventeenth century with the arrival of Puritans who came from Bermuda, seeking refuge from religious
persecution. Funded by a group of British investors called the Eleutherian Adventurers, This first group of settlers shipwrecked and took refuge in a cave, now known as Preacher’s Cave, where they adapted to the island’s maritime tropical environment. Archaeological excavations conducted at Preacher’s Cave recovered a large quantity of faunal remains. This thesis presents an analysis of these materials and compares the resultant findings to existing historical records pertaining to this settlement. Whereas historical sources document chronic shortages of imported food supplies, the archaeological faunal assemblage demonstrates that the Preacher’s Cave settlers relied primarily upon available resources of the sea and nearby habitats. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2014. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection
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Ponds, rivers and bison freezers : evaluating a behavioral ecological model of hunter-gatherer mobility on Idaho's Snake River PlainHenrikson, Lael Suzann, 1959- 12 1900 (has links)
xviii, 326 p. : ill. (some col.), maps. A print copy of this title is available through the UO Libraries under the call number: KNIGHT GN799 .F6 H46 2002 / Archaeological evidence indicates that cold storage of bison meat was
consistently practiced on the eastern Snake River Plain over the last 8000 years.
Recent excavations in three cold lava tube caves have revealed a distinctive artifact
assemblage of elk antler tines, broken handstones, and bison bone in association with
frozen sagebrush features. Similar evidence has also been discovered in four other
caves within the region.
A patch choice model was utilized in this study to address how the long-term
practice of caching bison meat in cold caves may have functioned in prehistoric
subsistence patterns. Because the net return rate for bison was critical to the model,
the hunting success of fur trappers occupying the eastern Snake River Plain during
the early 1800s, as recorded in their daily journals, was examined and quantified. According to the model, the productivity of cold storage caves must be evaluated
against the productivity of other patches on the eastern Snake River Plain, such as
ephemeral ponds and linear river corridors from season to season and year to year.
The model suggests that residential bases occurred only within river resource
patches while ephemeral ponds and ice caves would contain sites indicative of
seasonal base camps.
The predictions of the model were tested against documented archaeological
data from the Snake River Plain through the examination of Geographic Information
Systems data provided by the Idaho Bureau of Land Management. The results of
this analysis indicate that seasonal base camps are directly associated with both
ephemeral and perennial water sources, providing strong support for the model's
predictions. Likewise, the temporal distribution of sites within the study area
indicates that climate change over the last 8000 years was not dramatic enough to
alter long-term subsistence practices in the region. The long-term use of multiple
resource patches across the region also confirms that, although the high return rates
for bison made them very desirable prey, the over-all diet breadth for the eastern
Snake River Plain was broad and included a variety of large and small game and
plant foods. Bison and cold storage caves were a single component in a highly
mobile seasonal round that persisted for some 8000 years, down to the time of
written history in the 19th Century. / Committee in charge: Dr. C. Melvin Aikens, Chair; Dr. Lawrence Sugiyama ;
Dr. Jon Erlandson ;
Dr. Dennis Jenkins ;
Dr. Cathy Whitlock ;
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KwaGandaganda : an archaeozoological case study of the exploitation of animal resources during the early Iron Age in KwaZulu-NatalBeukes, Catharina F. 11 1900 (has links)
KwaGandaganda is an Early Iron Age (EIA) site in the .Mngeni valley (KwaZulu-Nata~ South
Africa). Three cultural phases, Msuluzi, Ndondondwane and Ntshekane, dating between AD 620-
AD 1030 were identified. The objective was to establish the extent of animal exploitation during
the EIA in KwaZulu-Natal by means of faunal analysis, using internationally accepted methods.
The collection included 41 006 fragments of which 22.9% were identifiable. A large number of
species (68) were identified, including Rattus rattus. The collection yielded the largest quantity of
ivory chips ever found on an EIA site in southern Africa, as well as an extensive variety of
pathological specimens, mostly from Bos taurus. Several possible divining bones were present in
the sample. Herd management, hunting strategies, gathering activities, fishing and trading of animal
goods during the EIA were discussed, while the consequences of the unique excavation methods
(i.e. the use of bulldozers) were also commented upon. / Anthropology and Archaeology / M.A. (Anthropology)
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