• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Autocrine regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in immortalized hypothalamic GT1-7 neurons

Pithey, Anne Louise January 1994 (has links)
The existence of an ultrashort feedback mechanism regulating GnRH secretion has been supported from in vivo and in vitro studies. However, the complex synaptic connections of GnRH neurons with other neural elements made it difficult to determine whether the regulation was mediated by direct actions on the GnRH neurons or through actions on other interneurons. The recent development of the GnRH-secreting neuronal cell line, GT1, provided a model system for the study of neural regulation of a pure population of GnRH neurons. The present studies utilized GT1 -7 cells to investigate whether GnRH (at the level of the nerve terminal) influences the control of its own release. Preliminary studies determined the presence of GnRH mRNA in GT1-7 cells and established a cell culture system for the analysis of secretagogue-induced GnRH release. In this system GnRH release was shown to be spontaneous and was enhanced by the addition of K⁺, L-GLU, forskolin and PMA. Furthermore, K⁺- and forskolin-induced GnRH release was dependent on extracellular Ca²⁺. For the analysis of an ultrashort feedback mechanism, GT1-7 cells were cultured in 6-well plates to near confluence and then incubated in serum-free medium in the presence (1 nM- 1 μM) or absence of GnRH antagonist, Ant 27. Basal, K⁺-and forskolin-induced secretion of GnRH was monitored with antiserum 1076 which does not cross-react with Ant 27 at> 1 μM. Ant 27 treatment increased basal, K⁺- and forskolin-stimulated GnRH release in a dose-dependent manner. Total content was unaffected by 18 h treatment of GT1-7 cells with Ant 27. This suggests that the effects of Ant 27 are at the level of release and not biosynthesis. The presence of GnRH binding sites in the cells was demonstrated with ¹²⁵I-GnRH analog. These findings support the concept that GnRH, acting via autoreceptors, negatively controls its own release.
2

Conception, évaluation et modélisation de biocapteurs pour la détection électrochimique du facteur de motilité autocrine : biomarqueur potentiel de cancers métastatiques / Design, evaluation and modeling of biosensors for the electrochemical detection of autocrine motility factor : potential biomarker of metastatic cancers

Devillers, Marion 18 February 2016 (has links)
Le facteur de motilité autocrine (AMF) est une cytokine sécrétée par les cellules tumorales qui a été détectée dans le sérum et l'urine de patients cancéreux. Cette enzyme stimule la motilité des cellules cancéreuses in vitro et provoque des métastases in vivo. Elle peut être utilisée comme un biomarqueur métastasique.Dans cette étude, un biocapteur électrochimique sensible et spécifique a été conçu pour la détection et la quantification d'une enzyme modèle de l’AMF humain : la PGI de mammifère. Le biocapteur a été construit par liaison de 6-phosphate-D-fructose (F6P) sur une surface d'or d’électrode fonctionnalisée covalemment par des groupements oxyamine.La reconnaissance entre l’enzyme et le biorécepteur a été quantifiée par spectroscopie d'impédance électrochimique et voltammétrie dans une gamme de 10 fM à 100 nM. La limite de détection mesurée est de 6,6 fM. La sélectivité a été prouvée, ainsi que la reproductibilité. Notre biocapteur est une preuve de concept très prometteuse d'un futur dispositif analytique miniaturisé conçu pour la détection rapide, facile et précis de l'AMF. Il pourrait en outre contribuer à valider l'AMF en tant que nouveau biomarqueur du cancer métastatique.Afin d’étudier les interactions mises en jeu dans la reconnaissance entre l’enzyme et le biorécepteur, des études de mécanique moléculaire polarisable via le champ de forces SIBFA ont été réalisées. SIBFA est un champ de forces de seconde génération basé sur les résultats des décompositions ab-initio de l’énergie d’interaction et inclut donc la polarisation mais aussi l’énergie de transfert de charge.Pour cette étude nous avons mis en place deux modèles d’AMF pour SIBFA, une forme entière et une forme réduite, et nous avons construit un mime du biocapteur pour SIBFA. Pour cela, il a fallu concevoir et calibrer chaque fragment nécessaire à l’élaboration du mime. Ensuite différentes minimisations d’énergie ont été réalisées, en prenant en compte ou non la solvatation, puis des études sur les interactions mises en jeu ont été effectuées. / Autocrine motility factor (AMF) is a cytokine secreted by tumor cells that could be detected in the serum and the urine of cancer patients. This enzyme stimulates tumor cells motility in vitro and causes metastasis in vivo. It can be used as a biomarker of metastasis.In this study, a sensitive and specific electrochemical biosensor was designed for the detection and quantitation of a model of the human enzyme AMF: the mammalian PGI. The biosensor was constructed by covalently binding D-fructose 6-phosphate (F6P) on the oxyamine functionalized surface of a gold electrode.Recognition between the enzyme and the bioreceptor was quantified by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and voltammetry in the range of 10 fM to 100 nM. The measured detection limit was 6.6 fM. Selectivity and reproducibility were also proven. Our biosensor is a promising proof of concept for the design of a future miniaturized analytical device for fast, easy and accurate detection of AMF. It could also help validate the AMF as a new biomarker of metastatic cancer.To study the interactions involved in the recognition process between the enzyme and the bioreceptor, we performed polarizable molecular mechanic studies using the force field SIBFA. SIBFA is a second-generation force field based on the results of ab- initio decomposition energy of interaction and therefore includes not only the polarization but also the charge transfer energy.For this study we have developed two models of AMF for SIBFA, an entire form and a reduced form, and we built a mime of the biosensor for SIBFA. For this, it was necessary to design and calibrate each fragment essential for the development of the mime. Then, different energy minimizations were carried out, some of which taking into account solvation parameters. Studies of interactions between the mime and the AMF model are being carried out.

Page generated in 0.0842 seconds