Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1979.

Submitted by Elisângela de Albuquerque Sobreira (elilage.vet@gmail.com) on 2018-09-01T12:05:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 teseELISANGELA2018Selvagens.pdf: 2408013 bytes, checksum: 0ad297624228dce75a585251008d7c5b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sulamita Selma C Colnago null (sulamita@btu.unesp.br) on 2018-09-03T17:30:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 sobreira_ea_dr_bot.pdf: 2408013 bytes, checksum: 0ad297624228dce75a585251008d7c5b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-03T17:30:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 sobreira_ea_dr_bot.pdf: 2408013 bytes, checksum: 0ad297624228dce75a585251008d7c5b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-30 / O Estado de Goiás possui várias áreas de fragmentos florestais urbanos. Este fato, somado à expansão de áreas urbanas não consolidadas, muitas vezes para dentro dos limites de Unidades de Conservação Florestal, permitem um contato permanente e crescente entre os seres humanos e a fauna selvagem, como os macacos-prego. O comportamento imperativo destes animais e a escassez de alimentos em seu habitat peculiar fazem com que estes sejam induzidos pela busca de alimentos, que pode resultar em agressão direta aos visitantes de Parques, tais como mordeduras e arranhões em humanos, tornando-os potenciais disseminadores de micro-organismos patogênicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar fenotipicamente micro-organismos isolados da cavidade bucal de 10 primatas Sapajus libidinosus capturados no Parque Ambiental Onofre Quinan, Anápolis-GO. Foram isoladas 111 amostras bacterianas e 12 fúngicas, sendo duas bactérias anaeróbias estritas do gênero Peptostreptococcus, 109 bactérias anaeróbias facultativas e 12 leveduras. Dentre as facultativas, destacaram-se as enterobactérias e os Staphylococcus. Quanto ao teste de antibiograma, foi detectada resistência de enterobactérias aos antimicrobianos tetraciclina e ampicilina, e de Staphylococcus à tetraciclina, eritromicina e clindamicina. As demais cepas apresentaram-se sensíveis aos antimicrobianos testados. A cefoxitina apresentou 100% de eficácia para todas as bactérias.Em casos de mordeduras por macacos-pregos recomenda-se realizar completa higienização nas lesões, as quais devem permanecer abertas, para que possam cicatrizar por segunda intenção. A antibioticoterapia deve ser realizada de acordo com recomendações médicas. / The State of Goiás has several areas of urban forest fragments. This fact, coupled with the expansion of unconstrained urban areas, often within the limits of Forest Conservation Units, allows for a permanent and growing contact between humans and wildlife, such as the monkey-prey. The imperative behavior of these animals and the scarcity of food in their peculiar habitat cause them to be induced by the search for food, which can result in direct aggression to Park visitors, such as bites and scratches on humans, making them potential disseminators of pathogenic micro-organisms. The objective of this study was to phenotypically characterize microorganisms isolated from the oral cavity of 10 Sapajus libidinosus primates captured at the Onofre Quinan Environmental Park, Anápolis-GO. A total of 111 bacterial and 12 fungal samples were isolated, two strict anaerobic bacteria of the genus Peptostreptococcus, 109 facultative anaerobic bacteria and 12 yeasts. Among the facultative ones, enterobacteria and Staphylococcus were highlighted. As for the antibiogram test, resistance of enterobacteria to tetracycline and ampicillin antibiotics was detected, and from Staphylococcus to tetracycline, erythromycin and clindamycin. The other strains were sensitive to the antimicrobials tested. Cefoxitin showed 100% efficacy for all bacteria. In cases of bites by monkey-nails it is recommended to perform complete hygiene on the lesions, which must remain open, so they can heal by second intention. Antibiotic therapy should be performed according to medical recommendations

Orientador: Vidal Haddad Junior / Resumo: O Estado de Goiás possui várias áreas de fragmentos florestais urbanos. Este fato, somado à expansão de áreas urbanas não consolidadas, muitas vezes para dentro dos limites de Unidades de Conservação Florestal, permitem um contato permanente e crescente entre os seres humanos e a fauna selvagem, como os macacos-prego. O comportamento imperativo destes animais e a escassez de alimentos em seu habitat peculiar fazem com que estes sejam induzidos pela busca de alimentos, que pode resultar em agressão direta aos visitantes de Parques, tais como mordeduras e arranhões em humanos, tornando-os potenciais disseminadores de micro-organismos patogênicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar fenotipicamente micro-organismos isolados da cavidade bucal de 10 primatas Sapajus libidinosus capturados no Parque Ambiental Onofre Quinan, Anápolis-GO. Foram isoladas 111 amostras bacterianas e 12 fúngicas, sendo duas bactérias anaeróbias estritas do gênero Peptostreptococcus, 109 bactérias anaeróbias facultativas e 12 leveduras. Dentre as facultativas, destacaram-se as enterobactérias e os Staphylococcus. Quanto ao teste de antibiograma, foi detectada resistência de enterobactérias aos antimicrobianos tetraciclina e ampicilina, e de Staphylococcus à tetraciclina, eritromicina e clindamicina. As demais cepas apresentaram-se sensíveis aos antimicrobianos testados. A cefoxitina apresentou 100% de eficácia para todas as bactérias.Em casos de mordeduras por macacos-pregos recomenda-se realizar com... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The State of Goiás has several areas of urban forest fragments. This fact, coupled with the expansion of unconstrained urban areas, often within the limits of Forest Conservation Units, allows for a permanent and growing contact between humans and wildlife, such as the monkey-prey. The imperative behavior of these animals and the scarcity of food in their peculiar habitat cause them to be induced by the search for food, which can result in direct aggression to Park visitors, such as bites and scratches on humans, making them potential disseminators of pathogenic micro-organisms. The objective of this study was to phenotypically characterize microorganisms isolated from the oral cavity of 10 Sapajus libidinosus primates captured at the Onofre Quinan Environmental Park, Anápolis-GO. A total of 111 bacterial and 12 fungal samples were isolated, two strict anaerobic bacteria of the genus Peptostreptococcus, 109 facultative anaerobic bacteria and 12 yeasts. Among the facultative ones, enterobacteria and Staphylococcus were highlighted. As for the antibiogram test, resistance of enterobacteria to tetracycline and ampicillin antibiotics was detected, and from Staphylococcus to tetracycline, erythromycin and clindamycin. The other strains were sensitive to the antimicrobials tested. Cefoxitin showed 100% efficacy for all bacteria. In cases of bites by monkey-nails it is recommended to perform complete hygiene on the lesions, which must remain open, so they can heal by second intentio... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-07-13Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:31:06Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 gomes_is_me_sjc.pdf: 801296 bytes, checksum: 2526ffb1511ce379c2b5d5a4874f5b70 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A função mastigatória é um dos mais complexos mecanismos neuropsicológicos no desempenho motor humano, dependendo de vários fatores como força de mordida, coordenação dos músculos, morfologia e número de dentes em oclusão. O objetivo desse trabalho é quantificar a força mastigatória máxima e analisar eletromiograficamente os músculos elevadores mandibulares de pacientes dentados totais (n=52) e reabilitados com prótese total (PT) (n=28) e prótese parcial removível (PPR) (n=27), a fim de verificar a influência de diferentes tratamentos reabilitadores na força mastigatória e atividade dos músculos masseter e temporal. A coleta dos dados de força de mordida (FM) e atividade eletromiográfica (EMG) foi realizada em triplicata em repouso e em contração isométrica através de um transdutor de força de mordida (desenvolvido pelos autores) e um eletromiógrafo EMG-800c de oito canais (EMG System do Brasil Ltda). Outras variáveis como gênero, idade, peso, estresse, prática de atividade física, lado preferencial da mastigação, formato facial e consistência da alimentação também foram levantadas e comparadas às variáveis FM e EMG em função dos grupos experimentais. Os valores de força de mordida (em Kgf) e os sinais eletromiográficos (em voltagem RMS) dos músculos masseter e temporal direito e esquerdo foram submetidos à estatística descritiva e comparados em função dos grupos experimentais por meio do teste estatístico de Análise de Variância 1 fator (ANOVA) e ao teste Tukey com nível de significância de 5%. Com relação à FM, o grupo controle (51,49 ± 16,24)A apresentou média estatisticamente superior (p=0,00<0,05) ao grupo PPR(28,45 ± 15,43)B e PT (13,11 ± 7,69)C . Com relação à EMG, em repouso... / The chewing is one of the most complex neuropsychological mechanisms in human motor performance, depending on various factors such as bite force, muscle coordination, morphology and number of teeth in occlusion. The aim of this study is to quantify the maximum bite force and analysis electromyographic of the jaw elevators muscles of dentate patients (n = 52) and rehabilitated with complete denture (CD) (n = 28) and removable partial dentures (RPD) (n = 27) in order to check the influence of different rehabilitation treatments in bite force and activity of the masseter and temporal. Data collection of bite force (BF) and electromyographic activity (EMG) was performed in triplicate at rest and during isometric contraction with a bite force transducer (developed by the authors) and an electromyograph EMG-800c eight-channel (EMG System do Brazil Ltda.) Other variations such as gender, age, weight, stress, physical activity, preferred side of chewing, facial shape and consistency of supply were also raised compared to variables BF and EMG as a function of the experimental groups. The values of bite force (kgf) and the electromyographic signals (RMS voltage) of the masseter and temporal right and left were subjected to descriptive statistics and compared on the basis of the experimental groups using the statistical test of a factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test at a significance level of 5%. With respect to BF, the control group (51.49 ± 16.24) had statistically significant higher (p = 0.00 <0.05)A than PPR group (28.45 ± 15.43)B and PT (13 , 11 ± 7.69)C. Regarding the EMG at rest showed no statistical difference between any of the muscles (p> 0.05). In isometric contraction, however, the control group... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Resumo: A função mastigatória é um dos mais complexos mecanismos neuropsicológicos no desempenho motor humano, dependendo de vários fatores como força de mordida, coordenação dos músculos, morfologia e número de dentes em oclusão. O objetivo desse trabalho é quantificar a força mastigatória máxima e analisar eletromiograficamente os músculos elevadores mandibulares de pacientes dentados totais (n=52) e reabilitados com prótese total (PT) (n=28) e prótese parcial removível (PPR) (n=27), a fim de verificar a influência de diferentes tratamentos reabilitadores na força mastigatória e atividade dos músculos masseter e temporal. A coleta dos dados de força de mordida (FM) e atividade eletromiográfica (EMG) foi realizada em triplicata em repouso e em contração isométrica através de um transdutor de força de mordida (desenvolvido pelos autores) e um eletromiógrafo EMG-800c de oito canais (EMG System do Brasil Ltda). Outras variáveis como gênero, idade, peso, estresse, prática de atividade física, lado preferencial da mastigação, formato facial e consistência da alimentação também foram levantadas e comparadas às variáveis FM e EMG em função dos grupos experimentais. Os valores de força de mordida (em Kgf) e os sinais eletromiográficos (em voltagem RMS) dos músculos masseter e temporal direito e esquerdo foram submetidos à estatística descritiva e comparados em função dos grupos experimentais por meio do teste estatístico de Análise de Variância 1 fator (ANOVA) e ao teste Tukey com nível de significância de 5%. Com relação à FM, o grupo controle (51,49 ± 16,24)A apresentou média estatisticamente superior (p=0,00<0,05) ao grupo PPR(28,45 ± 15,43)B e PT (13,11 ± 7,69)C . Com relação à EMG, em repouso... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The chewing is one of the most complex neuropsychological mechanisms in human motor performance, depending on various factors such as bite force, muscle coordination, morphology and number of teeth in occlusion. The aim of this study is to quantify the maximum bite force and analysis electromyographic of the jaw elevators muscles of dentate patients (n = 52) and rehabilitated with complete denture (CD) (n = 28) and removable partial dentures (RPD) (n = 27) in order to check the influence of different rehabilitation treatments in bite force and activity of the masseter and temporal. Data collection of bite force (BF) and electromyographic activity (EMG) was performed in triplicate at rest and during isometric contraction with a bite force transducer (developed by the authors) and an electromyograph EMG-800c eight-channel (EMG System do Brazil Ltda.) Other variations such as gender, age, weight, stress, physical activity, preferred side of chewing, facial shape and consistency of supply were also raised compared to variables BF and EMG as a function of the experimental groups. The values of bite force (kgf) and the electromyographic signals (RMS voltage) of the masseter and temporal right and left were subjected to descriptive statistics and compared on the basis of the experimental groups using the statistical test of a factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test at a significance level of 5%. With respect to BF, the control group (51.49 ± 16.24) had statistically significant higher (p = 0.00 <0.05)A than PPR group (28.45 ± 15.43)B and PT (13 , 11 ± 7.69)C. Regarding the EMG at rest showed no statistical difference between any of the muscles (p> 0.05). In isometric contraction, however, the control group... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Clovis Pagani / Coorientador: José Benedito Oliveira Amorim / Banca: Eduardo Galera da Silva / Banca: Rubens Côrte Real de Carvalho / Mestre

Objective: To describe the changes in plasma glucose concentration in severely injured, canine to canine bite wound cases admitted for veterinary treatment. The changes were measured over a period of 72 hours from the initiation of the trauma. Historical, signalment, clinical and haematological factors were investigated to determine their possible relationship to blood glucose concentration. Hypo- and hyperglycaemia have been associated with death from sepsis and acute injury. Method: Twenty dogs admitted to the Intensive Care Unit at Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital (OVAH) with severe bite wounds were evaluated. The time of injury was established by questioning the dogs’ owners. Blood was taken on admission for haematology and plasma glucose concentration. Haematology was repeated every 24 hours and glucose every 8 hours, measured from the time the dogs were first bitten. Results: On admission, 5% (1/20) of the dogs were hypoglycaemic, 40% (8/20) were normoglycaemic and 55% (11/20) were hyperglycaemic. No other dogs showed hypoglycaemia during the study period. The median glucose at each of the ten collection points, prior to the 56-hour collection point and at the 72 hour collection point, was in the hyperglycaemic range (5.8mmol/l to 6.2mmol/l). Puppies and thin dogs had considerably higher median plasma glucose concentrations than adult and fat dogs at 0 and 16 hours respectively (P < 0.05 for both). A high incidence of SIRS was encountered (65% to 80%). Fifteen dogs were alive at 72-hours. Thirteen dogs (81.3%) eventually made a full recovery. Three out of four dogs (75%) that were recumbent on admission, died, whereas all dogs (12/12) admitted with either an alert or depressed mental status survived (P = 0. 004). Clinical significance: The high incidence of hyperglycaemia may be explained by the ‘diabetes of injury’ phenomenon. The role of insulin therapy in the treatment of severe injuries should be explored in future studies, as its use in the treatment of human ICU cases, has resulted in a substantial reduction of fatalities resulting from acute injury. The high incidence of death and initial hyperglycemia in the collapsed group and the higher plasma glucose concentrations found in puppies and thin dogs warrants further investigation with a larger group of animals. / Dissertation (MMedVet (Small Animal Surgery))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Companion Animal Clinical Studies / MMedVet / unrestricted

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment of anterior open bite can result in a counter-clockwise rotation of the mandible and a more ideal forward position of the tongue. Usually this movement is thought to increase the oropharyngeal airway. The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in vertical dimension and airway in AOB patients following orthodontic treatment. Methods: 52 subjects were included in this retrospective study of anterior open bite malocclusion treated in the graduate orthodontics clinic at the University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry between 2006 – 2019. Cephalometric and airway measurements were done by 2 judges. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate inter-judge reliability for evaluating airway volume and MCA measurements. Chi-square tests were used to compare proportions. Unpaired t-tests were used to compare mean differences and paired t-tests were used to compare pre- and post-treatment changes. Results: More vertical control and intrusion of molars was seen in non-growing (NG) subjects. There was more successful open bite correction in NG subjects. Even though there was a reduction in FMA, LFA, improved incisor position and open bite correction, there was not much influence on airway dimensions. There was no statistically significant change in airway in growing (G) and NG subjects when looking at the whole sample. Conclusion: With correction of an anterior open; intrusion of molars and a more forward mandibular position result. However, these changes did not result in an increase in oropharyngeal airway in our study.

The effects of self-recording bites and weight on subsequent weigh t was assessed utilizing a single-subject design. Subjects were exposed to a similar sequence of conditions which included: (1) weekly weigh-ins, ( 2) self-recording daily weights, (3) a control for observation, (4) self-recording bites, and finally (5) a reversal condition in which subjects stopped recording bites but continued recording weights and meeting for weekly weigh-ins. No significant weight reductions occurred in conjunction with weekly weigh-ins, self recording daily weights, or the control for observation. Five of the six subjects lost more than 2 pounds while recording bites along with monitoring daily weights and weekly weigh-ins. During reversal, 5 of the 6 subjects maintained the weight loss over the 2 to 4 week condition. variables related to the interaction between self-recording bites and eating were suggested as a possible explanation for the results.

Yes / Dog bite injuries are a common cause of patient presentation to NHS emergency departments (EDs) and minor injuries units, and are generally associated with a low level of acuity, despite an inherent capacity for significant soft tissue damage to be inflicted by canine jaws capable of exerting terrific bite forces. Anatomical sites for injury correlate to victim age, with hand and wrist injuries predominating in the adult population. The most common complication is infection secondary to inoculation of oral flora, with the hands being particularly vulnerable due to their anatomy. Injuries to structures such as tendons can be discreet, and retained foreign bodies can easily be overlooked. Wound care has a propensity to attract a disproportionately high level of malpractice actions, and approaches to the management of dog bite injuries have largely been empirical, which may render the practitioner particularly exposed. In response to increasing pressures on healthcare systems, paramedics with extended scopes of practice, including wound care and suturing, are being utilised to assess, manage, treat, and either refer or discharge patients with apparently minor injuries, in strategies aimed at reducing hospital admissions. This article adopts a case study format to examine and evaluate treatment modalities and the current evidence base informing best practice in terms of dog bite injuries from the perspective of a paramedic practitioner, with critical reflection on the decision making process and complexities of such episodes of care in the pre-hospital setting.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a harmonia facial, por meio de fotografias em norma frontal e lateral de pacientes com mordida aberta anterior, tratados com compensação dentária ou cirurgia ortognática. A amostra deste estudo consistiu de 30 pacientes divididos em dois grupos- pacientes compensados ortodonticamente e pacientes tratados cirurgicamente. Ambos os grupos foram analisados comparativa e subjetivamente por leigos e ortodontistas, a partir de fotografias do rosto, frontais e laterais, obtidas ao início e ao final do tratamento. As fotografias foram distribuídas aleatoriamente e dispostas em multimídia (PowerPoint) para serem avaliadas. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados entre os dois grupos de examinadores, considerando o estágio inicial e final do tratamento, e entre os grupos tratados com abordagem compensatória e cirúrgica, estabelecendo qual dessas abordagens oferece maior agradabilidade facial. Pode-se concluir que houve uma proximidade entre as avaliações de leigos e ortodontistas quanto à agradabilidade facial, sendo os leigos mais críticos. Tantos os leigos quanto os ortodontistas deram escores/notas significativamente maiores para as fotografias pós-tratamento tanto nos casos compensatórios como nos cirúrgicos e os casos cirúrgicos em norma lateral obtiveram os escores melhores. / The aim of this study was to evaluated facial harmony in patients with open bite, in front teeth (both upper and lower) treated with orthognatic surgery or orthodontic correction by using frontal and lateral side photograph. The purpose of this study was to divide 30 patients in two groups. GROUP 1: patients using bite correction; GROUP2: patients treated with orthognatic surgery. Both groups were studied by orthodontics and ordinary people. Those photographs were divided in different sectional appliance and showed at Power Point and were studied. The results of each group were compared, considering the evaluation from top to bottom, of which one provides a better facial harmony. No significant differences could be notice between the orthodontist opinions such as the ordinary people; however, those ordinary people had a more critical argument about the results. They established different treatments for those patients. Those who had the orthognatic surgery had a better response.