The purpose of the study was to develop a sequential test method for obtaining a confidence interval in life-testing. The problem of using a maximum likelihood estimator based upon grouped data was considered. Life-times that were investigated are described by the exponential distribution. The sequential test used the length of the confidence interval as a stopping rule.The test method and necessary calculations were described. The results of using different length values as a stopping rule were compared using a computer simulation. Results are indicated in two categories: percent of time the estimate contained the true parameter value, and average number of data collection times needed to obtain the estimate. It was concluded that the test method was accurate and efficient. The length value was a considerable factor in deriving good results from the test method. It was recommended that research be continued to establish a method of choosing the best length value to be used.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

The problem addressed in this study was whether Preoperative Holding Areas minimized the preoperative anxiety of patients having a cholecystectomy. The study used a pre-experimental, descriptive design to determine the level of anxiety reported.The sample was a convenience sample consisting of forty preoperative, adult patients having a cholecystectomy. Twenty of the patients went to a Preoperative Holding Area for sedation and preparation, and twenty remained in their rooms. The instruments utilized were the A-State and A-Trait forms of Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.The hypothesis was accepted at the .05 level of significance. It was noted that the patients remaining on the floor had higher levels of Trait Anxiety.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Serum lactage dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase level were studied in sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 400 to 680 grams. Five groups of ten rats each ran forty-five minutes (16 m/min) with variable percentages of the total bout consisting of downhill running (16° incline): Group I- 0%, Group II- 22%, Group III- 50%, Group IV- 78%, Group V- 100% downhill. Group VI consisted of ten sedentary controls. Serial blood samples were obtained immediately after exercise, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 hours found to exist between a non-trained rat’s weight and its ability to finish the exercise bout and live beyond 48 hours.Each exercise group, except Group V, showed s significant decrease in the CPK activity at 24 and/or 36 hours post-exercise. Group V showed a significant elevation (P<0.05) in LDH and CPK activity at 12 hours. With the total exercise time remaining the same, a linear relationship was suggested between duration of downhill running and LDH activity at 12 and 24 hours post-exercise, r=0.5880 (n=26) and r=0.4490 (n=28), respectively.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

This thesis may be broadly divided into two parts.The first part critically discusses various aspects of path analysis as a statistical tool for abstract analysis. The second part investigates the changing pattern of nuptiality in Bangladesh by districts using 1981 census data. Path analysis has been applied to find and analyze the nature and extent the of causal relationship between the dependent variable, nuptiality and its determinants. It is observed that education, urbanization,female employment and economic development are all strongly positivelyrelatedto nuptiality. That is, formal and effective education policy combined with proper urbanization and development policies may increase the female employment rate which in turn will raise age at marriage. Further, effects of various indices through childlessness is reasonably high. This indicates that appropriate population distribution policies and introduction of insurance schemes for childless couples and couples with fewer children may indirectly put positive effect on nuptiality.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

This thesis is concerned with the asymptotic solutions of the differential equationz(2) d(3)y/dz(3) + (a0z) d(2)y/dz(2) + [b0+b1z+b2z(2)] dy/dz + (c0+ c1z) y=0Here, the variable z is complex as are the constants ai, ci(i=O,1) and bi(i=O,1,2) with b2 does not equal 0. It is also assumed that the roots of the indicial equation about z = 0 are such that the difference of no two of them is congruent to zero modular 1.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

An acid rain simulation was created under laboratory conditions to study the effects of mortality rates and developmental time of Aedes triseriatus (Say) mosquito larvae. Two hundred-forty instar 1 mosquitoes were placed into separate 120 ml glass jars containing rain water adjusted to pH 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 with a nitric acid solution. A second part of the experiment was set up like the first except a 70 percent to 30 percent sulfuric-nitric acid solution was used to adjust pH levels. Mortality and developmental time was observed until the insects reached maturity or died.No significant differences at the .05 level in mortality rates were observed between larvae raised in nitric acid solution as compared to sulfuric acid solution. However, exposures to 70 to 30% sulfuric-nitric solution resulted in a significantly (0.05) higher mortality at pH levels 4, 5, and 6 than the sulfuric acid or nitric acid exposures.Developmental time did not vary more the 0.5 days between the sulfuric acid exposure group and the nitric acid group except at pH 4.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

This paper discusses the detection of Fault Tolerance in computers. It outlines the present techniques available, namely, Anderson's and Avizienis: The writer introduces a new method based on Anderson's detection technique; this modified version turns out to be a more foolproof system. Since the shortcomings of both the 'old' techniques are discussed in detail the writer also suggests how to overcome them using the technique that he had proposed. To prove the excellence of his method, the writer applies his technique to the SIFT system to show that it is workable and superior to previous ones. Diagrams are provided for clarification.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

To improve photovoltaic system efficiencies, concentrating spectral dividers are used to separate solar light, and to focus each spectral portion onto photovoltaic cells of matching spectral response. In this investigation, an optical analysis is developed to study the feasibility for use of a Fresnel half-lens as a concentrating spectral divider. To facilitate the analysis, an existing curved-base linear Fresnel lens ray-trace model has been modified and expanded. Solar limb-darkening has been incorporated into the theory by means of a digitized sun model. The lens model allows for variation of lens geometrical characteristics. Transmission losses due to Fresnel reflection and bulk absorption are taken into account. The distribution of the concentrated solar flux in the lens image plane is modeled such that spectral regions may be examined separately. Concentration ratio profiles are used to derive and evaluate a quantity of spectral separation.A computer program has been used to generate data, based on the theoretical model, for example lenses. The spectral separation, transmission and concentration properties for each example lens have been systematically studied with respect to lens geometry. The effects of solar limb-darkening are determined by comparison with the data from a model that assumes a uniform solar source. Results of the study are discussed in detail.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

The synthesis of 7-amino-2-methylquinoline-5-8-dione (17) and 7-amino-3-methylquinoline-5,8-dione (157) are described.7-Amino-3-methylquinoline-5,8-dione (157) was prepared via alkaline hydrolysis of 7-acetamido-3-methylquinoline5,8-dione (149). 7-Acetamido-3-methylquinoline-5,8-dione (149) was prepared via the Diels-Alder reaction of 2-acetamido-6-bromo-1,4-benzoquinone (6) and 2-methyl-2propenal dimethylhydrazone (110).7-Amino-2-methylquinoline-5,8-dione (17) was prepared by the acid hydrolysis of 7-(triphenylphosphineimino)-2methylquinoline-5,8-dione (16). 7-(Triphenylphosphineimino)2-methylquinoline-5,8-dione (16) was prepared by tie treatment of 7-azido-2-methylquinoline-5,3-dione (15) with triphenylphosphine. 7-Azido-2-methylquinoline-5,8-dione (15) was prepared by treating 7-bromo-2-methylquinoline-5,8-dione (14) with sodium azide. The structures of the new compounds 15, 16, 17,149 and 157 were confirmed using MP, NMR, IR, MS and HRMS data. NMR, IR and MS data for known compounds 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 are included for future reference.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

This study was undertaken to determine where adolescents obtain their health care. A survey form was sent to four high schools in this state which reported urban, suburban, and rural populations. This questionnaire contained 18 items designed to determine demographic statistics about the study population as well as to identify their source of health care. Results from the 569 respondents were tabulated and analyzed. Most of this 15-16 year old adolescent group considered their doctor to be a family doctor. It was to a family doctor that most adolescents turned to for medical care. Other physicians and health care providers delivered some of the care but usually the family physician was the most frequent care giver. Adolescents are felt to be an underserved group of patients and the results of this study could be used to channel more efforts toward delivery of their health care. Conclusions drawn here reveal that family physicians do provide most of an adolescent's care.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306