Denna uppsats har undersökt båtbottenfärgsproducenters, båtklubbars och Kemikalieinspektionens arbete med och ansvarstagande gällande biocidinnehållande båtbottenfärg. Sedermera har kunskapen om alternativa metoder till båtbottenfärg undersökts hos enskilda båtägare i Stockholms län och hur denna insikt påverkat deras användning av biocidinnehållande båtbottenfärger. Två teoretiska ramverk baserade på Sustainable Corporate Social Responsibility och Attitude-Behavior-Context applicerades på empirin av undersökningens aktörer. Via tio stycken semi-strukturerade intervjuer har olika ansvarstagande och ståndpunkter kring båtbottenfärg framkommit hos båtbottenfärgsproducenterna, båtklubbarna och Kemikalieinspektionen. Producenterna menar att biocidbåtbottenfärg kan förhindra negativ miljöpåverkan medan båtklubbarna valt att helt fasa ut dem till följd av Stockholms miljöförvaltnings förbud av biocidbaserade skrovfärger i Mälaren efter 2020. Istället har epoxifärg rekommenderats till medlemmarna, vilket är problematiskt då Kemikalieinspektionen inte utreder miljöeffekter av denna färgtyp. Myndigheten har överfört det huvudsakliga tillsynsansvaret till Sveriges kommuner, hos vilka det råder bristfällig kunskap om båtbottenfärger och ofullkomlig kommunikation gentemot båtklubbar och båtägare. Båtägare känner osäkerhet över hur de ska förhålla sig till båtbottenfärg och saknar tilltro till alternativa metoder där de istället valt att lita på båtklubbars rekommendationer gällande epoxifärg, trots kostsamma påbud. / This paper has examined how producers of antifouling paint, boat clubs and the Swedish Chemicals Agency address biocidal antifouling paint and the responsibility they are subject to. Subsequently, the knowledge of alternative methods to antifouling paint among individual boat owners in Stockholm County has been investigated and how this insight has affected their use of biocidal antifouling paint. Two theoretical frameworks based on Sustainable Corporate Social Responsibility and Attitude-Behavior-Context were applied to the empirics obtained from the stakeholders of the study. From ten semi-structured interviews it has been brought to the surface that the liabilities and attitudes surrounding antifouling paint differ among the producers of antifouling paint, the boat clubs and the Swedish Chemicals Agency. While the producers claim that biocidal antifouling paint in fact can prevent adverse environmental effects, the boat clubs have taken a different path and chosen to completely phase them out, as a result of Stockholm environmental administration agency’s prohibition of biocidal hull paints in Lake Mälaren after 2020. Epoxy paint has instead been recommended to their members, which is problematic since the Swedish Chemicals Agency does not investigate environmental consequences associated with this type of paint. The agency has commissioned the principal responsibility of supervision to the municipalities of Sweden, which possess defective knowledge about antifouling paints and moreover demonstrate deficient communication vis-à-vis boat clubs and boat owners. The latter express uncertainty as to which stance to take on antifouling paint and convey a lack of trust to alternative methods where they instead have chosen to confide in the recommendations of the boat clubs regarding epoxy paint, despite expensive decrees.

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:08:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 71050100644.pdf: 2460084 bytes, checksum: 241365dd3cddc6269db968680fafb88a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-04T00:00:00Z / Há uma crescente preocupação em relação à temática dos resíduos sólidos entre acadêmicos, governos, empresas e indivíduos, embora pouco se conheça sobre os motivos que direcionam as escolhas pessoais no descarte de itens recicláveis dentro do domicílio. As pessoas participam ou não de programas de coleta seletiva por motivos que não são aparentes e nem diretamente identificados. Assim, o problema desta tese foi: Que determinantes influenciam o comportamento para reciclagem? Quais implicações disso para formulação de políticas públicas direcionadas ao comportamento para reciclagem? Em torno desta questão, o objetivo foi entender o quanto os modelos cognitivo-comportamentais predizem e explicam o comportamento para reciclagem (CR), buscando examinar a relação cognição-comportamento proposta pela sua fundamentação teórica. Nesta Tese parte-se da premissa de que existe uma lacuna entre a pose de uma atitude pró-ambiental e a demonstração do comportamento, o que tem sido conhecido como hiato atitude-comportamento. Para isso, optou-se pela análise comparativa do poder preditivo de modelos de escolha racional (Teoria do Comportamento Planejado e Teoria do Comportamento Interpessoal) e do Modelo Atitude-Comportamento-Contexto. Considerou-se uma amostra não probabilística (N=400) de responsáveis por domicílios paulistanos que constavam na lista de assinantes de telefones fixos da Telefônica. Posteriormente os dados coletados foram submetidos à Modelagem de Equações Estruturais. Os resultados empíricos comprovaram a premissa que fundamenta esta Tese, mostrando efeito nulo da variável atitude na predição do comportamento para reciclagem. Os dados também revelaram que a melhor preditora de comportamento para reciclagem foi o hábito, seguido das influências sociais de grupos primários, controle percebido e da conveniência da coleta seletiva. Emergem daí a importância dos determinantes externos (contexto) como característica-chave para intervenções em políticas públicas direcionadas às mudanças comportamentais, conforme pressupostos do modelo ABC. / There is a growing concern about the issue of solid waste among academics, governments, companies and individuals, but little is known about the motives that drive personal choices in the disposal of recyclable items in a house. People participate or not programs of selective collection for reasons that are not apparent and not directly identified. Thus, the problem of this thesis was: what determinants influence that behavior for recycling? What are its implications for the formulation of public policies directed to the behavior for recycling? Concerning this issue, the goal was to understand how cognitive-behavioral models predict and explain the behavior for recycling, seeking to examine the relation cognition-behavior proposed in the theoretical basis. For this, the researcher opted for the comparative analysis of the predictive power of rational choice model (Theory of Planned Behavior and Theory of Interpersonal Behavior) and the Attitude, Behavior, Context model. It was used with a random sample (N = 400) of households situated in the city of São Paulo, taken from the list of subscribers of telephones (Telefônica). Subsequently, the collected data were submitted to the Structural Equation Modeling. The empirical results showed no effect of the variable attitude, reveling that the best predictor of behavior for recycling was the habit, followed by perceived control, social influences of primary groups and the selective collection convenience. Hence the emerging importance of the external determinants (context) as a key feature for interventions in public policies directed to behavioral changes, as assumptions of the ABC model.