The Hayes Arboretum Solar Greenhouse located in Richmond, Indiana, at 39° 50' N latitude, 84° 50' W longitude has been operational since December 1, 1976. Temperatures inside the 1000 square foot greenhouse were maintained at 55°F. minimum, 85°F. maximum. Data on gas usage was collected over a 24 month period (December 1, 1976 - November 30, 1978). Temperature data was collected during months when auxiliary heat was necessary to supplement the greenhouse.The solar greenhouse was designed by the author to test the feasibility of solar energy in Indiana. Solar energy provided 27% of heating needs during the two year period. A total of 77% of the energy needed to run a convencial design features."Fuel" (natural gas + collector pump electricity) costs were 11.8 ¢ /sq. ft./year for the solar greenhouse compared to 51 ¢ /sq. ft./year for conventional greenhouses during the same period.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Ball State University LibrariesLibrary services and resources for knowledge buildingMasters ThesesThere is no abstract available for this thesis.

Ball State University LibrariesLibrary services and resources for knowledge buildingMasters ThesesThere is no abstract available for this thesis.

Previous investigations have utilized extremes of diet and exercise during the week prior to a performance to raise muscle glycogen levels to 220 mmoles/kg wet tissue. This investigation was designed to determine if muscle glycogen levels can be supercompensated utilizing a combination of a depletion-taper sequence and diets of 15% carbohydrate (CHO, LC), 50% CHO (M), and 70% CHO (HC) in 3,000 kcal. Each depletion-taper sequence was conducted on a treadmill at 73% V02max and consisted of runs of 90, 40, 40, 20, 20 minutes and a day of rest on the six days prior to a 13 mile performance run. Trial C consisted of 3 days LC and 3 days HC; Trial B, consisted of 3 days M and 3 days HC; and Trial C, 6 days M. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the gastrocnemius prior to loading (day 4) and before and after the performance run. Trials A, B and C elevated muscle glycogen to 207, 203 and 160 mmoles/ kg wet tissue, respectively. Trials A and B resulted in significantly more glycogen utilization (105 and 107 mmoles/kg wet tissue, respectively) than did Trial C (65 mmoles/kg wet tissue). The times during the performance runs were not significantly different between the Trials. It is concluded that: 1. muscle glycogen levels can be supercompensated to levels comparable to previous investigations by employing a depletion-tapering sequence and less severe alteration in diet prior to competition; 2. carbohydrate loading is not necessary for trained runners preparing for a race of 13 miles.Supported by the National Dairy Council and the Ball State University Graduate Student Research Fund, 1980.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

This work was a kinetic study of the Diels-Alder reaction of isoprene with variously substituted benzalmalononitriles. Application of the Hammett equation, a linear free energy relationship, to the kinetic rate data yielded a value of 1.31 for rho. This was interpreted as meaning the transition state for this Diels-Alder reaction was probably of the concerted type, although the nonconcerted polar transition state could not be eliminated in one case by the data of this study.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Ball State University LibrariesLibrary services and resources for knowledge buildingMasters ThesesThere is no abstract available for this thesis.

This thesis supported the hypothesis that preoperative verbalization enhances the birth experience in primary emergency cesarean delivered women. A T-test was utilized to compare the two groups' responses on each item of a 29 point questionnaire. The questionnaire measured perception of birth in 28 participants who verbalized their feelings preoperatively and 22 participants who did not verbalize preoperatively. The total mean score for all 29 items indicated a favorable perception for the former group. In addition, six specific items were significantly favorable for the group who verbalized. The T-test revealed questionnaire items of significance in the following subgroups: age, duration and intensity of labor, and parity.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

The six major drainage basins of Indiana were sampled for Aeromonas hydrophila. Daring the summer of 1979 a statewide mean of 53 colony forming units (W u) per ml with a range of 0-383 was obtained using membrane filter techniques and Rimler-Shotts differential media. Density values were correlated with the following physico-chemical water quality parameters: temperature, dissolved oxygen, and conductivity. Temperature showed the highest significant correlation when regressed with Gru, accounting for 25% of the variation during the statewide survey. Four sites on the White River, Delaware County, Indiana, were sampled biweekly, in the same manner as the statewide surrey, for cne year to determine seasonal variatic± in A:. hydrophila densities. The mean varied from a low of 2 CFC ml-1 in the winter months , a summer high in July of 205 CFU ml-1. No significant correlations could be found between CFU and water quality parameters during summer months. Antibiotic sensitivities were performed on 112 environmental isolates. All were resistant to ampicillin and carbenicillin and all but seven were resistant to cephalothin.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Ball State University LibrariesLibrary services and resources for knowledge buildingMasters ThesesThere is no abstract available for this thesis.

The effect of delayed freezing on muscle glycogen and lactate was investigated to determine the rate of change following excision of samples from an intact muscle. The plantaris muscle was removed and a portion frozen as quickly as possible to establish a zero time reference point. The remaining portion of the plantaris was exposed to room atmosphere for a specific time interval, either 1.00, 4.00, 5.00, 6.00, 10.00, 15.00 minutes, after which they were immediately frozen. he glycogen and lactate values for the timed intervals were subtracted from the zero or initial value. In this way the results could be reported as the net increase or decrease per time interval. The muscle glycogen analysis indicated no difference in the timed intervals (P<0.05) 1.00, 2.00, 4.00, 5.00, 6.00, but at the ten and fifteen minute intervals, significant differences were noted for a net decrease of 9.94 and 10.18 μmoles/g, respectively. In muscle lactate analysis, no significant differences were noted for any of the time intervals. The rate of utilization of glycogen was calculated as 0.523 μmoles/g/min., and lactate formation as 0.214 μmoles/g/min. This study indicates that freezing muscle biopsy specimens may be delayed as long as six minutes after removal from the subject with no significant changes.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306