This thesis sets out to re-locate and redefine the historical arguments around the development of the Modern Movement in architecture. It investigates the development of architectural modernism in Central Europe from 1895-1939 in the towns and cities of the multinational Habsburg Empire, in a creative milieu in which opposition, contrast and difference were the norm. It argues that the evolution of the Modern Movement through the independent nations that arose from the Empire constituted an early and significant engagement with urbanisation, planning and architectural modernism that has been largely overlooked by western scholarship. By reviewing the extant literature in discussion with Central European authorities and by drawing upon a little known range of sources, this thesis brings into focus the role of key individuals such as Plečnik, Fabiani and Kotěra and it explores the significance of developments in town planning in places like Zagreb and Ljubljana. In restoring some of this missing detail and revisiting some of the key sites, the thesis reveals how Central European individuals made early and significant contributions to the development of architectural modernism and the Modern Movement that have hitherto received little critical acknowledgement. What this research reveals is how these figures developed what can be seen as local solutions, rooted in the context and culture of individual towns and cities and their unique histories. However more significantly, this thesis also demonstrates that these independent initiatives were formed with an understanding of - and in response to - wider national and international developments in the field of architectural modernism. In this connection, the thesis can be regarded as part of an emerging academic effort to redress the history of the Modern Movement and an attempt to set in motion a raft of suggestion for further research into this rich field of cultural endeavour.

This research examines the hypothesis that more historic wrought iron minor architectural details (for example hinges, latches and brackets) survive than is often realised. It proves that they are often some of the oldest material in a building, having specific characteristics which are the result of their working and which influence design. Consequently, special consideration needs to be given to their conservation. They also demonstrate the skills of many unknown artisans who deserve greater recognition and appreciation for their roles in the country’s architectural and social history. The work is divided into three parts. The first part examines the development of the blacksmith’s craft, referring specifically to minor architectural details, the materials from which they were made, design development and the individuals involved in the craft. The second is a survey of a representative sample of extant historic ironwork details in Lincolnshire, examining their age, type and style, with an overview of their condition. The third is an evaluation of past and present methods of conservation of this material. The appendices show illustrations of some of the items discussed, and a gazetteer of historic ironwork identified in the survey. The original funding for this study was specifically for research in a field concerned with historic crafts or materials, with particular reference to Lincolnshire. It therefore concentrates on extant examples of wrought ironwork in the county from c1200 AD to c1860 AD, principally the work of individual craftsmen prior to their increased absorption into mass production industries. The significant role played by Cistercian monks and lay brothers of Lincolnshire monasteries in the development of the craft is considered, and some of the few records of Lincolnshire smiths which survive in local archives are examined, producing a greater insight into their involvement in this work than has been published previously.

Thesis. 1976. M.ArchAS--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Architecture. / Microfiche copy available in Archives and Rotch. / Bibliography: leaves 163-164. / M.ArchAS

published_or_final_version / Chinese Historical Studies / Master / Master of Arts

No description available.

Thesis (M.Arch.)--University of Detroit Mercy, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 157-158).

Thesis (M.Arch.)--University of Detroit Mercy, 2006. / "1 May 2006". Includes bibliographical references (p. 200-204).

Thesis (M.Arch.)--University of Detroit Mercy, 2010. / "30 April 2010". Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-77).

No description available.

It would seem that it is in times of change and transition, when identities are being re-assessed or rewritten, that society looks to the past for guidance hoping to gain knowledge of how to “go on in the world”; it is a search for some meaningful, useable past that can be used as a springing point for present and future development. This dissertation forms a component of a similar search. It asks what the value of the past and cultural memory, a group phenomenon, is to present and future societies. Most importantly it investigates how architecture engages with cultural memory, asks what the nature of the engagement is and what the advantages of such an engagement are to people. The investigation tackles the issue of architecture as a form of non-verbal communication and investigates how that communication is carried out and in particular the modes it assumes when communicating cultural memory – it asks where cultural memory is located in architecture. The aim of this research is to formulate methods or professional attitudes which could obviate the role architecture could continue to play in the evolution of society. / Thesis (M.Arch.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2011.