No description available.

The behaviour of limited subassemblages with flexible beans and semi-rigid beam to column connections was studied using a computer program in which the finite element method was employed in a non-linear analysis which accounts for the presence of semi-rigid connections and the inelastic behaviour of frames. The program accounts for many other factors such as initial imperfections and residual stresses. The theoretical background to the present computer program has been presented along with the program layout. The program was used to simulate some of the experimental results obtained from tests on rigidly and flexibly connected frames with different combinations of beam and column loads. The analytical results were found to compare reasonably well with the experimental results. The program was also used to simulate a series of I-shaped subassemblages that were tested at the University of Sheffield. Comparisons were made between the analytical and experimental results characterized by the maximum loads, load-deflection curves and load- moment curves. Good agreement was obtained between the analytical and the experimental load-deflection curves for all of the cases considered. The general trends of the measured and calculated load- moment curves for most cases were found to be comparable. The recommendations given in B35950 for the design of columns in simple construction were applied to all cases in the last series and were found unconservative in the cases of balanced loading and conservative in the cases of unbalanced loads. A limited parametric study was conducted to study the effects of semi-rigid joints, bean flexibility and type of loading. In this study, an I-shaped subassemblage was analysed for different load types and different types of beam to column connections. A substantial effect was recognized due to the presence of semi-rigid connections whether or not a beam load was applied. Beam flexibility was also seen to affect the carrying capacity of the subassemblage under the action of column load only although this effect was less noticeable than that of the connection flexibility. The presence of beam load was found to result in an unexpected interaction curve which relates the total force in the column to the moment that is transmitted to the column's end. An almost linear relationship with negative gradient seems to exist between the column and beam loads. It is pointed out that all the findings of the present study are based on the range of cases considered in the parametric study but it is suggested that they serve as indicators to the behaviour of any the subassemblage under axial load oniy or axial load combined with beam loads. A few recommendations for future work are presented.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第17884号 / 工博第3793号 / 新制||工||1580(附属図書館) / 30704 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科建築学専攻 / (主査)教授 中島 正愛, 教授 田中 仁史, 教授 金子 佳生 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

O atrativo estético proporcionado pela forma arredondada é o fator que na maioria das vezes determina a utilização de estruturas tubulares circulares. É crescente a concepção de pórticos formados por colunas tubulares e as tradicionais vigas de seção I. Esse tipo de ligação ainda é pouco estudado no Brasil, e esse trabalho busca avançar no entendimento do comportamento estrutural dessas ligações. Foram realizados estudos analíticos, numéricos e experimentais em quatro configurações de ligação, com diafragmas externos transversais, chapa de alma, soldas, parafusos e enrijecedor. Avaliou-se a relação M-\'fi\' (momento-rotação) das ligações estudadas e os parâmetros envolvidos como resistência, rigidez e ductilidade, evidenciando-se o modo de colapso das ligações. O estudo analítico foi desenvolvido baseado nas recomendações do Eurocode 3 (2005), com a utilização do Método das Componentes. A análise numérica, através do Método dos Elementos Finitos, foi realizada por meio dos programas computacionais TRUEGRID® e ANSYS®. Os modelos numéricos consideram as características mecânicas do aço, como plastificação, encruamento e não-linearidades geométricas e de contato. As formulações do Eurocode 3 (2005), adaptadas para a determinação da resistência das ligações viga-coluna, apresentaram resultados coerentes e a análise numérica foi representativa frente aos resultados experimentais. A utilização de diafragmas externos conectados à viga apresentou boa funcionalidade, ajudando na distribuição das tensões na região da ligação, melhorando o comportamento da coluna. / The aesthetic appeal provided by the round shape is the factor that mostly determines the use of circular tubular structures. There is an increasing conception of structures formed by hollow columns and traditional beams of section I. This type of connection hasn\' t been sufficiently studied in Brazil, and this paper tries to advance the comprehension of the structural behavior of these connections. Analytical, numerical, and experimental study were performed in four connections configurations, with transverse external diaphragms, web plate, welds, bolts and stiffener. The relation M-\'fi\' (moment-rotation) of the studied connections and the parameters involved such as strength, stiffness and ductility were evaluated, evidencing the failure mode of connections. The analytical study was developed based on recommendations of Eurocode 3 (2005) using the Method of Components. The numerical analysis using the Finite Element Method was performed with the computer programs TRUEGRID® and ANSYS®. The numerical models consider the mechanical characteristics of steel, such as yielding and hardening, and also the geometric and contact nonlinearity. The formulations of Eurocode 3 (2005), adapted for determining the strength of beam-column connections, showed coherent results and the numerical analysis was representative compared to experimental results. The use of external diaphragm connected to the beam showed good functionality, helping in the distribution of stress in the region of connection, improving the behavior of the column.

As estruturas tubulares, muitas vezes, têm sua aplicação restrita a construções onde a concepção arquitetônica determina o seu uso, no entanto há algumas vantagens do ponto de vista estrutural que podem justificar a sua aplicação. A reduzida área exposta ao fogo e aos ambientes agressivos, boa resistência a compressão axial com baixa tendência ao desenvolvimento de instabilidades localizadas, são algumas das vantagens da utilização destas estruturas. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é analisar numericamente o comportamento da ligação entre viga de seção I com coluna tubular circular, para tanto são consideradas configurações usuais de ligação com anéis externos transversais e chapa de alma. É ainda objetivo trazer um panorama das estruturas tubulares em geral, com o desenvolvimento histórico das pesquisas, e principalmente estabelecer uma compilação dos procedimentos analíticos de cálculo e classificação apresentados pelas normas Eurocode 3 e ANSI/AISC. A análise numérica foi realizada por meio dos pacotes comerciais TRUEGRID® e ANSYS®, os quais aplicam o método dos elementos finitos. Foram empregados modelos que consideram as características mecânicas do aço, como plastificação e encruamento, e ainda as não-linearidades geométricas e de contato. Os resultados numéricos apresentaram coerência razoável com os modelos analíticos normativos. Foi possível o conhecimento do comportamento M-\'fi\' (momento-rotação) das ligações, bem como a determinação dos parâmetros que caracterizam tal relação, como resistência, rigidez inicial e ductilidade. Os estudos comprovaram a eficácia dos anéis externos na distribuição dos esforços oriundos do engastamento parcial da viga, fazendo com que a coluna não seja comprometida. / The application of tubular structures is usually restricted to constructions on which the architectural conception demands them. However, there are also several structural advantages which justify their usage, such as a) reduced exposed area concerning fire and agressive environments; b) high axial compression resistance; c) high local buckling resistance. The aim of this work is the numerical analysis on the behavior of the I beam-circular hollow column connection, usually constituted by an external ring with single plate. It is presented a general view about the researchers development over the years on tubular structures focusing the compilation of the analytical design procedures and Eurocode 3 and ANSI/AISC classification as well. Finite element method softwares TRUEGRID and ANSYS are used for the numerical analysis in order to consider steel mechanical properties such as yielding, hardening and also geometric and contact nonlinearities. Numerical results present good agreement to codes\' analytical models. Analysis lead to understanding the connection\'s moment-rotation behavior and some of its parameters such as resistance, initial stiffness and ductility. It is shown external rings significantlly improve the semi-rigid connections stress distribution at the columns face.

As estruturas tubulares, muitas vezes, têm sua aplicação restrita a construções onde a concepção arquitetônica determina o seu uso, no entanto há algumas vantagens do ponto de vista estrutural que podem justificar a sua aplicação. A reduzida área exposta ao fogo e aos ambientes agressivos, boa resistência a compressão axial com baixa tendência ao desenvolvimento de instabilidades localizadas, são algumas das vantagens da utilização destas estruturas. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é analisar numericamente o comportamento da ligação entre viga de seção I com coluna tubular circular, para tanto são consideradas configurações usuais de ligação com anéis externos transversais e chapa de alma. É ainda objetivo trazer um panorama das estruturas tubulares em geral, com o desenvolvimento histórico das pesquisas, e principalmente estabelecer uma compilação dos procedimentos analíticos de cálculo e classificação apresentados pelas normas Eurocode 3 e ANSI/AISC. A análise numérica foi realizada por meio dos pacotes comerciais TRUEGRID® e ANSYS®, os quais aplicam o método dos elementos finitos. Foram empregados modelos que consideram as características mecânicas do aço, como plastificação e encruamento, e ainda as não-linearidades geométricas e de contato. Os resultados numéricos apresentaram coerência razoável com os modelos analíticos normativos. Foi possível o conhecimento do comportamento M-\'fi\' (momento-rotação) das ligações, bem como a determinação dos parâmetros que caracterizam tal relação, como resistência, rigidez inicial e ductilidade. Os estudos comprovaram a eficácia dos anéis externos na distribuição dos esforços oriundos do engastamento parcial da viga, fazendo com que a coluna não seja comprometida. / The application of tubular structures is usually restricted to constructions on which the architectural conception demands them. However, there are also several structural advantages which justify their usage, such as a) reduced exposed area concerning fire and agressive environments; b) high axial compression resistance; c) high local buckling resistance. The aim of this work is the numerical analysis on the behavior of the I beam-circular hollow column connection, usually constituted by an external ring with single plate. It is presented a general view about the researchers development over the years on tubular structures focusing the compilation of the analytical design procedures and Eurocode 3 and ANSI/AISC classification as well. Finite element method softwares TRUEGRID and ANSYS are used for the numerical analysis in order to consider steel mechanical properties such as yielding, hardening and also geometric and contact nonlinearities. Numerical results present good agreement to codes\' analytical models. Analysis lead to understanding the connection\'s moment-rotation behavior and some of its parameters such as resistance, initial stiffness and ductility. It is shown external rings significantlly improve the semi-rigid connections stress distribution at the columns face.

O atrativo estético proporcionado pela forma arredondada é o fator que na maioria das vezes determina a utilização de estruturas tubulares circulares. É crescente a concepção de pórticos formados por colunas tubulares e as tradicionais vigas de seção I. Esse tipo de ligação ainda é pouco estudado no Brasil, e esse trabalho busca avançar no entendimento do comportamento estrutural dessas ligações. Foram realizados estudos analíticos, numéricos e experimentais em quatro configurações de ligação, com diafragmas externos transversais, chapa de alma, soldas, parafusos e enrijecedor. Avaliou-se a relação M-\'fi\' (momento-rotação) das ligações estudadas e os parâmetros envolvidos como resistência, rigidez e ductilidade, evidenciando-se o modo de colapso das ligações. O estudo analítico foi desenvolvido baseado nas recomendações do Eurocode 3 (2005), com a utilização do Método das Componentes. A análise numérica, através do Método dos Elementos Finitos, foi realizada por meio dos programas computacionais TRUEGRID® e ANSYS®. Os modelos numéricos consideram as características mecânicas do aço, como plastificação, encruamento e não-linearidades geométricas e de contato. As formulações do Eurocode 3 (2005), adaptadas para a determinação da resistência das ligações viga-coluna, apresentaram resultados coerentes e a análise numérica foi representativa frente aos resultados experimentais. A utilização de diafragmas externos conectados à viga apresentou boa funcionalidade, ajudando na distribuição das tensões na região da ligação, melhorando o comportamento da coluna. / The aesthetic appeal provided by the round shape is the factor that mostly determines the use of circular tubular structures. There is an increasing conception of structures formed by hollow columns and traditional beams of section I. This type of connection hasn\' t been sufficiently studied in Brazil, and this paper tries to advance the comprehension of the structural behavior of these connections. Analytical, numerical, and experimental study were performed in four connections configurations, with transverse external diaphragms, web plate, welds, bolts and stiffener. The relation M-\'fi\' (moment-rotation) of the studied connections and the parameters involved such as strength, stiffness and ductility were evaluated, evidencing the failure mode of connections. The analytical study was developed based on recommendations of Eurocode 3 (2005) using the Method of Components. The numerical analysis using the Finite Element Method was performed with the computer programs TRUEGRID® and ANSYS®. The numerical models consider the mechanical characteristics of steel, such as yielding and hardening, and also the geometric and contact nonlinearity. The formulations of Eurocode 3 (2005), adapted for determining the strength of beam-column connections, showed coherent results and the numerical analysis was representative compared to experimental results. The use of external diaphragm connected to the beam showed good functionality, helping in the distribution of stress in the region of connection, improving the behavior of the column.

Kyoto University (京都大学) / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第15367号 / 工博第3246号 / 新制||工||1488(附属図書館) / 27845 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科建築学専攻 / (主査)教授 中島 正愛, 教授 林 康裕, 教授 吹田 啓一郎 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当

Yes / Elliptical Hollow Sections (EHSs) have been utilized in construction recently because of their visual appearance as well as the potential structural efficiency owing to the presence of the two principle axes. However, little information currently exists for the design of beam to elliptical column connections, which is an essential part of a building structure. Thus, to ensure the safe and economic application of EHSs, a new research project has been initiated. Rotation behaviour of simply bolted beam to concrete-filled elliptical steel column connections was investigated experimentally. Various joint types were considered and the benefits of adopting core concrete and stiffeners were highlighted. This paper covers the experimental studies and simulation of the connections using the ABAQUS standard solver. Comparisons of failure modes and moment vs. rotation relationships of the connections between numerical and experimental results were given. Good agreement has been obtained and the developed finite element model was therefore adopted to conduct a preliminary parametric study to explore the effect of critical parameters on the structural behaviour of beam to concrete-filled elliptical column connections.

Yes / This paper investigated the rotation behaviour of simply bolted I-beam to concrete-filled elliptical steel tubular (CFEST) column connections experimentally. Ten different joint assemblies were tested to failure, with a constant axial compressive load applied to the column and upwards concentrated loads at the beam ends. All of the steel tubes were hot-finished and had a cross-sectional aspect ratio of 2. The orientation of the column and the arrangement of the stiffening plates were taken into consideration. Moment versus rotation relationships and failure modes were compared for each joint, highlighting the benefits of using core concrete and stiffeners in these connections.