Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of Sociology. / Includes bibliographical references. Alsoi available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.Med.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2003. / Also available in print.

Thesis (doctoral)--Airlangga University, 1985. / Errata slip inserted. Thesis statement inserted. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.P.H.) - University of Queensland, [2003]. / Includes bibliography.

Thesis (M.P.H.) - University of Queensland, 2004. / Includes bibliography.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / Antepartum suicidal behaviors are a leading cause of maternal injury and death. Previous research has not investigated associations between antepartum suicidal ideation and perinatal complications. Our study objective was to evaluate the relationship of antepartum suicidal ideation with low infant birthweight, small for gestational age, and preterm birth. A cohort study was conducted among 1,108 women receiving prenatal care in Peru. Suicidal ideation was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 during pregnancy. Birth outcomes were extracted from medical records. Linear regressions and multivariable logistic regressions were used to estimate were used to investigate associations between suicidal ideation and pregnancy outcomes. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 8.7%, preterm delivery was 5.7%, low birthweight was 4.4%, and small for gestational age was 3.4%. In an adjusted model, infant birthweight was 94.2 grams lower for mothers with antepartum suicidal ideation (95% CI: −183.0, −5.5, p = 0.037) compared with those without suicidal ideation. After adjusting for confounders including depression, participants with suicidal ideation had a nearly four-fold increased odds of delivering a small for gestational age infant (OR: 3.73; 95% CI: 1.59–8.74). These findings suggest suicidal ideation during pregnancy is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, especially low infant birthweight. / Revisión por pares

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth and low birth weight are major causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Increasing evidence points to an association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes and thus a better understanding of the nature of this association will assist in treatment planning to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes. Among the Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria frequently associated with periodontal disease are Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia and Porphyromonas gingivalis which may be detected in plaque using the BANA test (N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-2-naphthylamide). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of periodontal disease on pregnancy outcomes and evaluate the use of BANA as a screening test for the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki (2013) and included 443 pregnant women attending ante-natal clinics in KwaZulu Natal. At first visit, maternal oral health status was assessed by the measurement of periodontal indices and BANA testing of dental plaque from the same teeth. Patient demography and medical history were obtained by means of a questionnaire and all data compared with pregnancy outcomes. While controlling for other factors, significant differences were found between the distributions of periodontal disease at BANA-negative and BANA-positive sites and between infant birth weight and maternal periodontal index scores such as plaque index and gingival index. The birth weight and gestational age at delivery of infants born of BANA-positive periodontally diseased mothers were significantly lower than those born of BANA-negative mothers with no periodontal disease. We may conclude that the presence of periodontal disease during pregnancy has a significant association with negative pregnancy outcomes and suggest that the risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes may be reduced by monitoring the oral health status of women during pregnancy.

Orientador: Heraldo Cesar Gonçalves / Banca: Claudete Regina Alcalde / Banca: Paulo Roberto de Lima Meirelles / Resumo: Foram utilizadas 60 cabras (20 Alpina, 17 Anglo-Nubiana e 23 mestiças Boer), com peso corporal médio de 49,33±1,41kg, mantidas em pastagem de Panicum maximum cv. Tobiatã e suplementadas com dois níveis de concentrado: 300 (NS30) e 600 g/kg (NS60) das exigências diárias, avaliadas desde a pré-estação de monta, até, em média 110 dias de lactação. O controle leiteiro foi realizado a cada 14 dias, estimandose as características da curva de produção: tempo para atingir o pico (TP), produção no pico (PP) e produção de leite até 110 dias de lactação (PL); os constituintes: gordura, proteína, lactose, sólidos totais (ST), extrato seco desengordurado (ESD), nitrogênio uréico (NU) e contagem de células somáticas (CCS); além da prolificidade das cabras e o peso ao nascer dos cabritos. O grupo racial influenciou a curva de lactação, sendo que as Alpinas e Anglo-Nubianas apresentaram maior TP, PP e PL. Os teores de proteína, ST e ESD foram influenciados pelo grupo racial, tendo as mestiças Boer apresentado maiores teores. Os teores de gordura, lactose e o log da CCS foram influenciados pelo tratamento, sendo o NS30 com maiores valores, e pelo grupo racial, tendo as mestiças Boer apresentado maiores valores para teores de gordura e log da CCS, e as mestiças Boer e as Alpinas maiores valores para a lactose. O NU foi influenciado pelo estádio da lactação. A prolificidade e o peso ao nascer foram influenciados pelo grupo racial e tratamento, sendo que as Anglo-Nubianas e mestiças Boer do NS60 apresentaram melhores resultados. Os cabritos de partos simples tiveram maiores pesos ao nascer. A raça Anglo-Nubiana pode ser indicada para esse sistema de produção, por apresentar boa produção de leite e melhor condição corporal. A suplementação NS60 favoreceu o peso ao nascer e a prolificidade / Abstract: Were used 60 goats (20 Alpine breed, 17 Anglo-Nubian breed and 23 crossbred Boer), with average body weight of 49.33 ± 1.41 kg, kept on pasture of Panicum maximum cv. Tobiatã and supplemented with two levels of concentrated: 300 (NS30) and 600 g/kg (NS60) of the daily requirements in relation to dry matter intake, evaluated from pre-breeding season, average 110 days of lactation. The milk recording was realized every 14 days, estimating the characteristics of the production curve: time to peak (TP), peak production (PP) and milk production until 110 days of lactation (MP) the constituents: fat, protein, lactose, total solids (TS), dry extract defatted (DED), urea nitrogen (UN) and somatic cell count (SCC), and the prolificacy of the goats and the birth weight of the kids. The racial group influenced the lactation curve, and Alpine goats and Anglo-Nubian showed higher TP, PP and MP. The levels of protein, TS and DED were influenced by the racial group, and crossbred Boer presented the highest levels. The levels of fat, lactose and the SCC log were influenced by the treatment, and the NS30 with the highest values, and by the racial group, the crossbred Boer presented the highest values for fat and SCC log, and the crossbred Boer and Alpines had the highest values for lactose. The UN was influenced by the stage of lactation. The prolificacy and the birth weight were influenced by racial group and the treatment, being that the Anglo-Nubian and crossbred Boer from NS presented best results. The kids of single birth had superior birth weights. The Anglo-Nubian breed can be indicated for this production system, by presenting good milk production and body condition. Supplementation NS60 favored the birth weight and prolificacy / Mestre

M.Cur. / This dissertation studies the cause of the high incidence of low birth-mass and how it can be prevented at this specific hospital in Pretoria. A qualitative exploratory and descriptive design was used and a case study used in the context of the specific hospital. The population consisted of mothers of low birth-mass babies and a sample of only 10 mothers was selected. Data was gathered by means of semi-scheduled interviews which were conducted in the language of the subject. There were, however, no opposition from other subjects to be interviewed in English since they understood English. A pilot study was done on only one subject and no major changes were made in the actual study. Permission was obtained from the subjects and they were informed of the objectives of the study, which were: * to detect the reason for low birth-mass babies * * * to prevent the causes to assess the health needs of the patient to be able to improve the health needs by doing strategic planning. The subjects were told that they had the right to refrain from participating - most of them, however, did participate.

This study was conducted to document the size of primigravid women and their infants and placentas born at term in the Coloured community of Cape Town. It also explored the relationship between maternal, infant and placental size at birth. One thousand nine hundred and fifty seven firstborn infants delivered at term to Coloured women by the Peninsula Maternity Service during 1975 and 1976 were examined. The birth weight, crown-heel length and head circumference of each infant were measured, the gestational age assessed and the ponderal index of weight to length calculated. In addition the standing height, delivery weight and postdelivery weight of 395 of their mothers were measured and the Quetelet index of weight to height determined. The trimmed weight and chorionic plate area of 992 of the study infants' placentas were also measured and the placental thickness calculated.