The genus Athyrium composed by 220 species in the world, mainly distributed in the Asia temperate regions. According to the observations of the morphological characters, this study revised the taxonomy and recognized 24 species and 2 varieties in Taiwan. The infrageneric scheme also due to morphology, these Taiwanese species were placed into 5 sections: Sect. Polystichoides, Sect. Echinoathyrium, Sect. Strigoathyrium, Sect. Atkinsonii and Sect. Niponica. Basing on the public DNA sequences data (trnL-F and rbcL), including to this study providing, the molecular phylogeny analysis was state in this study. The Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian inference were used in each fragment: trnL-F region length 846 bp, 72 OTUs in 41 species 8 varieties; rbcL 1188 bp, 70 OTUs in 42 species 6 varieties, and combined data: 42 OTUs in 38 species 4 varieties. The phylograms contributed by each datasets are support the infrageneric scheme provided in this study, 5 sections occuring in Taiwan and 2 other sections (Sect. Athyrium and Sect. Yokoscentia) are monophyletic. Herein, the key to the species of the Taiwanese Athyrium, science names, descriptions, voucher specimens and notes of each taxa are provided.

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This research has examined the phylogenetic relationship between the questionable Athyrium pycnocarpon and the valid Athyrium thelypteroides. Classical taxonomic data were reported to illustrate the sources of confusion in the phylogenetic positioning of the fern in question. Chromatographic analyses of biochemical secondary constituents were reported. Descending paper chromatograms, ascending thinlayer chromatograms and cellulose-acetate electrophoretograms were the three analytical tools used to develop the secondary compounds. Ultraviolet light and ninhydrin visualization of the separated secondary constituents produced characteristic spotting patterns. On the basis of the close similarities of all patterns between the Athyrium pycnocarpon and Athyrium thelypteroides, it was concluded that the Athyrium pycnocarpon is unquestionably a member of the Athyrium complex.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

This thesis has examined a long existing conflict between two ferns, Asplenium platyneuron and Athyrium pycnocarpon. The study included habitat, external and internal morphological characteristics, and biochemical analyses of the free amino acids. Major emphasis was placed upon vascular structure and arrangement in the stipes, roots, and rhizomes.Biochemically, the free amino acids were separated by one-dimensional descending paper chromatography. All areas investigated were either photographed or drawn and presented in the text of the thesis.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306