Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1959. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 430-451).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1962. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1960. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-102).

O biossólido pode ser um valioso recurso ao ser utilizado em solos agrícolas; porém, um dos principais problemas de sua utilização é a presença de patógenos que podem disseminar doenças. Os principais patógenos presentes no biossólido são vírus, bactérias, protozoários e helmintos. Dentre os patógenos existentes no biossólido, os ovos de helmintos são os mais resistentes à inativação térmica e, para helmintos, os ovos de Ascaris são utilizados como indicador desses parasitas devido à comum ocorrência e resistência térmica. Dentre os processos efetivos existentes para inativar patógenos do biossólido - compostagem, secagem e tratamento térmico, digestão aeróbia termofílica, irradiação com raios beta e gama e pasteurização - este último, utilizando como fonte de calor o vapor saturado gerado a partir da queima do metano produzido em digestores anaeróbios de ETEs convencionais, é um processo de tecnologia simples, com baixo custo de implantação e operação e necessita de pequena área para implantação, sendo indicado para grandes metrópoles de países em desenvolvimento. A inativação térmica de helmintos do biossólido é o objetivo deste projeto de pesquisa. São estudadas as cinéticas de inativação térmica de ovos de Ascaris suum em água e em biossólido digerido, utilizando-se reator batelada aquecido diretamente com vapor saturado. Aplicando-se o método integral, foram determinadas a ordem das reações, as constantes específicas de morte térmica e as energias de ativação. Os ovos de Ascaris suum utilizados no trabalho foram obtidos do útero de fêmeas adultas, e o método de Yanko foi empregado para recuperação dos ovos do biossólido digerido. A inativação térmica de ovos de Ascaris em água e em biossólido digerido em processo contínuo também foi estudada por meio da modelagem matemática de um reator tubular. Os modelos propostos foram o reator tubular isotérmico com perfil de escoamento não ideal e o reator tubular com perfil axial de temperatura e escoamento tubular ideal. O primeiro foi o que melhor ajustou-se aos dados experimentais. / Biological sludge can be a valuable resource for agricultural soil conditioning. However, an important obstacle for its use is the usual presence of pathogenic organisms, capable of disease dissemination. The main occurring pathogens are virus, bacteria, protozoa and helminth. Helminth eggs are very resistant to thermal inactivation. The Ascaris lumbricoids sp. are by far the most conspicuous and resistant among helminths, reason why they have been chosen as indicator organisms for this research. The main available systems to inactivate sludge pathogens are composting, drying and thermal treatment, anaerobic thermofilic digestion, beta and gamma radiation, and pasteurization. Pasteurization through application of saturated steam, produced from burning of methane gas, generated in anaerobic digestors is a very simple technology involving low capital costs and needing relatively small areas for implementation. It can be a valuable technology to attend conditions prevailing in large metropolitan areas of industrializing countries. Thermal inactivation of helminth eggs in water and sludge is the main purpose of this investigation. Kinetics studies of thermal inactivation by saturated steam was performed using batch reactors. Application of the integral method has allowed for the determination of reaction orders, the specific constants of thermal die away as well as the activation energies. The helminth eggs (Ascaris suum) utilized have been obtained from uterus of adult females and the Yanko method was utilized for the recovery of eggs from the digested sludge. In the same way the thermal inactivation of Ascaris eggs in water and in digested sludge has been performed in continuous process by mathematical modeling of a plug flow reactor. The proposed models were the isothermic plug flow reactor with a non-ideal flow profile and with an axial temperature profile and ideal flow. The experimental data has shown a better adjustment to the isothermic plug flow reactor.

A complex which synthesized glycogen de novo has been purifiedfrom Ascaris suum. This complex (GS-2) consists of a 66 KDa protein, a 140 KDa protein, and a>330 KDa glycoprotein.

Thesis (M.S.)--Bowling Green State University, 2009. / Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 36 p. : ill. Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

This research involved survey, laboratory and field studies. First, an evaluation of the present status of intestinal parasitic infections was made in the Jordanian population. Second, laboratory investigations were conducted on the development of a new technique to detect the viability of Ascaris eggs. Third, field studies were carried out to investigate the survival and occurrence of indigenous parasite eggs and indicator pathogens in domestic waste sludges in Jordan. Field investigations were also conducted on the effect of open natural drying beds on the inactivation of parasite eggs and bacterial pathogens. The results of this study and a survey of available literature indicated a need for a universally accepted definition of a "viable" Ascaris egg. A staining technique for detecting Ascaris egg viability was developed in conjunction with research studies of Ascaris eggs in sludge. The vital stain Crystal violet showed high correlation with the incubation method, and was more precise than the other stains tested. Crystal violet showed the best spontaneous detection of changes in egg viability and, within certain limits, it was found to be a strong indicator of the state of egg viability; furthermore it did not show any evidence of toxicity. In the staining method, Crystal violet stain is added directly to an egg preparation and observations are then made immediately using a light microscope. The results are available in only 10 minutes, compared to the 30 days required for the Incubation method. Since only stained or unstained eggs were observed, the method is less subjective than the Incubation method. In order to evaluate the versatility of the staining method, the effect of UV light and temperature was also investigated. The ultimate disposal of domestic wastewater treatment plant sludges has been recognised recently as a problem in Jordan, and has never previously been investigated from the point of view of pathogen survival and transmission. This study showed that a huge volume of sludge (36,600 m3 dry weight basis) accumulated from 1985-1993 in six anaerobic ponds, now requires desludging, treatment and disposal. Anaerobic pond sludges displayed some physico-chemical similarities to digested primary sludge. This research concludes that sludge drying beds can be an effective method for inactivating parasite eggs, particularly in warmer geographic locations, and thus the treated sludge can be considered safe in terms of parasite transmission for application to agricultural land. Ascaris eggs had degenerated when the percentage of total solids was recorded as more than 88%; this took a shorter time in sand than in gravel drying beds. The inactivation of Ascaris eggs in drying beds is probably due to more factors than desiccation alone. Temperature, oxygen content, solar radiation, exposure time, mould activity, type of sludge, type of media etc., may also affect survival of the eggs. Anaerobic pond sludge bacterial counts showed higher resistance to desiccation and treatment conditions in drying beds compared with oxidation ditch sludge.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1965. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.