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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Measurement of the Top Quark Pair Production Cross Section and an in-situ B-tagging efficiency Calibration with ATLAS in pp Collisions at √s = 7 TeV in Dilepton Final States

Guo, Bin 09 January 2012 (has links)
We present a measurement of the top anti-top quark (ttbar)production cross section in the dilepton final states from proton-proton collisions at a center of mass energy at 7 TeV at the LHC. A b-tagging algorithm based on tracks displaced from the event interaction vertex is applied to identify bottom quark jets from top quark decay and reject background events. Given the relatively pure sample of bottom quark jets in ttbar dilepton final states, a new technique to measure in-situ the b-tagging efficiency is introduced that uses the distribution of the number of observed b-tagged jets. We present results with data collected at the ATLAS detector in 2010 with an integrated luminosity of 35 pb-1. The measured ttbar cross section is 176 +22/-21 (stat.) ± 20 (syst.) ± 6 (lum.) pb in the dilepton channel. We will also discuss the future prospects of this measurement.
2

Measurement of the Top Quark Pair Production Cross Section and an in-situ B-tagging efficiency Calibration with ATLAS in pp Collisions at √s = 7 TeV in Dilepton Final States

Guo, Bin 09 January 2012 (has links)
We present a measurement of the top anti-top quark (ttbar)production cross section in the dilepton final states from proton-proton collisions at a center of mass energy at 7 TeV at the LHC. A b-tagging algorithm based on tracks displaced from the event interaction vertex is applied to identify bottom quark jets from top quark decay and reject background events. Given the relatively pure sample of bottom quark jets in ttbar dilepton final states, a new technique to measure in-situ the b-tagging efficiency is introduced that uses the distribution of the number of observed b-tagged jets. We present results with data collected at the ATLAS detector in 2010 with an integrated luminosity of 35 pb-1. The measured ttbar cross section is 176 +22/-21 (stat.) ± 20 (syst.) ± 6 (lum.) pb in the dilepton channel. We will also discuss the future prospects of this measurement.
3

Recherche de production électrofaible supersymétrique dans des cascades de désintégration contenant un boson de Higgs avec le détecteur ATLAS au LHC / Search for electroweak production of supersymmetry in decay cascades containing a Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at LHC

Ughetto, Michaël 07 November 2014 (has links)
Depuis le démarrage des collisions proton-proton au LHC en 2009, les expériences ATLAS et CMS ont collecté plus de 25/fb de données. Le boson de Higgs est une prédiction clé du Modèle Standard de la physique des particules et sa découverte en 2012 par les expériences ATLAS et CMS complète le Modèle Standard. Le Modèle Standard, bien qu'en excellent accord avec les observations faites auprès des collisioneurs, ne répond pas à de nombreuses questions~: la nature de la matière noire, de l'énergie noire... De plus, l'instabilité de la masse du Higgs sous l'effet des corrections radiatives semble indiquer la présence d'une nouvelle physique à haute énergie. Parmi les théories au-delà du Modèle Standard, les modèles supersymétriques restent encore aujourd'hui d'excellents candidats pour étendre le Modèle Standard. Durant cette thèse, qui s'est déroulée de 2011 à 2014, j'ai travaillé à la recherche de signaux supersymétriques au sein de l'expérience ATLAS. Tout d'abord au L2C à Montpellier, où nous avons co-développé une nouvelle version de SuSpect, un programme permettant de calculer le spectre de masse du MSSM. Au sein du groupe ATLAS du CPPM à Marseille, j'ai développé pour la collaboration ATLAS des outils d'identification des jets issus de l'hadronisation des quarks b basés sur des réseaux de neurones artificiels et des arbres de décisions. Ces outils ont permis d'améliorer la discrimination des différentes saveurs de jet pour les analyses de données d'ATLAS.J'ai ensuite utilisé les données enregistrées par ATLAS en 2012 pour poser des limites sur la production associée de charginos et neutralinos se désintégrant via un boson de Higgs et un boson W pour donner un lepton chargé, deux jets issus de quarks b et de l'énergie transverse manquante. / Since the start of proton-proton collisions at LHC in 2009, the ATLAS and CMS experiments have recorded more than 25/fb of data each. The Higgs boson is akey prediction of the Standard Model of particle physics and its discovery in 2012 by the ATLAS and CMS experiments complete the Standard Model.The Standard Model, despite its excellent agreement with experiments at colliders, doesn't answer to many questions~: the nature of dark matter, dark energy... Furthermore, the instability of the Higgs mass under the effect of radiative corrections seems to indicate the existence of new physics at high energy.Among the theories beyond the Standard Model, supersymmetric models are excellent candidates to extend the Standard Model. During this thesis, between 2011 and 2014, I worked on the search of supersymmetric signals with the ATLAS experiment.First at L2C in Montpellier, where we have co-develloped a new version of SuSpect, a program designed to compute the MSSM mass spectrum.In the ATLAS groupe at CPPM in Marseille, I developped for the ATLAS collaboration a serie of tools based on artificial neural networks and decision trees to identify jets coming from b-quark hadronization. This tools have improved the discimination between different jets flavors for data analysis in ATLAS.Then, I analyzed the data collected by ATLAS in 2012 to obtain limits on the associated production charginos and neutralinos decaying via a W and a Higgs boson, resulting in a final state containing a charged lepton, two b-jets and missing transverse momentum
4

Search for the Higgs boson via the H → b¯b decay mode, in the boosted regime on the ATLAS experiment

O'Brien, Brendan Joseph January 2014 (has links)
This thesis presents details of the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson, in the low mass region (100 ≤ MH < 150 GeV), with the ATLAS detector at CERN. In this range, a Higgs boson may be produced in association with a W or Z-boson and decay predominantly to two b-quarks (H → b¯b). Specifically events having large Higgs boson transverse momentum (pT > 200 GeV) and large recoiling W- boson transverse momentum (pT > 200 GeV) are considered as a means to reduce the contribution from background processes. In this high pT (boosted) regime, novel jet-substructure techniques are applied to the reconstructed jets resulting from the Higgs boson decay. In order to use these jet-substructure techniques, b-tagging efficiency scale factors in the jet-substructure regime have also been derived for the first time. Details of their derivation are presented for many b- tagging algorithms, with 14.3 fb¯¹ of ATLAS proton-proton collision data in 2012 at √s = 8 TeV. These, and their associated systematic uncertainties, are then applied to the Higgs boson search. No significant measurement of Higgs boson production was made, based on 20.4 fb¯¹ of ATLAS proton-proton collision data in 2012 at √s = 8 TeV. For a Higgs boson mass of 125 GeV, an exclusion limit of 6.12 x σSM was found at the 95% confidence level, and a signal strength of 0:93 ± 2:63 was measured, consistent with both background-only and signal (Standard Model Higgs boson) plus background hypotheses.
5

Search for chargino and neutralino pair production in final states with one lepton, two b-jets consistent with a Higgs boson and missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector at the LHC Run2 / Recherche de la production du chargino et neutralino dans les états finals avec lepton ,2b-jets consistent avec un boson de Higgs et de l' énergie manquante avec le détecteur ATLAS au Run 2 du LHC

El Kosseifi, Rima 28 November 2018 (has links)
De nombreuses recherches ont été consacrées aux signatures des modèles supersymétrique depuis le Run1 du LHC qui a fourni des données à 7 et 8 TeV. Parmi ceux-ci, la recherche du chargino-neutralino (C1, N2) dans les états finals avec 1 lepton, 2 b-jets compatibles avec un boson de Higgs et une énergie transverse manquante. L'analyse des données collectées par ATLAS à 8 TeV en 2012 a permis d'exclure à 95% C.L. les modèles simplifiés pour lesquels le neutralino le plus léger (N1) est non massif et les C1, N2 sont de moins de 250 GeV. La présente analyse utilise les données collectées par ATLAS en 2015, 2016 et montre une meilleure sensibilité au signal due à l’augmentation de l'énergie des collisions au Run 2 jusqu'à 13 TeV. Cependant, les résultats sont compatibles avec les prédictions du modèle standard et ainsi les limites sur les masses de C1, N2 sont élevées et permettent d'exclure a 95% C.L. les modèles avec C1, N2 de moins de 680 GeV pour un N1 non massif. L'identification des b-jets joue un rôle important dans cette analyse. Dans cette thèse, on présente aussi des études sur la robustesse des performances du b-tagging avec diverses conditions de détection pour le détecteur a pixels, le plus important pour l'étiquetage de saveur des jets. Comme la plupart des recherches SUSY au LHC, cette analyse est effectuée en utilisant un modèle simplifié, ainsi le spectre de masse est choisi manuellement et les désintégrations SUSY considérées sont forcées. Suspect3 est l'un des outils théoriques utilisés pour interpréter les résultats de la recherche en modèles SUSY réalistes. Cette thèse présente la version SuSpect3 post-découverte du Higgs que nous développons. / During the LHC 8 TeV Run1, many searches were dedicated to the supersymmetric models. Among those, the search for the chargino-neutralino (C1, N2) pair production in final states with 1 lepton, 2 b-jets consistent with a Higgs boson and missing transverse energy. This search had negative outcome resulting in excluding C1, N2 masses up to 250 GeV for a massless lightest neutralino (N1) at 95% C.L.. The Run1 search used the 8 TeV ATLAS data collected in 2012. In this thesis, this search with ATLAS at LHC 13 TeV Run2 is presented, it uses 36.1 fb$^{-1}$ ATLAS data collected in 2015 and 2016. This Run 2 search provides an unprecedented sensitivity to high mass C1, N2 production. However, no evidence of new physics is observed and tighter new limits are placed on the C1, N2 production, with significant improvements over previous searches: C1, N2 masses up to 680 GeV for a massless N1 are excluded at 95% C.L. The identification of b-jets plays a significant role in this analysis. In this thesis, we present studies of the robustness of b-tagging performance with various conditions of the pixel detector, being the most important sub-detector for b-tagging. As most SUSY searches at the LHC, this analysis is carried out using Simplified Model of SUSY, i.e. the mass spectrum is chosen by hand and the considered SUSY decays are forced. Suspect3 is one of the theory tools utilized to map the search result into realistic SUSY models. This thesis presents the post Higgs discovery SuSpect3 version we have been working on. This version takes advantage of the very important new Higgs boson mass input to constrain other basic model parameter currently given as an input.
6

Search for the higgs boson produced in association with a Z boson and decaying to a pair of bottom quarks with the Atlas experiment at LHC

Alio, Lion 12 November 2014 (has links)
Recherche la Higgs boson produit en associe avec a Z boson et desintegre a paire de b-quarks. Cet etude est realise avec l'experience ATLAS aupres du LHC. Cet recherche contient le travail de l'identification de b-jets au detecteur d'ATLAS, l'etude de triggers de l'energie manquant et introduire un nouveau trigger qui permet de gagner plus de significance de signaux. La recherche de Higgs boson est poursuit avec l'implementation de nouveau trigger et faire d'analyse statistique pour estimer la significance gagne en comparaison avec l'analyse qui utilise triggers nominaux. / Search for the Higgs poson produced in association with a Z boson and decaying to a pair of b-quarks. This study is implemented with the ATLAS experience at LHC. This research includes the work on identification of b-jets in ATLAS detector, study of triggers of missing transverse energy and introduce a new trigger which is expected to gain more signal significance. The search for the Higgs boson is followed with the implementation of the new trigger and do the statistical analysis to estimate the significance gain in comparison with the analysis which use the nominal triggers.
7

Upgrade of the ATLAS Experiment Inner Tracker and related physics perspectives of the Higgs boson decay into two b quarks / Amélioration du trajectographe de l’expérience ATLAS et impact sur l’étude de la désintégration du boson de Higgs en deux quarks b

Ducourthial, Audrey 26 October 2018 (has links)
Le LHC entrera dans sa phase à haute luminosité vers 2027 et pour profiter de l’augmentation importante du taux de collisions, ATLAS, et plus particulièrement son trajectographe doivent être améliorés en terme de résistance aux radiations et traitement de données à un taux accru. Grace au nouveau design du trajectographe at à l’amélioration d’algorithmes d’étiquetage des saveurs de jets, l’identification de jets issus de la désintégration de B hadrons sera facilitée et des canaux de physique possédant des quarks b dans leurs états finaux seront plus facilement accessible, parmi lesquels le couplage trilinéaire du boson de Higgs. La résistance aux raditions des capteurs à pixels en silicium joue un rôle primordial dans leur utilisation auprès des experience LHC. La quantification de l’impact des rayonnements sur les capteurs silicium est un enjeu crucial : un outil de digitisation des dommages des rayonnements a été développé pour modéliser l’impact des radiations dans les simulations Monte Carlo d’ATLAS. Le test de capteurs à pixels planaires, développés par le LPNHE et la fonderie FBK, constitue la partie principale de cette thèse. Les trois productions de capteurs testées possèdent plusieurs designs technologiques. Pour maximiser l’acceptance géométrique du détecteur, des capteurs à bord mince ont été développés. Deux options de polarisation durant les phases de test ont ausssi été étudiée. Les capteurs ont été testés à plusieurs phases d’irradiation. L’optimisation d’algorithme de b-tagging basé sur la reconstruction de vertex secondaire sera aussi présentée, ainsi qu’une étude concernant les performances du b-tagging à haut pT . / By 2027, the LHC will enter its high luminosity regime, providing protons protons collisions at an unprecedented rate. The LHC experiments whill have to be upgraded to cope with this higher data rate. The new ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk) will allow a better identification of b-quarks and interesting physics signature with b-quarks in the final states such as the Higgs trilinear coupling will be reachable. The work performed during this thesis consisted in testing planar pixel sensors for the ITk, as well as optimizing b-tagging algorithms. In parallel, a study on the radiation damage on silicon pixel sensors have been performed. The radiation hardness of silicon sensors plays a determinant role as it allows them to be efficient in the highly radiative environment at LHC. Understanding the impact of radiation in silicon sensors is a major challenge and a radiation damage digitizer which models radiation damage effects in ATLAS Monte Carlo simulations is currently developed by the ATLAS experiment. Three ITk silicon planar pixel sensors productions of LPNHE and FBK have been developed, produced and tested on beam. Sensors from these three productions aim to be part of the ITk and have to demonstrate good performance after being irradiated at high fluences. Several technological designs have been investigated, such as temporary metal biasing option and active edges which maximize the geometrical acceptance of the sensors. The optimization of b-tagging SV1 algorithm (a secondary-vertex based algorithm) will be pre- sented as well as a study on the extrapolation of b-tagging performances at high pT.
8

Etude des performances d'étiquetage des B et analyse du canal HW dans l'expérience ATLAS. / B-TAGGING performance studies and HW analysis in the Atlas experiment

Bai, Yu 29 May 2012 (has links)
Les études de physique conduites à l'echelle du TEV, comme la recherche du boson de Higgs et de nouvelles particules, par exemple dans le cadre du modèle de super-symétrie, ou encore les études du quark top, succitent un interêt croissant maintenant que cette échelle est accessible. Dans ces analyses, il est souvent nécessaire d'identifier les jets issues de quark b de ceux provenant de quarks légers, de gluons ou d'autres types de bruit de fond. Par exemple, dans le cadre de la recherche du boson de Higgs leger, le Higgs est attendu de se désintégrer principalement en bb^_ les études de canaux impliquant la e e b; e production de quark top ont souvent des jets de quarks b dans leurs état finaux et du fait de la désintégration dominante du quark top en bW ; dans beaucoup d'analyse, les processus impliquant un quark top sont un bruit de fond et l'identification des jets de b fournie un excellent moyen, appelé b-jet veto, de les rejeter. Cette identification des jets de b est appellé b-tagging. Les études effectuées dans l'expérience ATLAS sur les performances du b-tagging, sa mise en route et son optimisation, sont présentées et developées dans cette thèse. / Physics studies at the TeV scale, such as searches for Higgs and new particles, for example from super-symmetry, as well as top quark studies are drawing special interest in experimental particle physics now that this scale is reachable. In these analyses, it is often necessary to identify jets from b quark out of jets from light quarks or gluons and other backgrounds. For exam- ple, in the low mass Higgs boson search, the Higgs is expected to dominantly decays into bb^_, studies involving top quark production have always b-jets in b; their final states due to dominant top decay into bW; for many analysis, top processes are a background and the b jets identification provides an excellent method to reject them using a so-called b jet veto. This b jets identification is called b-tagging. The studies done, within the ATLAS experiment, on the b-tagging performances, its commissioning and optimization, are presented and developed in this thesis.
9

Calibration of b-tagging efficiency and search for Dark Matter production in association with heavy flavour quarks with the ATLAS experiment.

Shcherbakova, Anna January 2016 (has links)
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the most powerful and complex particle accelerator ever built. The ATLAS detector is a general-purpose particle detector at the LHC, designed to cover a wide range of physics measurements.This thesis presents two physics studies performed using data of proton-proton collisions collected with the ATLAS detector at √s = 8 TeV. The identication of jets originating from b quarks (b-tagging) is a crucial tool for many physics analyses at the LHC. A new technique to calibrate the efficiency of b-tagging algorithms using high transverse momentum jets is described. This technique allows to perform the calibration using jets with transverse momenta up to 1200 GeV, while the current calibration methods only reach approximately 300 GeV. The results of the calibration are presented.  The second study presented in this thesis is a search for Dark Matter (DM) production in association with a pair of heavy flavour quarks. A reinterpretation of the results of the ATLAS search for DM at √s = 8 TeV has been done based on simplied models. A set of simplied models with various DM masses, masses of the exchange particle, that mediates the interaction between DM and the regular matter, and couplings is considered. This study aims to choose benchmark models to be used in future searches at √s = 13 TeV. Additionally an accomplished technical project on the development of the b-tagging ATLAS software is presented.
10

Search for boosted Higgs bosons decaying to b-quarks at sqrt{s}=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Follega, Francesco Maria 28 April 2020 (has links)
A search for the Higgs boson produced with large transverse momentum and decaying as H -&gt; bb is presented, using the 80 fb^{-1} from the dataset collected by the ATLAS detector at sqrt{s}=13 TeV. The Higgs boson is reconstructed as a large-R jet with two b-tagged variable radius track-jets. The work focuses on a peculiar event topology in which the Higgs is produced in association with another Large-R jet. Considering events with reconstructed pT above 480 GeV and with a reconstructed mass from 70-230 GeV, a signal significance of 1.6 sigma for the Higgs and of 5 sigma for the V (Z boson + W boson) is observed. Furthermore, the new Full Run2 analysis is presented, using 136 fb^{-1} from the dataset collected by the ATLAS detector at sqrt{s}=13 TeV. The strategy up to the computation of the expected sensitivity for the Higgs boson is presented in this thesis. The validation of the background modeling is described in details, including tests on data. A preliminary extraction of the Z boson signal is performed and the measured signal strength corresponds to muZ = 0.82 +/- 0.09.

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