abstract: Pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) has been described as the knowledge teachers' use in the process of designing and implementing lessons to a particular group of students. This includes the most effective representations that make the content understandable to students, together with the preconceptions and misconceptions that students hold. For chemistry, students have been found to have difficulty with the discipline due to its reliance upon three levels of representation called the triplet: the macro, the submicro, and the symbolic. This study examines eight beginning chemistry teachers' depiction of the chemistry content through the triplet relationship and modifications as a result of considering students' understanding across the teacher's first three years in the classroom. The data collected included classroom observations, interviews, and artifacts for the purpose of triangulation. The analysis of the data revealed that beginning chemistry teachers utilized the abstract components, submicro and symbolic, primarily in the first year. However, the teachers began to engage more macro representations over time building a more developed instructional repertoire. Additionally, teachers' developed an awareness of and responded to their students' understanding of learning atomic structure during the second and third year teaching. The results of this study call for preservice and induction programs to help novice chemistry teachers build a beginning repertoire that focuses on the triplet relationship. In so doing, the teachers enter the classroom with a repertoire that allows them to address the needs of their students. Finally, the study suggests that the triplet relationship framework should be revisited to include an additional component that frames learning to account for socioscientific issues and historical contributions. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Curriculum and Instruction 2012

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:32:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elaine Gomes Matheus Furlan.pdf: 2000107 bytes, checksum: 378bf2b0aeb8d35c205c033710a96b51 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-15 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The present work had as objectives: to widen the comprehension about the formation of teachers by means of a study in the perspective of the beginning Chemistry teacher, focusing on the ingression conditions to the teaching career, its process of socialization and professional identity construction; to investigate the learning of the profession by these acting teachers in high school, considering the particularities of this step in the elementary school; to compare how this process works in the public and private schools of Araraquara/SP. Based on theoretical references that, on one hand, discuss questions related to the scholar culture, such as Pérez Gómez (1998) and Julia (2001) and, on the other hand, relate to aspects about socialization and professional identity construction such as Berger and Luckmann (2007) and Dubar (2005), the research tries to figure out how the process of socialization and professional identity construction works for the beginning Chemistry teachers in a new scholar environment, involving the transmission of scholar culture, its rules, hierarchy, values, rituals and powers, by the other agents of the school. The following hypothesis guided the study: a) there is an installed, sedimented culture and different in each scholar organization, with some common aspects and others may vary, which is evidenced in the socialization process of the pairs, mainly regarding the beginning teachers; b) there is significant difference between the high school from private and public schools, mainly regarding the forms of organization, levels of freedom and autonomy, influencing the interactions that the actors establish among themselves and, consequently, in the construction of their professional identities; c) the operational construction of identity also implies on the acquisition of legitimate knowledge that permit the elaboration of practical strategies and the affirmation of a recognized identity, involving the sharing of the language, codes and its use in direct relations, promoting stable as well as provisory results of socialization processes; d) the beginning teachers are taken to endorse or to refuse the identification that they receive from institutions and from the relation with peers and other actors from the school, according to the paths (biographical and relational) lived throughout their pathway. It is an empirical research, of qualitative nature, whose methodology includes the use of questionnaires to carry out preliminary studies aiming the survey of all 29 high schools (15 public/state and 14 private) in the city of Araraquara/SP, the elaboration of a profile of the 42 Chemistry teachers and the identification of the 14 beginning teachers, besides in-depth interviews with these beginning teachers. The data, collected from 2008-2009, was mapped, organized in charts and tables and analyzed with the aid of the following analysis categories: personal and familiar characteristics of the teachers; informal education, personal and social life; formal education and experiences from the scholar environment; the course of graduation in Chemistry and its preparation for the profession; the teaching profession and the beginning chemistry teacher; the work of the beginning Chemistry teacher (and its deployments), the process of socialization in the scholar environment and the interaction with the school s culture. The results obtained confirmed the hypothesis and allow us to affirm that the socialization processes involve individual and collective aspects, stable and provisory and result in the identities of the beginning Chemistry teachers which are marked by the duality of the relational and biographical processes facing the scholar culture / O presente trabalho teve como objetivos: ampliar a compreensão sobre formação de professores por meio de um estudo na perspectiva do professor iniciante de Química, focalizando as condições de ingresso na carreira docente, seu processo de socialização e construção de identidade profissional; investigar a aprendizagem da profissão por esses professores atuantes no ensino médio, considerando as particularidades desta etapa do ensino básico; comparar como se dá esse processo nas escolas públicas e particulares do município de Araraquara/SP. Com base em referenciais teóricos que discutem, de um lado, questões relacionadas à cultura escolar como Pérez Gómez (1998) e Julia (2001) e, de outro lado, aspectos sobre socialização e construção de identidade profissional como Berger e Luckmann (2007) e Dubar (2005), a pesquisa procura desvendar como se dá o processo de socialização e construção de identidade profissional dos professores iniciantes de Química em face de um ambiente escolar novo, envolvendo a transmissão da cultura escolar, suas regras, hierarquias, valores, rituais e poderes, pelos demais agentes da escola. Nortearam o estudo, as seguintes hipóteses: a) existe uma cultura instaurada, sedimentada e diferente em cada organização escolar, com alguns aspectos comuns e outros variantes, que é evidenciada no processo de socialização entre os pares, principalmente em relação aos professores principiantes; b) há diferenças significativas entre o ensino médio das escolas particulares e das públicas, especialmente em relação às formas de organização, graus de liberdade e autonomia, influenciando nas interações que os atores estabelecem entre si e, conseqüentemente, na construção de suas identidades profissionais; c) a construção operacional da identidade implica, também, na aquisição de saberes legítimos que permitam a elaboração de estratégias práticas e a afirmação de uma identidade reconhecida, envolvendo o compartilhamento de linguagem, códigos e sua utilização em relações diretas, proporcionando resultados, tanto estáveis quanto provisórios, de processos de socialização; d) os professores iniciantes são levados a endossar ou a recusar as identificações que recebem das instituições e da relação com os pares e demais atores da escola, de acordo com os percursos (biográfico e relacional) vivenciados ao longo de suas trajetórias. Trata-se de pesquisa empírica, de natureza qualitativa, cuja metodologia inclui o uso de questionários para realização de estudo preliminar com vistas ao levantamento das 29 escolas (15 públicas/estaduais e 14 particulares) de ensino médio do município de Araraquara-SP, elaboração de perfil dos 42 professores de Química e identificação dos 14 iniciantes, além de entrevistas em profundidade com esses iniciantes localizados. Os dados, coletados no período de 2008-2009, foram mapeados, organizados em quadros e tabelas e analisados com o auxílio das seguintes categorias de análise: características pessoais e do âmbito familiar dos professores; educação informal, vida pessoal e social; educação formal e experiências vivenciadas no ambiente escolar; o curso de licenciatura em Química e o preparo para a profissão; a profissão docente e o professor iniciante de Química; o trabalho do professor iniciante (e seus desdobramentos), processos de socialização no ambiente escolar e a interação com a cultura da escola. Os resultados obtidos confirmaram as hipóteses e permitem afirmar que os processos de socialização envolvem aspectos individuais e coletivos, estáveis e provisórios e resultam nas identidades dos iniciantes de Química que são marcadas pela dualidade dos processos relacional e biográfico em face da cultura escolar