Orientador: José Maurício Sforcin / Banca: Ethel Lourenzi Barbosa Novelli / Banca: Rodrigo Tavanelli Hernandes / Resumo: Não disponível / Abstract: Baccharis dracunculifolia is the most important vegetal source of propolis in southeast Brazil, and researchers have been investigating its biological properties. Propolis is a complex resinous hive product collected by bees from several plants, showing a very complex chemical composition. It has been employed since ancient times, due to its therapeutic properties, such as antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antitumoral activities, among others. The goal of this work was to compare the cytotoxic action of B. dracunculifolia, propolis and 2 isolated compounds (caffeic and cinnamic acids) on HEp-2 cells in vitro. These cells were incubated with different concentrations of each variable, and cell viability was assessed by crystal violet method. Lower concentrations of B. dracunculifolia (extract and essential oil), propolis as well as caffeic and cinnamic acids, showed no cytotoxic activity against HEp-2 cells. On the other hand, elevated concentrations (50 and 100 μg/100μL) exerted a cytotoxic action, and propolis showed a more efficient action than its vegetal source and isolated compounds. Further investigation is still needed in order to explore the potential of these variables as antitumor agents and to understand their mechanisms of action. Baccharis dracunculifolia is the most important botanical source of the southeastern Brazilian propolis, and its potential for the development of new phytotherapeutic medicines has been investigated. Propolis is commonly used for its antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. Nevertheless, B. dracunculifolia and propolis effects on poliovirus type 1 (PV1) were not investigated yet. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the antiviral activities of B. dracunculifolia (extract and essential oil), propolis and some isolated compounds (caffeic and cinnamic acids) against PV1 replication in HEp-2 cells in three... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Luiz Claudio Di Stasi / Banca: Clélia Akiko Kiruma-Lima / Banca: Jairo Kenupp Bastos / Resumo: Doença inflamatória intestinal (DII) é um termo que engloba várias doenças crônicas do trato gastrintestinal, principalmente colite ulcerativa (CU) e Doença de Crohn (DC), cuja etiologia ainda não é completamente conhecida, mas que se caracterizam por um curso crônico onde se alternam períodos de remissão e de atividade de duração variáveis. Embora DII tenha sido alvo de muitas pesquisas nos últimos anos, as drogas utilizadas correntemente causam sérios efeitos colaterais quando usados em altas doses ou durante um período prolongado, o que limita seu uso. Considerando-se a etiologia multifatorial das DII, produtos que reúnam atividades antioxidante, antiinflamatória e imunomoduladora representam uma possibilidade potencial para a descoberta de novas drogas eficazes na prevenção e tratamento desta doença. Neste sentido, inúmeras alternativas de pesquisas surgem com base em produtos naturais. Este trabalho testou a atividade antiinflamatória do extrato acetato de etila de folhas de Baccharis dracunculifolia em diferentes doses (5 a 200 mg/Kg) em duas condições experimentais distintas: quando a mucosa colônica está intacta (efeito preventivo); quando a mucosa colônica está afetada por um processo inflamatório intestinal (efeito curativo) assim como preventivo da recidiva do processo inflamatório, similar ao que ocorre com a colite ulcerativa em humanos. Diferentes marcadores bioquímicos de inflamação colônica foram avaliados, incluindo glutationa e atividade das enzimas mieloperoxidase e fosfatase alcalina. Experimentos in vitro adicionais foram realizados para testar a atividade antioxidante de diferentes concentrações do EBD. A administração oral do extrato acetato de etila de folhas de Baccharis dracunculifolia na dose de 5 mg/Kg protege o cólon de ratos do processo inflamatório através de um mecanismo que envolve a diminuição... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a term employed to several chronic disease of the digestive tract, usually ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), their etiology has not been clearly elucidated, but which are characterized by variable chronic and spontaneously relapsing inflammation. Although IBD has been the target of many studies in the last years, the drugs commonly used cause serious side effects when employed in high doses or while a long time, limiting their use. Whereas the multifactor etiology of IBD, products with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and imunnomodulatory activities play potential possibility to discovery of news drugs effective in the prevention and treatment of these disorders. In this way, many alternatives appear based in natural products. This study tested the anti-inflammatory activity of ethyl acetate extract of Baccharis dracunculifolia leaves (BDE) at different doses (5 to 200 mg/Kg) in two experimental settings: when the colonic mucosa is intact (preventive effect) or when the mucosa is in process of recovery after an initial insult (curative effect) such as relapse common in human IBD. Different biochemical markers of colonic inflammation were also evaluated, including glutathione, myeloperoxidase and alkaline phosphatase activities. Additional in vitro experiments were performed in order to test the antioxidant activity of different concentrations of BDE. BDE administrated orally at lowest dose, 5 mg/Kg, protects the rat colon of the inflammatory process through a mechanism which involve an improvement on intestinal oxidative stress associated to inflammation, such as reduction of the myeloperoxidase activity and maintenance of endogenous antioxidant levels, such as the glutathione, and that intestinal anti-inflammatory activity can be due to phenolic compounds presence in extract. The specie studied showed the new possibility for the prevention and treatment to this disorder. / Mestre