Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:09:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 parte1.pdf: 1278114 bytes, checksum: 36e838178d1e07ac478d0563fa4ff51d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The utilization of residues of the footwear s industry, especially E.V.A. residues(Ethilene Vinil Acetate) in the Civil Construction Industry has been the focus of the researches. It is known that such residues can be used as artificial aggregates instead of natural aggregates in the production of lightweight cement composites. The focus of this research is the mechanical conduct of EVA blocks (normal dimensions) isolated and applied in prisms and masonries. The EVA block was also evaluated in real scale in LABEME and compared with a soil-cement prototype and theoretical results. Tests of horizontal impacts and interactions between masonries and others elements of the building( abrupt shutting door tests and suspended pieces effects in walls) took place. Based on the results, the conclusion is that it is possible to propose blocks with 60% of EVA aggregate, substituting natural aggregates in volume, having a minimum resistance to compression over or equal 1,0 MPa (in Laboratory molding), that are confirmed compatible with the non-structural function. Thus, it s believed that the perspectives for the viability of the utilization of this residue in the manufacture of blocks for civil construction are very good. This will certainly contribute for a double reduction of negative impacts in the environment, as long as it offers an alternative destiny to such residues and a consummation reduction of natural resources (sand and hail), promoting the sustainable development for the activity of civil construction. / O aproveitamento de resíduos produzidos pela indústria de calçados (aparas da produção de solas e palmilhas obtidas a partir de mantas de E.V.A. - Etileno Acetato de Vinila) na construção civil tem sido meta de pesquisas recentes. Sabe-se que tais resíduos têm grande potencial para serem empregados como agregados artificiais sintéticos, em substituição aos agregados naturais, na elaboração de compósitos cimentícios leves. O foco desta pesquisa é o comportamento mecânico dos blocos EVA1 (dimensões convencionais) isoladamente e quando os mesmos são aplicados em prismas e alvenarias. Para o bloco EVA1 avaliou-se o desempenho de protótipo em escala real, construído no LABEME e se comparou aos resultados com o protótipo, também em escala real, executado com blocos solo-cimento e referenciais teóricos. Foram realizados nesse protótipo ensaios de impactos horizontais (corpo mole e corpo duro) nas alvenarias e ensaios de interações entre as alvenarias e outros elementos da construção (fechamentos bruscos das portas e efeito de peças suspensas na parede). Com base nos resultados obtidos, tendo em vista o atendimento aos critérios e requisitos de impactos, pode-se concluir que é possível propor blocos de vedação com 60% de agregado EVA, substituindo em volume os agregados naturais, tendo resistência à compressão mínima maior ou igual 1,0MPa (em moldagem no Laboratório), que são comprovadamente compatíveis com a função não estrutural. Assim, acredita-se que são boas as perspectivas para a viabilização do aproveitamento desses resíduos na confecção de blocos de vedação a serem aplicados nas edificações. Isso contribuirá seguramente para uma dupla redução de impactos negativos no meio ambiente, na medida em que oferece uma alternativa ao destino para tais resíduos e uma redução do consumo de recursos naturais (areia e pedrisco), favorecendo o desenvolvimento sustentável para a atividade da construção civil.

Sustainable development is a principal concept for housing, urban infrastructure, energetics, transportation, or business. Fragmentation of concept definition is a result of abusive term overuse by the entire society. In 2015 UNECE established a clear sustainable housing definition through The Geneva UN Charter on Sustainable Housing and its 34 Rationales. The UN encourages its member states to measure progress in sustainable development through existing or newly developed indicators. Existing commercial housing evaluation tools are insufficient for the Geneva UN Charter concept. Initially, the tools measured the so-called greenness of buildings overlooking anthropocentric and social qualities of housing underlined in the UN Geneva Charter. Commercial certification tools heavily reliant on profits often utilize incorrect concepts of sustainability. That results in false sustainability. This work aspires to introduce a transparent housing sustainability assessment tool for the Czech Republic. Firstly, were identified unique phenomena outlining the concept of housing sustainability. To identified phenomena were consequently nominated and assigned appropriate indicators. While in a different situation is housing interpreted as a human environment, building, home, investment, or fundamental human...

During the recent years, the Swedish housing market has developed into a topic of major interest, both domestically and internationally. The sky-rocketing prices, the uprising demand together with the housing shortage, and the market bubble ongoing debate, have resulted in the discussion of risk being more relevant than ever before. Literature is vast and knowledge is still gained, as recent research is seeking for answers about where the market is headed towards. This study intends to provide a new perspective regarding risk as a factor in the housing market. Based on the classical portfolio theory, an asset pricing approach in the Swedish housing market is presented. By applying modern quantitative methods, this thesis analyses the results of several models in the Swedish housing market and tries to establish a relationship between different market segments and the overall market. The goal is to determine: (1) the risk factor reflected by the market segments towards the overall market, (2) the evolution of the risk factor through time, (3) the way the market segments affect and cause each other, and finally (4) the response of the market segments against market shocks. The results provide a new insight on the risk factor and the mechanics defining the Swedish housing market. This could work as a useful tool in a new approach regarding the real estate market analysis, from a developer’s perspective. / Under de senaste åren har den svenska bostadsmarknaden utvecklats till ett ämne av stort intresse, både nationellt och internationellt. Skyhöga prisökningar, en ökande efterfrågan i relation till bostadsbrist, till den pågående debatten om marknadsbubblor har resulterat i diskussioner om att risken är högre än någonsin tidigare. Litteraturen är stor på området men mer kunskap inhämtas hela tiden eftersom aktuell forskning fortfarande söker svar på frågan om vart marknaden är på väg. Denna studie avser att ge ett nytt perspektiv av riskfaktorn på bostadsmarknaden. Baserat på den klassiska portföljteorin presenteras en prissättningsstrategi för den svenska bostadsmarknaden. Genom att tillämpa moderna kvantitativa metoder analyserar denna avhandling resultaten från flera modeller på den svenska bostadsmarknaden och försöker upprätta en relation mellan olika marknadssegment och den övergripande marknaden. Målet är att bestämma: (1) riskfaktorn reflekterad av marknadssegmenten gentemot den övergripande marknaden, (2) riskfaktorns utveckling över tid, (3) hur marknadssegmenten påverkar varandra och slutligen (4) marknadssegmentens reaktion mot marknadschocker. Resultaten ger en ny inblick i riskfaktorn och mekaniken som definierar den svenska bostadsmarknaden. Detta kan fungera som ett användbart verktyg i en ny metod för fastighetsmarknadsanalys från en fastighetsutvecklares perspektiv.