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Maximum and minimum temperature for 14 stations in Western Virginia were used to develop a temperature estimation model. Locational data such as the UTM coordinates, elevation, aspect, distance from West Virginia and the distance to the coast and certain transformations of these variables were used as the independent variables. A variable was developed, called the distance-weighting variable, using the inverse distance to each of the 5 closest weather stations. The dependent variables selected were mean monthly maximum, mean monthly minimum, and mean monthly average temperatures. The statistical method used was stepwise regression analysis, with the diagnostic tools of the partial R2, the Cp, and the PRESS statistic being used as deciding factors for choosing a subset of 5 to 6 models to study closely. The Variance Inflation Factor and the Variance Proportion values were used to check for multicollinearity and to choose the final model. The models developed here were compared to those in a study that was done in 1981 (Anderson 1981). Anderson (1981) also developed temperature equations, using data obtained from the same general area, but using a larger data set of approximately 120 weather stations, and using only locational data. An independent data set of years other than those used to develop the model were used to validate the models by estimating the temperatures and comparing these estimates with the actual temperature values, using a paired t-test. A 2-sided t-test was used to compare the actual temperatures with the estimates calculated with Anderson's (1981) models and to compare Anderson's estimates with the estimates calculated from the models developed in this study. The t-test generally showed that this study developed models that fit the data well and seemed to predict well. In two cases where the model developed did not estimate well, reasons for this departure from the normal were discussed and possible solutions proposed. I also explored a new way of describing a temperature zone. A negative exponential equation was developed for the potential absolute maximum temperature estimate for the area of Western Virginia. A BASIC program was developed for managers to derive the temperature estimates, either on a point-by-point basis, or for a file to be entered into a geographic information system. / Master of Science

Submitted by Cátia Araújo (catia.araujo@unipampa.edu.br) on 2017-01-25T12:23:34Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Influência do aquecimento global antropogênico sobre a temperatura noturna uma abordagem teórica.pdf: 6400608 bytes, checksum: 28665efa34a8803c77a056a46625bec3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Cátia Araújo (catia.araujo@unipampa.edu.br) on 2017-01-25T12:24:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Influência do aquecimento global antropogênico sobre a temperatura noturna uma abordagem teórica.pdf: 6400608 bytes, checksum: 28665efa34a8803c77a056a46625bec3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-25T12:24:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Influência do aquecimento global antropogênico sobre a temperatura noturna uma abordagem teórica.pdf: 6400608 bytes, checksum: 28665efa34a8803c77a056a46625bec3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-05 / Neste trabalho é analisada a variação da temperatura atmosférica próximo à superfície associada a efeitos antropogênicos, utilizando um modelo atmosférico simplificado. São utilizadas nas análises, alterações locais na cobertura de nuvens e quatro diferentes cenários de concentração atmosférica de dióxido de carbono. Os resultados mostram que as maiores variabilidades de temperatura ocorrem no estado desconectado e na região de transição entre os regimes de escoamento. Em concordância com esforços anteriores, os resultados indicam que grande parte da redução da variação diurna de temperatura (VDT) está relacionada com a bi-estabilidade atmosférica, característica da camada limite estável. Todavia, no regime desconectado, a presença de eventos intermitentes de turbulência pode tornar as variações de temperatura entre os diferentes cenários imprevisíveis. O que pode implicar que seja pouco provável que se consiga prever o comportamento da VDT em regiões caracterizadas pela presença de ventos fracos. / In this work it is analyzed the variation of the atmospheric temperature near the surface associated with anthropogenic effects, by using a simplified atmospheric model. In the analyzes are used local changes in cloud cover and four different scenarios of atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide. The results show that the highest variability in temperature occur in the disconnected state and in the transition region between the flow regimes. In agreement with previous efforts, the results indicate that the reduction of diurnal temperature range (DTR) is related to the atmospheric bi-stability, which is a characteristic of the stable boundary layer. However, in the disconnected state, the presence of intermittent burts of turbulence may make temperature variations between the different scenarios unpredictable. Which may imply that it should be hard to predict the behavior of the VDT in regions characterized by the presence of weak winds.

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M. Tech. Chemical Engineering. / Discusses the objectives of the research project are to: 1. Develop a cost effective technique for modifying the surface groups of ACs with a view to induce selectivity properties towards PGMs. 2. Characterize the chemically treated ACs. 3. Determine adsorption capacities and selectivity of Amine treated ACs by performing batch adsorption tests. 3. Investigate the adsorption of Pt (IV) in a Continuous stirred tank reactor. The data generated according to the project objectives will assist in obtaining the following informations. 1. Adsorption isotherms - Find the maximum adsorption capacity of ACs for different solution concentrations, and temperature. Determine the effect of base metals on adsorption and hence extend the adsorption isotherm equation from single component to a multi-component adsorption isotherm. 2. Kinetics data - Determine the rate of change of metals in solution with time at various initial concentration, temperature and acid strength. 3. Characterization of modified ACs - Determine surfaces morphology of ACs using SEM-EDS.

Climatology tries to codense the many aspects of the weather during a long period into a few significant figures. The first approach is usually the calculation of mean and extreme values for a particular element over a specified period. [...]

High frequency turbulent temperature measurements were performed above clipped grass in the lower atmospheric surface layer in conjunction with three-dimensional turbulent velocities. Measurements were also made of turbulent temperature inside a corn canopy and at the canopy top. The 500Hz temperature time series were collected over periods of varying intervals, to a maximum of 24 hours. / The multifractal analysis was performed on several datasets. First scaling properties of the temperature and the velocity fields were examined. Our results suggest that scaling is not observed throughout the entire range but on different regimes. The physically related regimes corresponding to the clipped grass experiment include the inertial subrange, the trend for diurnal peak, and a range between them, all together featuring the existence of the hourly gap. In the canopy experiment, except for the above feature, the effects of the presence of plant objects are also reflected by the presence of two regimes different from those for clipped grass field. / The double trace moment technique was performed on the inertial subrange of the temperature and velocity fields measured over clipped grass to obtain the parameters characterizing the multifractal fields. The variability of the parameters with the atmospheric stability was investigated and no apparent difference between stable and unstable conditions was found. The results reveal that those fields are universal multifractals with the characteristic parameters $ alpha$ near 1.7 and C$ sb1$ ranging from 0.04 to 0.12, implying that the fields can be modeled by a log-Levy process with unbounded singularities. We also found that the critical moment q$ rm sb{s}$ for the multifractal phase transition is close to 4.

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