Large mass splittings between new scalars in two-Higgs-doublet models (2HDM) open a key avenue to search for these new states via exotic heavy Higgs decays. We discuss in detail the different search channels for these new scalars at the LHC in the presence of a sizable mass splitting, i.e. a hierarchical 2HDM scenario, taking into account the theoretical and experimental constraints. We provide benchmark planes to exploit the complementarity among these searches, analyzing their potential to probe the hierarchical 2HDM parameter space during LHC Run 2.

The objective of this thesis is to derive a supersymmetric Lagrangian for fermionic fields with mass dimension one and to discuss their coupling to the O'Raifeartaigh model which is the simplest model permitting supersymmetry breaking. In addition it will be shown that eigenspinors of the charge conjugation operator (ELKO) exhibit a different transformation behaviour under discrete symmetries than previously assumed.<p> The calculations confirm that ELKO spinors are not eigenspinors of the parity operator and satisfy (<i>CPT</i>)² = - 1 which identifies them as representation of a nonstandard Wigner class. However, it is found that ELKO spinors transform symmetrically under parity instead of the previously assumed asymmetry. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that ELKO spinors transform asymmetrically under time reversal which is opposite to the previously reported symmetric behaviour. These changes affect the (anti)commutation relations that are satisfied by the operators acting on ELKO spinors. Therefore, ELKO spinors satisfy the same (anti)commutation relations as Dirac spinors, even though they belong to two different representations of the Lorentz group.<p> Afterwards, a supersymmetric model for fermionic fields with mass dimension one based on a general superfield with one spinor index is formulated. It includes the systematic derivation of all associated chiral and anti-chiral superfields up to third order in covariant derivatives. Starting from these fundamental superfields a supersymmetric on-shell Lagrangian that contains a kinetic term for the fermionic fields with mass dimension one is constructed. This on-shell Lagrangian is subsequently used to derive the on-shell supercurrent and to successfully formulate a consistent second quantisation for the component fields. In addition, the Hamiltonian in position space that corresponds to the supersymmetric Lagrangian is calculated. As the Lagrangian is by construction supersymmetric and the second quantisation of the component fields is consistent with their general supertranslations, the Hamiltonian is positive definite. This is confirmed by the results for the Hamiltonian in momentum space and the derivation of the creation and annihilation operators in momentum space. Based on these results, fermionic fields with mass dimension one represent an intriguing candidate for supersymmetric dark matter.<p> As an application the coupling of the fermionic fields with mass dimension one to the O'Raifeartaigh model is discussed. It turns out that the coupled model has two distinct solutions. The first solution representing a local minimum of the superpotential spontaneously breaks supersymmetry in perfect analogy to the O'Raifeartaigh model. The second solution is more intriguing as it corresponds to a global minimum of the superpotential. In this case the coupling to the fermionic sector restores supersymmetry. This is, however, achieved at the cost of breaking Lorentz invariance. Finally, the mass matrices for the multiplets of the coupled model are presented. It turns out that it contains two bosonic triplets and one fermionic doublet which are mass multiplets. In addition it contains a massless fermionic doublet as well as one fermionic triplet which is not a mass multiplet but rather an interaction multiplet that contains component fields of different mass dimension.<p> These results show that the presented model for fermionic fields with mass dimension one is a viable candidate for supersymmetric dark matter that could be accessible to experiments in the near future.

The objective of this thesis is to derive a supersymmetric Lagrangian for fermionic fields with mass dimension one and to discuss their coupling to the O'Raifeartaigh model which is the simplest model permitting supersymmetry breaking. In addition it will be shown that eigenspinors of the charge conjugation operator (ELKO) exhibit a different transformation behaviour under discrete symmetries than previously assumed.<p> The calculations confirm that ELKO spinors are not eigenspinors of the parity operator and satisfy (<i>CPT</i>)² = - 1 which identifies them as representation of a nonstandard Wigner class. However, it is found that ELKO spinors transform symmetrically under parity instead of the previously assumed asymmetry. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that ELKO spinors transform asymmetrically under time reversal which is opposite to the previously reported symmetric behaviour. These changes affect the (anti)commutation relations that are satisfied by the operators acting on ELKO spinors. Therefore, ELKO spinors satisfy the same (anti)commutation relations as Dirac spinors, even though they belong to two different representations of the Lorentz group.<p> Afterwards, a supersymmetric model for fermionic fields with mass dimension one based on a general superfield with one spinor index is formulated. It includes the systematic derivation of all associated chiral and anti-chiral superfields up to third order in covariant derivatives. Starting from these fundamental superfields a supersymmetric on-shell Lagrangian that contains a kinetic term for the fermionic fields with mass dimension one is constructed. This on-shell Lagrangian is subsequently used to derive the on-shell supercurrent and to successfully formulate a consistent second quantisation for the component fields. In addition, the Hamiltonian in position space that corresponds to the supersymmetric Lagrangian is calculated. As the Lagrangian is by construction supersymmetric and the second quantisation of the component fields is consistent with their general supertranslations, the Hamiltonian is positive definite. This is confirmed by the results for the Hamiltonian in momentum space and the derivation of the creation and annihilation operators in momentum space. Based on these results, fermionic fields with mass dimension one represent an intriguing candidate for supersymmetric dark matter.<p> As an application the coupling of the fermionic fields with mass dimension one to the O'Raifeartaigh model is discussed. It turns out that the coupled model has two distinct solutions. The first solution representing a local minimum of the superpotential spontaneously breaks supersymmetry in perfect analogy to the O'Raifeartaigh model. The second solution is more intriguing as it corresponds to a global minimum of the superpotential. In this case the coupling to the fermionic sector restores supersymmetry. This is, however, achieved at the cost of breaking Lorentz invariance. Finally, the mass matrices for the multiplets of the coupled model are presented. It turns out that it contains two bosonic triplets and one fermionic doublet which are mass multiplets. In addition it contains a massless fermionic doublet as well as one fermionic triplet which is not a mass multiplet but rather an interaction multiplet that contains component fields of different mass dimension.<p> These results show that the presented model for fermionic fields with mass dimension one is a viable candidate for supersymmetric dark matter that could be accessible to experiments in the near future.

Orientador: Marcelo Moraes Guzzo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T08:14:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VanegasForero_David_M.pdf: 1733110 bytes, checksum: 29e0f28a1fe9c2a5a633d3b0f7abcaf3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Estudamos as restrições fenomenologicas dos parâmetros das interações não-padrão de neutrinos (NSNI) com elétrons, usando os efeitos dessas interações tanto na detecção quanto na propagação, de maneira independente do modelo. As NSNI, a baixa energia, foram geradas da invariância pelo grupo de gauge do modelo padrão (SM), evitando os processos de léptons carregados a nível de árvore. Essas NSNI foram somadas às interações a baixa energia descritas pelo SM, razão pela qual consideramos que o efeito das novas interações é de segunda ordem. No caso dos efeitos na detecção , usamos as modificações das NSNI nas seções de choque: do espalhamento elástico de (anti)neutrinos por elétrons e do processo de aniquilação de pares em neutrinos. Para a restrição via seções de choque do espalhamento elástico, usamos experimentos de reatores e aceleradores, e para o caso da seção de choque do processo de aniquilação de pares produzindo neutrinos, usamos os quatro experimentos de LEP. No caso dos efeitos na propagação, calculamos as modificações as probabilidades de oscilação e revisamos as restrições dos parâmetros das NSNI diagonais (FDNI) com elétrons, calculadas na literatura usando experimentos solares mais KamLAND. Os parâmetros das FDNI com muons foram desconsiderados devido ao fato de serem muito restritos pelos processos dos léptons carregados que violam sabor. Dado o número de parâmetros, optamos por fazer a variação de dois deles ao mesmo tempo, fazendo os restantes igual a zero. Para os parâmetros do sabor a = e, incrementamos o número de experimentos em relação à literatura, e encontramos também quatro regiões possíveis restritas pelos experimentos de espalhamento elástico. A inclusão de LEP diminuiu o número de regiões a dois, com o que na análise global obtivemos os valores: -0.06 < e eR ee < 0.04 e - 0.02 < e eL ee < 0.10 (90% C.L.), ao redor do ponto descrito pelo SM, os quais são mais restritivos que os reportados na literatura. Recalculamos os parâmetros do sabor a = ? , e encontramos os valores - 0.47 < ? eRTT < 0.67 e -0.68 < ? eLTT < 0.46 (99% C.L.). Da comparação dos parâmetros restritos com experimentos solares mais KamLAND da literatura com os experimentos terrestres recalculados por nós vimos que são comparáveis. Os valores dos parâmetros, que são menores que a unidade, confirrmam que as NSNI ocupam um papel secundário, onde o SM continua descrevendo os dados / Abstract: We studied the phenomenological constrains of the Non-standard Neutrino Interactions (NSNI) parameters with electrons, using it's e ects in both detection and propagation, in a independent model way. Low energy NSNI were generated from the gauge invariant condition under the standard model (SM) gauge group, without the charged lepton flavor violation process at tree level. The NSNI were added to the effective low energy SM Lagrangian, and that is why we consider it's effect as sub-leading. In the detection case, we used the NSNI modifications to the cross sections: of the elastic scattering of (anti)neutrinos off electrons and the electron positron annihilation producing neutrinos. In the restriction from cross sections of elastic scattering process, we used reactor and accelerator data, and for the cross section of the annihilation process we used the four LEP experiments. For the propagation case, we calculated the modifications to the oscillation probability and we reviewed the restrictions to the diagonal parameters of the NSNI with electrons (FDNI), which were calculated in the literature from solar plus KamLAND data. We did not consider the NSNI for the muon flavor, because it's parameters are very constrained by the upper limits of the charged lepton flavor violating process. Due to the number of parameters, we have decided to make the variation of the two parameters at time, equaling the other two to zero. In order to calculate the parameter of flavor a = e, we added new experiments in relation with the literature and we also found four possible regions limited by the scattering data. By adding LEP data, we reduced the number of regions to two and obtained for the global analysis the parameters: -0.06 < e eR ee < 0.04 e - 0.02 < e eL ee < 0.10 (90% C.L.) calculated from the SM point those parameters are more restrictive than the literature ones. We recalculated the parameters of flavor a = ? and we obtained the values - 0.47 < ? eRTT < 0.67 and -0.68 < ? eLTT < 0.46 (99% C.L.). The parameter constrained with solar plus KamLAND data from the literature are comparable to the terrestrial calculated by us. The parameters values are less than the unity pointed the sub-leading NSNI effect, whereas the SM continue describing the data / Mestrado / Teoria Geral de Partículas e Campos / Mestre em Física

In a recent paper we studied the effect of new-physics operators with different Lorentz structures on the semileptonic Λb → Λcτν¯τ decay. This decay is of interest in light of the R(D(∗)) puzzle in the semileptonic B¯ → D(∗)τν¯τ decays. In this work we add tensor operators to extend our previous results and consider both model-independent new physics (NP) and specific classes of models proposed to address the R(D(∗)) puzzle. We show that a measurement of R(Λc) = B[Λb → Λcτν¯τ ]/B[Λb → Λcℓν¯ℓ] can strongly constrain the NP parameters of models discussed for the R(D(∗)) puzzle. We use form factors from lattice QCD to calculate all Λb → Λcτν¯τ observables. The Λb → Λc tensor form factors had not previously been determined in lattice QCD, and we present new lattice results for these form factors here.

A search for heavy exotic diboson resonances decaying to llqq final states is presented using pp collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis uses a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb^-1 at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV collected between April and December 2012. No significant excess of data events over the predicted Standard Model background is observed and 95% confidence level upper limits are set on the product of the production cross-section and the branching ratio for spin-2 Kaluza-Klein gravitons predicted by the bulk Randall-Sundrum model and for Extended Gauge Model W’ bosons. These results are subsequently combined with limits obtained from searches using the lvll, lvqq, and qqqq final states, and new mass limits are set on both signal models.

In this thesis we analyze a number of past, current, and future experiments to extract information on physics beyond the Standard Model. We use the Jacobi method to derive a set of simplified expressions for the probabilities of neutrino oscillations in matter. we show the possible constraints that can be placed on various models beyond the Standard Model. In several cases, we find that the limits thus thus obtained could be competitive with those expected from direct searches at the Large Hadron Collider. We then consider the possible effects of new physics beyond the Standard Model on precision measurements. In particular, we look at recent Bell/Babar results on the B meson branching fraction, and the bounds on Tau-decays from Babar. As a general framework of analyzing new physics beyond the Standard Model, we discuss what constraints can be placed on R-parity violating SUSY from these experiments. To complete our analysis, we update the single-coupling bounds on R-parity violating supersymmetry using the most up to date data as of October 2009. In addition to the data listed in the latest Review of Particle Properties, we utilize a new measurement of the weak charge of cesium-133, and preliminary Tau-decay branching fractions from Babar. Analysis of semileptonic D-decay is improved by the inclusion of experimentally measured form-factors into the calculation of the Standard Model predictions. / Ph. D.

Searches for the supersymmetric partner of the top quark (stop) are motivated by natural supersymmetry, where the stop has to be light to cancel the large radiative corrections to the Higgs boson mass. This thesis presents three different searches for the stop at √s = 8 TeV and √s = 13 TeV using data from the ATLAS experiment at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider. The thesis also includes a study of the primary vertex reconstruction performance in data and simulation at √s = 7 TeV using tt and Z events. All stop searches presented are carried out in final states with a single lepton, four or more jets and large missing transverse energy. A search for direct stop pair production is conducted with 20.3 fb−1 of data at a center-of-mass energy of √s = 8 TeV. Several stop decay scenarios are considered, including those to a top quark and the lightest neutralino and to a bottom quark and the lightest chargino. The sensitivity of the analysis is also studied in the context of various phenomenological MSSM models in which more complex decay scenarios can be present. Two different analyses are carried out at √s = 13 TeV. The first one is a search for both gluino-mediated and direct stop pair production with 3.2 fb−1 of data while the second one is a search for direct stop pair production with 13.2 fb−1 of data in the decay scenario to a bottom quark and the lightest chargino. The results of the analyses show no significant excess over the Standard Model predictions in the observed data. Consequently, exclusion limits are set at 95% CL on the masses of the stop and the lightest neutralino.

<p>Next-to-minimal super-symmetric extensions of the Standard Model (SM) predict the existence of several non-SM like Higgs bosons. The process pp→a₁h^±→4b+W involves the production and the decay of a spin-0 charged Higgs boson and a CP-odd Higgs boson a₁ which can have a sizable cross section in the NMSSM. The invariant masses of these intermediate bosons can be reconstructed from the four momenta of the final state particles using mass minimization algorithms. This thesis presents a cut-based analysis of two mass scenarios and specialized algorithms that are capable of recovering the signal in a large background arising from Standard Model processes such as ttbar. The analysis is tested with a realistic ATLAS detector simulation investigating trigger efficiencies and probing several jet reconstruction algorithms.</p>

Next-to-minimal super-symmetric extensions of the Standard Model (SM) predict the existence of several non-SM like Higgs bosons. The process pp→a1h±→4b+W involves the production and the decay of a spin-0 charged Higgs boson and a CP-odd Higgs boson a1 which can have a sizable cross section in the NMSSM. The invariant masses of these intermediate bosons can be reconstructed from the four momenta of the final state particles using mass minimization algorithms. This thesis presents a cut-based analysis of two mass scenarios and specialized algorithms that are capable of recovering the signal in a large background arising from Standard Model processes such as ttbar. The analysis is tested with a realistic ATLAS detector simulation investigating trigger efficiencies and probing several jet reconstruction algorithms.