Buildings which have high levels of sound pollution and facades that do not isolate outside noise are often found in large cities. This situation affects people s sound comfort and health. In connection with that, there is the high cost of materials which offer good sound reduction indices. This way, it is necessary to investigate alternative materials at lower costs, such as the blackout curtains. Taking these factors into consideration, the aim of this study is to examine the increase of sound isolation index (Rw) in relation to outside noise, through the use of vynil and polyester curtains in windows. The tests were carried out at the Acoustic Laboratory of the Federal University of Santa Maria. The results of the tests have shown the performance of various curtains arrangements, resulting in a 2 to 5 dB increase in the sound isolation index. Duplicating curtains enabled an increase of about 1 dB in relation to simple curtains. There was no increase in the sound isolation index when overlapping the curtains. Putting up glass wool panels of different thickness has not influenced in the facade sound isolation. With this study, it has been possible to quantify the improvement of facades sound isolation by putting up blackout curtains currently in the market. / Nas grandes cidades, encontram-se freqüentemente edifícios submetidos a elevados níveis de poluição sonora, cujas fachadas não isolam adequadamente o ruído externo, situação esta que traz conseqüências para o conforto sonoro e para a saúde dos indivíduos. Associado a isto, está o alto custo dos materiais que apresentam bons índices de redução sonora, havendo a necessidade de se estudarem materiais alternativos, com custos menos elevados, como é o caso das cortinas black-out. Levando-se em conta estes fatores, o objetivo deste trabalho é averiguar o acréscimo no índice de isolamento sonoro a ruídos externos, gerado pela colocação de cortinas de vinil e de poliéster, sobrepostas a um elemento de fachada. Os ensaios foram realizados no laboratório do Setor de Acústica da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. A partir dos resultados dos ensaios verificou-se o desempenho de várias composições de cortinas, obtendo-se um aumento de 2 à 5 dB no índice de isolamento sonoro. A duplicação das cortinas possibilitou um aumento em torno de 1 dB, em relação às cortinas simples. Não houve alteração no índice de isolamento sonoro com o transpasse das cortinas. A colocação de painéis de lã de vidro de diferentes espessuras pouco influenciou no isolamento sonoro da fachada. A partir deste trabalho, pôde-se quantificar qual a melhoria no isolamento sonoro das fachadas propiciada pela colocação de cortinas black-out à disposição no mercado.

The purpose of this thesis is to describe gas turbine LMS 100 multipurpose characteristics, as a backup power supply in case of black-outs, and in terms of energy use for cogeneration with its economics.

L'objectif de ce travail est, partant des analyses des impacts des Générations d'Energie Dispersée (GED) dans les<br />réseaux électriques, de proposer une nouvelle méthodologie de gestion des situations critiques du système à fort<br />taux de pénétration de production décentralisée. Cette nouvelle méthodologie s'appuie sur le concept d'îlotage<br />intentionnel à multiples niveaux de tension à l'aide des GED. L'idée développée a été d'intégrer de nouveaux<br />modes d'exploitation des GED aux plans d'actions du système électrique, ceci en cas de grande perturbation et<br />même de panne d'électricité à grande échelle, en utilisant différentes techniques d'optimisation multi-objectifs<br />sous contraintes à multi-niveaux de tension. Cette méthode a été appelé Deep Build Together pour considérer<br />une reconstruction simultanée du système dans les deux sens descendent et ascendant : du transport vers la<br />distribution et de la distribution vers le transport. Grâce à cela, lors d'un incident généralisé, beaucoup de clients<br />pourront être réalimentés plus tôt (notamment les clients prioritaires) et la durée de la reconstitution du système<br />sera réduite. Plusieurs aspects techniques ont été analysés pour justifier la faisabilité de cette méthodologie. Une<br />comparaison paramétrique, en fonction du taux de pénétration de GED, entre la nouvelle stratégie Deep Build<br />Together et celle qui est actuellement utilisée, a permis une première validation de cette nouvelle stratégie de<br />gestion des situations critiques.

This Master´s thesis deals with the coordination and the order of interventions during the appearance of a major accident due to a blackout. It describes in detail the chronology and the priorities of what the shift engineer should do when working on the self-consumption restoration. Furthermore, it gives the variants for determination of the batch of radiation people are obtained by, while working on the self-consumption restoration.