A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo desenvolver um novo elemento de cobertura, compatível com o meio ambiente: telhas de cimento alternativo reforçado com fibras celulósicas. Para tanto, foram utilizadas matérias-primas consideradas resíduos industriais (cimento de escória de alto-forno e rejeito de polpa de celulose de eucalipto) para obtenção de pastas cimentícias reforçadas. Os compósitos foram produzidos por dispersão prévia das fibras em água, mistura do compósito em argamassadeira convencional, adensamento por vibração, moldagem em fôrmas, seguida de cura úmida. Foram moldadas placas planas de diferentes formulações de matrizes cimentícias, com as matérias-primas alternativas disponíveis. Com base nos melhores resultados dessa fase preliminar, foram produzidas duas séries de telhas tipo romana \"capa canal\". Foram avaliados o desempenho físico-mecânico, os custos de produção e o comportamento térmico das telhas. Os resultados revelaram a potencialidade dos compósitos obtidos na produção de fibrocimentos alternativos, por meio de técnicas simples e de baixo consumo de energia, direcionados à autoconstrução urbana e rural de baixo custo. / The objective of this study was to develop a new roofing material that would be compatible with the environment: roofing tiles made of alternative cement reinforced with cellulose fibers. Industrial waste materials were used as raw materials (blast furnace slag cement and waste eucalyptus cellulose pulp) to obtain reinforced cement pastes. The composites were produced by previously dispersing the fibers in water, mixing the composite in a conventional cement-mixer, compaction by vibration, shaping them in molds, followed by moist curing. Flat sheets were molded using different formulations of cement matrixes with the alternative raw materials avaiable. Based on the best results from this preliminary phase, two series of Roman tiles for roofing were produced. The physical and mechanical performance, the cost of production, and the thermal behavior of the tiles were evaluated. The results revealed the potential of composites made of alternative fiber-cements, using simple techniques and with low energy consumption, in urban and rural areas for low-cost self-construction.

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo desenvolver um novo elemento de cobertura, compatível com o meio ambiente: telhas de cimento alternativo reforçado com fibras celulósicas. Para tanto, foram utilizadas matérias-primas consideradas resíduos industriais (cimento de escória de alto-forno e rejeito de polpa de celulose de eucalipto) para obtenção de pastas cimentícias reforçadas. Os compósitos foram produzidos por dispersão prévia das fibras em água, mistura do compósito em argamassadeira convencional, adensamento por vibração, moldagem em fôrmas, seguida de cura úmida. Foram moldadas placas planas de diferentes formulações de matrizes cimentícias, com as matérias-primas alternativas disponíveis. Com base nos melhores resultados dessa fase preliminar, foram produzidas duas séries de telhas tipo romana \"capa canal\". Foram avaliados o desempenho físico-mecânico, os custos de produção e o comportamento térmico das telhas. Os resultados revelaram a potencialidade dos compósitos obtidos na produção de fibrocimentos alternativos, por meio de técnicas simples e de baixo consumo de energia, direcionados à autoconstrução urbana e rural de baixo custo. / The objective of this study was to develop a new roofing material that would be compatible with the environment: roofing tiles made of alternative cement reinforced with cellulose fibers. Industrial waste materials were used as raw materials (blast furnace slag cement and waste eucalyptus cellulose pulp) to obtain reinforced cement pastes. The composites were produced by previously dispersing the fibers in water, mixing the composite in a conventional cement-mixer, compaction by vibration, shaping them in molds, followed by moist curing. Flat sheets were molded using different formulations of cement matrixes with the alternative raw materials avaiable. Based on the best results from this preliminary phase, two series of Roman tiles for roofing were produced. The physical and mechanical performance, the cost of production, and the thermal behavior of the tiles were evaluated. The results revealed the potential of composites made of alternative fiber-cements, using simple techniques and with low energy consumption, in urban and rural areas for low-cost self-construction.

This diploma thesis is focused on methods of using cement kiln by-pass dust in building materials technology. By-pass dust was treated to remove chlorides and could then be used as other constituent to various types of cements in the amount of 0–5 wt. % according to ČSN EN 197-1. The properties of dusts before and after chloride removal were examined and after incorporating modified by-pass dust into the cement, the properties of fresh and hardened cement pastes and mortars were studied. It was found that modified by-pass dust after incorporation into cement fulfill requirements of ČSN EN 197-1.

Expansive clays undergo a large swell when they are subjected to water. Thus, expansive clay is one of the most abundant problems faced in geotechnical engineering applications. It causes heavy damages in structures, especially in water conveyance canals, lined reservoirs, highways, airport runways etc., unless appropriate measures are taken. In this thesis, Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS), GBFS - Lime combinations and GBFS Cement (GBFSC) were utilized to overcome or to limit the expansion of an artificially prepared expansive soil sample (Sample A). GBFS and GBFSC were added to Sample A in proportions of 5 to 25 percent. Different GBFS-Lime combinations were added to Sample A by keeping the total addition at 15 percent. Effect of stabilizers on grain size distribution, Atterberg limits, swelling percentage and rate of swell of soil samples were determined. Effect of curing on swelling percentage and rate of swell of soil samples were also determined. Leachate analysis of GBFS, GBFSC and samples stabilized by 25 percent GBFS and GBFSC was performed. Use of stabilizers successfully decreased the amount of swell while increasing the rate of swell. Curing samples for 7 and 28 days resulted in less swell percentages and higher rate of swell.