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An?lise da sustentabilidade eco-s?cio-econ?mica no plano diretor de Natal/RN / Analysis of the eco-socio-economic sustainability in the master plan of Natal/RNSantana J?nior, Henrique Eufr?sio de 29 August 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-08-29 / O desenvolvimento urbano da sociedade determinou diferentes comportamentos e modos de intera??o do homem para com a natureza ao longo do tempo (MARQUES, 2010). O modo de viver e de ocupar espa?os acompanhou esse desenvolvimento, o qual fez surgir diversos novos conceitos e paradigmas acerca do assunto, tamb?m implicando na ruptura de ideias e s?nteses sobre o homem e sua forma de existir. Nessa perspectiva, a rela??o entre o homem e o meio ambiente sempre se mostrou conflituosa (DUARTE, 2011). Diz-se isso porque, para ocupar os espa?os e desenvolver suas atividades e fun??es sociais, a sociedade necessitou explorar os recursos naturais que o meio oferecia, muitas vezes degradando-o sem reparar suas interfer?ncias, em uma rela??o de clara depend?ncia da natureza, pois dela adv?m muito do essencial para a manuten??o da vida. Com o passar do tempo e a paulatina atividade humana frente ? natureza, foram necess?rias medidas protetivas e reparadoras, assumidas por governos de todas as formas, que fossem garantidas ? sociedade e ? pr?pria estrutura natural, a continuidade de um equil?brio entre o homem e o meio. Foi ent?o quando leis come?aram a versar sobre essa rela??o, com temas de direito ambiental, normas jur?dicas que disciplinam o potencial de a??o humana na paisagem e demais condutas que podem ser observadas na realidade. Esta tese, pois, tem por objetivo estudar o ponto de encontro ou converg?ncias entre as normas ambientais e urbanas que atingem as cidades, sendo o recorte geogr?fico a cidade de Natal/RN e o recorte temporal a partir de 2007, data que marca o in?cio da vig?ncia do Plano Diretor de Natal, ainda em vigor. Busca-se analisar o Plano Diretor de Natal quanto a inclus?o, observ?ncia e efetiva aplica??o dos aspectos do equil?brio eco-s?cio-econ?mico nesta ferramenta. Para tanto se viu necess?rio um estudo que explicitasse os principais e contempor?neos conceitos de desenvolvimento sustent?vel e da sustentabilidade urbana, de maneira geral e especificamente em Natal/RN, analisando o seu plano diretor com a utiliza??o de elementos adaptados do delineamento metodol?gico de Avalia??o Ambiental Estrat?gica (AAE). A metodologia da pesquisa propriamente dita baseia-se, essencialmente, em um estudo qualitativo, cuja revis?o bibliogr?fica tem suporte na an?lise documental de fontes prim?rias e secund?rias e por fim, a aplica??o da metodologia de an?lise proposta que aborda diametralmente o foco dessa tese. Por resultado espera-se apresentar um diagn?stico ambiental sobre o instrumento plano diretor na capital, com um conjunto de an?lises pontuais focadas nas grandes e principais amea?as ao desenvolvimento urbano sustent?vel local. Esse conjunto de an?lises resume fatores passiveis de decis?o pela governan?a respons?vel na normatiza??o do uso do solo, ou que com isto se relacionem, elencando prioridades ou op??es estrat?gicas que vir?o disponibilizar elementos estrat?gicos para as mudan?as ou revis?es necess?rias no plano, sempre em busca do desenvolvimento urbano sustent?vel ou com equil?brio eco-s?cio-econ?mico. / Urban development of society determines different behaviors and modes of interaction of man with nature over time (MARQUES, 2010). The way of living and of occupying spaces accompanied this development, which has given rise to several new concepts and paradigms on the subject, also resulting in the break down and synthesis of ideas about man and his survival. From this perspective, the relationship between man and the environment has always been confrontational (DUARTE, 2011). This is said because, to occupy the spaces and develop their activities and social functions, the society needed to exploit the natural resources that the environment offered, often degrading it without noticing its interference, in a clear dependency relationship of nature, for it comes very essential for the maintenance of life. With the passage of time and the gradual human activity toward nature, needed is protective and remedial measures taken by governments of all forms, to guarantee to society and the natural structure the continuity of a balance between man and environment. That was when laws began to be about this relationship with issues of environmental law, legal rules governing the potential for human action in the landscape and other behaviors that can be observed in reality. This doctoral thesis, therefore, aims to study the meeting point or convergence between environmental and urban standards that reach the cities, with the geographical cut the city of Natal/RN and the time frame from 2007, which marks the beginning the term of the Master Plan of Natal, still in force. The aim is to analyze the Master Plan of Natal/RN as the inclusion, observance and effective application of aspects of the eco-socio-economic balance in this tool. For that, saw required a study to review the main and contemporary concepts of sustainable development and urban sustainability in general and specifically in Natal/RN, analyzing their master plan with the use of adapted elements of the methodological design of Strategic Environmental Assessment (AAE). The research methodology is based essentially on a qualitative study, whose literature review supports the documentary analysis of primary and secondary sources and finally the application of the proposed methodology diametrically addresses the focus of this thesis. By resulting, is expected to present an environmental diagnosis of the master plan in the capital instrument, with a set of specific analyzes focused on large and major threats to sustainable urban development. This set of analyzes summarizes insusceptible factors of decision with governance responsibility in the regulation of land use, or with it are connected, listing priorities and strategic options that will provide strategic elements for the changes or revisions necessary in the plan, always looking for development sustainable urban or eco-socio-economic balance.
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