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This thesis provides a model for understanding how social classes arose in the Gulf of Georgia area. This model distinguishes how social status in rank and a class societies are manifested and maintained in non-state, kin-based societies, drawing mainly from ethnographic descriptions. The relationship between the living and the dead for making status claims in both rank and class societies makes the archaeological study of mortuary ritual important for investigating these relationships. I propose that burial mounds and cairns, which were prominent in the region from 1500 to 1000 years ago, reflect a time when status differentiation was defined mainly through social rank. Following this period, when all forms of below-ground burials cease and above-ground graves become the dominant form of mortuary practice, I propose that the historically recorded pattern of social class emerged. Archaeological investigations of the burial mounds and cairns at the Scowlitz site have provided the first fully reported instances of mound and cairn burials in this region. Using less well reported data from over 150 additional burial mounds and cairns reported from other sites in the region, evidence for the nature of status differentiation sought out. Patterns in the burial record are investigated through discussing variation within classes of burials, demography and deposition, spatial patterning, grave goods, and temporal variation. These patterns and changes are then discussed within the context of the larger culture history of the region, suggesting that the late Marpole or Garrison sub-phase may be defined as ending around 1000 BP with the cessation of below-ground burial practices. The general patterns observed in mound and cairn burials and the changes in mortuary ritual subsequent to their being built generally support the idea of a shift from a rank to a class society. The thesis provides a basis for further investigation of questions of social status and inequality in the Gulf of Georgia region.

The goal of the present study is the description and analysis of the material found on the E. H. II site (Area A) situated near Lake Vouliagméni on the Perakhora peninsula. The study includes a description of the stratigraphy and architecture of the site and of the material (ceramics, lithics) found in the building. For the analysis of the material, statistics were widely used to give more precision to the descriptions. The objects were also compared to contemporaneous material. The conclusion consist of a functional analysis of each of the rooms of the building. / La présente étude a pour but de décrire et d’analyser le matériel retrouvé sur le site H. A. II (secteur A) situé près du lac Vouliagméni, dans la péninsule de Perakhora. L’ étude comprend une description de la stratigraphie et de l’architecture du site, ainsi que du matériel (céramique, lithique) contenu dans l’édifice. Au cours de l’analyse du matériel, on a fait un abondant usage des statistiques afin de donner plus de précision aux descriptions. Les objets ont aussi été mis en parallèle avec leurs contemporains. La conclusion consiste en une analyse fonctionnelle de chacune des pièces de l’édifice découvert.