The effect of air pollutant emissions in the Indianapolis "Metropolitan area on the acidification of snow was studied. In the winter of 1979-80, several snowfall events were analyzed to determine the levels of acidity in precipitation. This study revealed that the Indianapolis Metropolitan area is contributing to the acidity of its snow. Samples collected near the city were more acidic than those in the outlying rural areas.The impact of meteorological elements, size specific atmospheric particle concentrations and total suspended particulates on prevailing visibility in the greater Indianapolis Metropolitan area was also studied. The most important factors which statistically contributed to decreased visibility were relative humidity, wind speed and total suspended particulates as measured by high volume sampling.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Family practice physicians receive many non-emergency after-hours phone calls. Patients themselves could care for non-emergencies until their doctor is in his office. The purpose of this study is the development and testing of a patient information booklet to provide patient education for non-emergency self care. The booklet will hopefully result in better home health care and a reduction of non-emergency after-hours phone calls. The booklet could be a valuable asset for the family physician for both patient education and the reduction of physician occupational dissatisfaction.This booklet will also provide information about the Ball Memorial Hospital Family Practice Center and the specialty of Family Practice. This study will suggest a method to determine if such a booklet actually reduces the number of non-emergency after-hours phone calls received by residents of the Family Practice Center.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

The seasonal succession and productivity of the phytoplankton populations in Lake Waubee and Lake of the Woods, Indiana, were investigated from November 1980 to August 1981. Algal community dynamics were related to seasonal variations and interactions of several physical, chemical, and biological factors.Algal bianass maxima coincided with increases in light, nutrients, temperature, and turbulence during fall and spring overturn and in early to mid-summer. Growth characteristics and vertical distribution of bianass varied greatly from season to season with shifts in species composition and were indicative of productive lakes.The periodicity and distribution of in situ rates of primary productivity were also characteristic of fertile lakes. Integral photosynthesis ranged from 200 to 300 mg C m2 h-1, indicating mesotrophic to eutrophic conditions.Bioassays for nutrient limitation indicate that algal growth in both lakes is phosphorus-limited during the summer months. Ambient concentrations and loading rates of nitrogen and phosphorus indicate that restoration-management strategies should focus on phosphorus reduction and removal.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Groundwater contamination by landfill generated leachate is a problem that is increasingly addressed for proposed and existing landfill sites.This thesis examines groundwater contamination movement from the abandoned Delaware County Municipal landfill. The site is located in the crest of a highly permeable sand and gravel glacial esker which allows for rapid movement of ground water and any contaminants introduced into it.The landfill site was originally investigated in the late 1970's by Ed Lusch, a graduate student at the Ball State University Geology Department. That study showed some indications of ground water contamination movement to about 400 feet west of the site, in the direction of ground water flow. This indicated position of a contamination plume suggested that leachate, generated from the landfill site, had moved to that position since (or possibly before) the closing of the landfill in 1971.The present study, using a combination of surface resistivity methods, on-site test wells, and chemical analyses of ground water, attempted to determine the degree of contamination movement from the site since the original study and the extent to which the local aquifer had been affected. Results of this investigation revealed an apparent slow movement of leachate from the landfill westward towards the Mississinewa River, also in the direction of ground water flow. Surface resistivity methods of this study revealed the plume of contamination (indicated by resistivity "low" area) to now exist at approximately the same location as indicated in the earlier study, but to have expanded laterally. This investigation also found indications of the contamination plume well into the underlying fractured dolostone.Chemical analyses of nearby residential wells also revealed slightly elevated amounts of chloride, ammonia and specific conductivity in the ground water of the glacial esker south of the abandoned landfill site. The presence of three other dump sites, including a sludge dump, along the esker south of the landfill, offers questions as to the source of ground water contamination.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Awareness, use and attitude by Indiana secondary school vocational agriculture/agribusiness and social science educators toward soil survey reports were determined using a mailed questionnaire. Results were analyzed based on teaching discipline and geographic location (urban and rural). In general, social science respondents were not aware of and did not use soil survey reports as a teaching aid whereas vocational agriculture/ agribusiness respondents did. The majority of educators responded positively to statements regarding usefulness of soil surveys. No significant differences were found between urban and rural areas. Results indicated that teaching discipline was the critical factor in educator use of soil surveys.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

The object of this research, conducted between December 8, 1970, and August 27, 1971, was to assess the effect of pollution on benthic macroinvertebrates in Halfway Creek and the Mississinewa River at Albany, Indiana.Data related to macroinvertebrate composition, population density and distribution were obtained through the utilization of Surber and Coleman Pot Samplers. Physical and chemical characteristics were determined using Standard Methods to provide background data for the biological conditions encountered.Data from diversity and standard deviation indices were analyzed separately, and then combined to produce three pollution categories indicating degree of water quality degradation. The diversity index evaluated organically enriched situations but was inadequate in evaluating toxic chemical situations. The standard deviation index indicated toxic conditions, but failed to interpret population dominance satisfactorily.The indices and pollution category data indicated substandard water quality in Halfway Creek. At the confluence of the two streams limiting and selective effects of pollution produced subtle population changes of macroinvertebrates that were measurable by indices and pollution category data. Supportive data from seasonal life histories, decrease of organisms known to be sensitive to toxic and organic wastes, and chemical data indicated a decrease in quality of the Mississinewa River near the mouth of Halfway Creek as compared to its upstream condition.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

The academic and geographic origins of current members of the Genetics Society of America who are listed in the 1979 edition of American Men and Women of Science were investigated. The 1,186 geneticists included in this study received their baccalaureate degrees from 393 different institutions of higher education. The 1,194 doctorates granted were awarded by 143 different institutions.Also included in the investigation was a study of the geneticists' ages, areas of specialization, places of employment, and length of time for graduate work. In addition, data about male and female members of the Genetics Society of America were compared and contrasted.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306