Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-23T15:01:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_ILDO_INES_ROBAO_MASSITELA_COMPLETO.pdf: 2008637 bytes, checksum: 895eea8912eb209a16b0a13fa5ec0421 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-23T15:01:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_ILDO_INES_ROBAO_MASSITELA_COMPLETO.pdf: 2008637 bytes, checksum: 895eea8912eb209a16b0a13fa5ec0421 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-23 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / The proliferation of the use of software on a daily basis from various institutions is an indisputable fact, whether academic institutions, industrial, commercial, among others. This great looking software creates a great pressure environment in academia and software industry regarding the responsiveness of the great demand. The performance assessment can be a major benefit to the institutions, decision-making can contribute in increasing and improving the responsiveness of growing demand. This paper aims to show, based on a case study, the use of stochastic modeling for performance evaluation of a software development team that has the waterfall model based software design. Despite being a model that has been criticized, it has been a feature in various software projects for its rigid structure and focused management. Some of the factors that ensure a good management are very different design phases where one phase does not start without the other has finished and documentation that helps to focus the institutional history over time. / O prolifera??o do uso de softwares no dia a dia de diversas institui??es ? um fato incontest?vel, quer seja institui??es acad?micas, industriais, comerciais, dentre outras. Esta grande procura de softwares cria um ambiente de grande press?o na academia e na ind?stria de software no que se refere a capacidade de resposta da grande demanda. A avalia??o de desempenho pode ser um dos grandes benef?cios para as institui??es, na tomada de decis?es que podem contribuir no aumento e melhoria da capacidade de resposta da crescente demanda. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar, com base num estudo de caso, a aplica??o de modelagem estoc?stica para avalia??o de desempenho de uma equipe de desenvolvimento de software que tem o modelo de processos Waterfall como base do projeto de software. Apesar de ser um modelo que vem sofrendo cr?ticas, tem sido um recurso em v?rios projetos de software pela sua estrutura r?gida e muito focada no gerenciamento. Alguns dos fatores que garantem um bom gerenciamento s?o as fases do projeto bem distintas, onde uma fase n?o se inicia sem que a outra tenha terminado e o foco para documenta??o que ajuda no hist?rico institucional ao longo do tempo.

Cette thèse s'intéresse aux évènements et aux ordonnancements d'évènements se produisant au sein de réseaux d'éléments conceptuels prédéterminés. Dans ces réseaux, les éléments, appelés plutôt "automates", s'incitent les uns les autres à changer d'état en accord avec des règles prédéfinies qui, précisément, définissent le (fonctionnement du) réseau. Lorsqu'un automate se conforme effectivement aux influences qu'il reçoit de la part des autres, on dit que son état est mis à jour. Les évènements élémentaires considérés sont les changements d'états des automates. Définir un mode de mise à jour pour l'ensemble des automates d'un réseau permet de sélectionner certains évènements parmi l'ensemble de ceux qui sont a priori possibles. Cela permet aussi d'organiser et d'ordonner les évènements les uns par rapport aux autres de façon, par exemple, à imposer que des évènements indépendants se produisent simultanément ou simplement, de manière assez rapprochée pour qu'aucun autre événement ne puisse se produire pendant leur occurrence. Informellement, les modes de mise à jour peuvent donc être interprétés comme l'expression d'influences extérieures au réseau interdisant certains changements, ou alors comme la formalisation d'une version relâchée et relative de l'écoulement de temps. Cette thèse propose d'étudier leur influence sur le comportement des réseaux. Et afin de distinguer cette influence de celle de la structure des réseaux, elle commence par mettre en évidence le rôle de certains motifs structurels. Après ça, elle s'intéresse en particulier à l'information "encodée" dans une séquence de mises à jour et à l'impact du synchronisme dans celles-ci. / This thesis is concerned with the events and the organisation of events that take place within networks of abstract predetermined elements called "automata". In these networks, automata incite one another to switch states in agreement with predefined rules which, precisely, define the net-work. When an automaton effectively conforms to the influences it receives from others, its state is said to be updated. The elementary events that are considered here are thus automata state changes. To define an update mode for all the automata of a network allows to select some events among all those that are a priori possible. It also allows to organise and order the events relatively so as to impose, for example, that independent events occur simultaneously or so that simply, they happen close enough to disallow the occurrence of any other events in between. Informally, update modes can be interpreted as the expressions of influences incoming from outside the network, forbidding certain changes, or else, as the formalisation of a relaxed and relative version of time flow. This thesis proposes to study their influences on network behaviours. And to distinguish their influences from that of network structures, it starts by highlighting the role of certain structural motives. After that, it explores in particular the information that is "encoded" in a sequence of updates as well as the general impact of synchronism in updates.