Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2002. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Univ., 2003. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2006. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

The conformational conversion of the cellular prion protein (PrPc) to the misfolded isoform (PrPsc) is the central pathogenic event in the transmissible neurodegenerative prion diseases. The recently shown transmissibility of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease by blood transfusion emphasizes the need for better understanding of the PrPc in blood. In the current thesis, we focused on blood platelet PrPc, which has not been very well described so far. In the first part of the thesis, platelet PrPc was characterized as glycosylphosphatidylinositol- anchored glycoprotein with dominant diglycosylated form. Platelet PrPc was shown to be sensitive to cleavage with proteinase K, which is a feature discriminating between cellular and pathological prion protein. We have confirmed that platelet PrPc binds copper ions by its N- terminal octapeptide repeat region. Regarding quantity of PrPc molecules expressed on blood elements we have proved that both platelets and red blood cells express considerable amount of PrPc and thus can not be neglected in the problematic of prions transmission by blood transfusion. The detailed study regarding PrPc localization in blood platelets is presented in the second part of the thesis. PrPc was shown to be expressed in -granules as well as on the cytoplasmic membrane of...

Um estudo prévio demonstrou em pacientes com choque séptico a presença de exossomos plasmáticos. Nossa hipótese é que exossomos circulantes poderiam contribuir para a disfunção contrátil da sepse. Foi colhido sangue de 55 pacientes com choque séptico. A incubação de corações isolados com exossomos de pacientes sépticos reduziu significantemente as derivadas da pressão ventricular e aumentou as concentrações de nitrato no miocárdio. A exposição de músculos papilares a exossomos reduziu a tensão desenvolvida. Concluímos que exossomos de pacientes sépticos induzem disfunção inotrópica em corações isolados e músculos papilares, possivelmente contribuindo para a disfunção miocárdica da sepse. / A previous report identified in plasma of septic shock patients the presence of exosomes. We hypothesized that circulating exosomes in sepsis could contribute to inotropic dysfunction. We collected blood samples from 55 patients with septic shock. Incubation of isolated heart preparations with exosomes induced a significant decrease in the derivatives of ventricular pressure and increased myocardial nitrate content. Exposure of isolated rat papillary muscles to exosomes reduced developed tension. We conclude that exosomes from septic patients induce myocardial dysfunction in isolated heart and papillary muscle preparations. Thus, they may contribute to myocardial dysfunction of sepsis.

A adesão de plaquetas nas paredes dos vasos sanguíneos e subsequente agregação são eventos cruciais tanto na hemorragia e quanto na trombose. A hiperagregação (agregação excessiva) das plaquetas pode causar a formação de um trombo e a posterior oclusão dos vasos sanguíneos levando a um processo isquêmico. A terapia antiplaquetária com ácido acetilsalicílico reduz em até 25% o risco de infartos do miocárdio não-fatais, acidentes vasculares cerebrais isquêmicos ou mortes de causa vascular em pacientes de alto risco, independentemente do sexo ou idade. Para avaliar laboratorialmente a eficácia dessa terapêutica, o método mais utilizado é o teste de agregação plaquetária, que pode ser feito em duas metodologias, a turbidimétrica e a por impedância elétrica. Com esse cenário, o objetivo do estudo é comparar essas duas metodologias para a monitorização do tratamento. Para isso foram utilizadas amostras de sangue de 30 pacientes adultos (média de 42 anos) de ambos os sexos que fazem uso regular do fármaco e analisadas através das duas metodologias, tendo seus resultados analisados e comparados. Os resultados do estudo mostraram pouca diferença estatística significante (p<0,05) entre os dois métodos nos principais agentes estimulantes, indicando que o método de impedância elétrica pode ser utilizado em rotina laboratorial em substituição, ou em complementação, com a metodologia turbidimétrica para monitorar a terapia antiplaquetária a base de ácido acetilsalicílico / The adhesion of platelets in the blood vessel wall and subsequent aggregation are crucial events in both bleeding and thrombosis. The hyperaggregation (excessive aggregation) of platelets can cause the formation of a thrombus and subsequent occlusion of blood vessels leading to an ischemic process. Antiplatelet therapy with acetylsalicylic acyd reduces by 25% the risk of myocardial infarctions, non-fatal strokes or deaths from vascular causes in patients at high risk, regardless of sex or age. To laboratory evaluation of the effectiveness of this therapy, the method most used is the platelet aggregation test, which can be done in two methods, the turbidimetric and electrical impedance. With this scenario, the objective of the study is to compare these two methodologies for monitoring the treatment. For such purpose, blood samples from 30 adult patients (mean 42 years) of both sexes who make regular use of the drug was analyzed using the two methodologies, and their results was analyzed and compared. The studys results showed little difference statistically significant (p <0.05) between the two methods with the main stimulant agents, indicating that the method of electrical impedance can be used in routine laboratory instead or complementing the methodology of turbidimetric for monitor antiplatelet therapy by acetylsalicylic acyd

Orientador: Sisi Marcondes Paschoal / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T17:43:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Naime_AnaCarolinaAntunes_M.pdf: 1176730 bytes, checksum: d42b22c3ad536a50c078c7dcc3f57226 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: A sepse leva a uma alta taxa de mortalidade em hospitais de todo o mundo e por se tratar de um quadro clínico muito complexo ainda não há tratamento eficaz para o mesmo. Nas últimas décadas tem-se dado destaque para o papel das plaquetas na sepse, já que a gravidade do quadro correlaciona-se com o número de plaquetas circulantes e seu estado de ativação. Uma vez que as estatinas têm sido usadas clinicamente com muito sucesso no tratamento de doenças inflamatórias, decidimos investigar o efeito da pravastatina em plaquetas de ratos sadios e em modelo experimental de sepse induzida por lipopolissacarídeo (LPS). Para tanto, ratos foram tratados com solução salina ou pravastatina 20 mg/kg (gavagem, uma vez ao dia durante 7 dias). No sexto dia, os ratos de ambos os grupos receberam uma única injeção de salina ou de LPS (1 mg/kg, i.p.) e após 48h o sangue arterial foi coletado. A determinação plasmática de TNF-'alfa' e trombopoietina foi feita por ELISA. O número de megariócitos foi determinado pela histologia da medula óssea. A agregação plaquetária foi induzida por ADP (1-10 µM). A formação de espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs) e GMPc foi analizada em plaquetas por citometria de fluxo utilizando a sonda fluorescente DCFH-DA e por kit comercial, respectvamente. Também foi avaliada a atividade enzimática da SOD e glutationa peroxidase (GPx) em plaquetas através de kits comerciais. Nos ratos injetados com salina, a pravastatina aumentou 3,7 vezes os níveis plasmáticos de TNF-'alfa'. Além disso, a pravastaina reduziu 36% o número de plaquetas circulantes. A agregação plaquetária induzida por ADP foi significativamente reduzida por esta estatina, a qual foi acompanhada de uma redução dos níveis intraplaquetários de GMPc. Apesar do aumento marcante da atividade enzimática da SOD e da GPx, a pravastatina aumentou 2,4 vezes a quantidade de EROs em plaquetas de ratos injetados com salina. A pravastatina reduziu o número aumentado de leucócitos totais observado em ratos injetados com LPS para os mesmos valores encontrados em ratos injetados com salina. A concentração plasmática aumentada de TNF-? também foi reduzida pelo pré-tratamento com pravastatina, mas ainda permaneceu significativamente maior do que a observada em ratos injetados com salina. O LPS reduziu 6.8 vezes o número de plaquetas circulantes, o qual foi acompanhado por aumento do número de megacariócitos e redução de trombopoetina. O pré-tratamento com pravastatina restaurou os valores de trombopoetina e megacariócitos, mas não preveniu a queda do número de plaquetas circulantes. A agregação plaquetária induzida por ADP foi inibida por LPS e restaurada pela pravastatina. A quantidade de EROs em plaquetas de ratos injetados com LPS foi 2,2 vezes maior do que a observada em ratos injetados com salina, o qual foi acompanhado por um aumento significativo da atividade enzimática da SOD e da GPx. O pré-tratamento com pravastatina dos ratos injetados com LPS não modificou da quantidade de EROs intraplaquetária, mas reduziu de forma marcante a atividade enzimática da SOD e da GPx. Portanto, nossos resultados mostram que a administração de pravastatina em animais sadios, além de levar a trombocitopenia e estresse oxidativo plaquetário, promove um aumento dos níveis plasmáticos de TNF-?, o que poderia incorrer em danos teciduais a longo prazo. A pravastatina restaura a agregação plaquetária e melhora o quadro inflamatório dos ratos injetados com LPS. Entretanto, esta estatina não previne a queda acentuada do número de plaquetas circulantes, marcador importante para avaliação da gravidade da sepse, e nem reduz o estresse oxidativo plaquetário, o que poderia contribuir para a disfunção de diferentes tecidos. Sendo assim, a pravastatina não parece ser uma boa opção no tratamento da sepse / Abstract: Sepsis is still a cause of high mortality in hospitals all over the world. It is a very complex clinical condition and up to now there is no effective treatment. In the last decades works have been plublished describing the important role of platelets in sepsis, since the severity of the condition is correlated to the number of circulating platelets and their activation state. Statins, besides their action on lowering the cholesterol levels, have been successfully used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Therefore, in the present study we decided to investigate the effect of pravastatin in platelets of healthy rats and in model of experimental sepsis induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Rats were treated with saline or pravastatin (20 mg/kg, gavage once daily for 7 days). On the sixth day, the rats in both groups received a single injection of saline or LPS ( 1 mg / kg, i.p.) and after 48h the arterial blood was collected. Plasmatic TNF-? and thrombopoietin concentrations were measured by ELISA. The number of megakaryocytes was determined by histology of the bone marrow. Platelet aggregation was induced by ADP (1-10 mM ). The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cGMP in platelets was analyzed by flow cytometry using DCFH-DA and by commercial kits, respectively. We also analyzed the enzymatic activity of SOD and glutathione peroxidase ( GPx ) in platelets using commercial kits. In rats injected with saline, pravastatin increased 3.7 fold the plasma levels of TNF-'alfa'. Furthermore, pravastaina reduced 36% the number of circulating platelets. Platelet aggregation induced by ADP was significantly reduced by this statin, which was accompanied by a reduction in the intraplatelet cGMP levels. Despite the marked increase in enzymatic activity of SOD and GPx, pravastatin increased 2.4 fold the amount of ROS in platelets of saline-injected rats. Pravastatin reduced the increased number of total leukocytes in LPS-injected to the same values found in rats injected with saline. Increased TNF-'alfa' plasma concentration was also reduced by pre-treatment with pravastatin, but it still remained significantly higher than that observed in saline-injected rats. LPS reduced 6.8 fold the number of circulating platelets, which was accompanied by increased numbers of megakaryocytes and reduced thrombopoietin concentration. Pre-treatment with pravastatin restored the values of thrombopoietin and megakaryocytes, but did not prevent the drop in circulating platelets. ADP-induced platelet aggregation was inhibited by LPS and restored by pravastatin. The amount of ROS in platelets of LPS-injected rats was 2.2 fold higher than that observed in rats injected with saline, which was accompanied by significant increase in SOD and GPx activity. The pretreatment with pravastatin of LPS-injected rats did not change the amount of intraplatelet ROS but markedly reduced SOD and GPx activity. Therefore, our results show that administration of pravastatin in healthy animals, in addition to lead thrombocytopenia and platelet oxidative stress, it promotes an increase in TNF-'alfa' levels, which could result in tissue injury in long-term. Pravastatin restores platelet aggregation and improves the inflammatory condition of LPS-injected rats. However, this statin does not prevent sharp drop in the number of circulating platelets, an important marker for evaluating the severity of sepsis, and neither reduces platelet oxidative stress, which could contribute to the dysfunction of different tissues. Thus, pravastatin does not seem to be a good option in the treatment of sepsis / Mestrado / Farmacologia / Mestra em Farmacologia

Orientador: Gabriel Hessel / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T13:44:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alcantara_RobertaVacaride_D.pdf: 665519 bytes, checksum: b1cdfc8920d36cc06cf754f99e2c24af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Objetivo: Identificar preditores não invasivos de varizes esofágicas em crianças e adolescentes com hepatopatia crônica e obstrução extra-hepática da veia porta (OEHVP). Casuística e métodos: Estudo prospectivo que incluiu 53 crianças e adolescentes com hepatopatia crônica ou OEHVP, sem antecedente de hemorragia digestiva ou tratamento de varizes esofágicas (VE), com até 20 anos de idade. Dois grupos foram formados: grupo I (35 pacientes com hepatopatia crônica) e grupo II (18 com OEHVP). Foram realizados hemograma, RNI, albumina, bilirrubina total, ultrassonografia de abdome e endoscopia digestiva alta. O índice esplênico (IE) foi determinado dividindo a dimensão longitudinal do baço pelo limite superior dos valores de referência da literatura. As variáveis foram comparadas quanto à presença ou não de VE, varizes gástricas (VG) e gastropatia da hipertensão portal (GHP) através de análise univariada (? ², exato de Fischer e Wilcoxon) e multivariada (regressão logística). A acurácia foi determinada a partir da área sob a curva ROC. Resultados: As VE foram observadas em 48,5% dos pacientes do grupo I e em 83,3% do grupo II. Plaquetopenia (p=0,0015), esplenomegalia (p=0,0003), razão plaquetas/IE (p=0,0007), presença de shunt esplenorrenal (p=0,0329) e a espessura do ligamento venoso (p=0,0151) se mostraram indicadores preditivos de VE entre os pacientes do grupo I. Após análise multivariada, a plaquetopenia (odds=21,7) se manteve um indicador independente da presença de VE entre os pacientes com hepatopatia crônica. Entre os pacientes do grupo II observou-se diferença estatística quanto à presença de varizes na vesícula (p=0,0245) e espessura da parede da vesícula biliar (p=0,0289). O número de plaquetas (p=0,0369), o IE (p=0,0041) e a razão plaquetas/IE (p=0,0192) se mostraram indicativos de VG entre os pacientes do grupo I. A presença de plaquetopenia foi maior entre os pacientes do grupo II com VG (p=0,0216). GHP foi estatisticamente maior entre os pacientes do grupo I com plaquetopenia (p=0,0286), presença de shunt esplenorrenal (p=0,0384), menor razão plaquetas/IE (p=0,0369) e maior espessura do ligamento venoso (p=0,0226). Conclusões: O número de plaquetas, o índice esplênico, a razão plaquetas/IE, a presença de shunt esplenorrenal e a espessura do ligamento venoso foram indicativos de VE entre os pacientes com hepatopatia crônica. A presença de varizes na vesícula e maior espessura da parede da vesícula foram indicativos de VE entre os pacientes com OEHVP. Plaquetopenia, esplenomegalia e menor razão plaquetas/IE foram indicativos de VG entre os pacientes do grupo I. Plaquetopenia foi indicativa de VG entre os pacientes do grupo II. Plaquetopenia, presença de shunt esplenorrenal, RNI alargado, menor razão plaquetas/IE e maior espessura do ligamento venoso foram indicativos de GHP entre os pacientes com hepatopatia crônica / Abstract: Aim: Identify non-invasive predictors of esophageal varices in children and adolescents with chronic liver disease and extra hepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPVO). Casuistic and methods: Prospective evaluation of 53 patients younger than 20 with chronic liver disease or EHPVO and no history of bleeding or prophylactic treatment of esophageal varices (EV). They were divided in 2 groups: group I (35 with chronic liver disease) and group II (18 with EHPVO). Their blood count, INR, albumin, bilirubin, abdominal ultrasound and upper endoscopy results were taken. A splenic index (SI) was determined by dividing the patients' spleen dimension by its uppermost limit according to their age. The variables were compared to the presence of EV, gastric varices (GV) and portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG). The univariate (?² test, Fischer's exact test and Wilcoxon rank sum test) and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis were performed. A ROC curve was constructed and the area under the ROC was calculated. Results: EV were observed in 48,5% of group I patients and in 83,3% of group II patients. Low platelet count (p=0,0015), splenomegaly (p=0,0003), SI (p=0,0007), splenorenal shunt (p=0,0329) and lesser omental thickness (p=0,0151) were statistically predictors of EV among group I patients. The multivariate analysis showed low platelet count (odds=21,7) as an independent predictor of EV in patients with chronic liver disease. Gallbladder varices (p=0,0245) and gallbladders' wall thickness (p=0,0289) statistically predicted EV among group II patients. Platelet count (p=0369), SI (p=0,0041) and platelet/SI ratio (p=0192) were significant predictors of GV among group I patients. Low platelet count predicted GV among group II patients (p=0,0216). PHG occurred more often among group I patients who had low platelet count (p=0,0286), splenorenal shunt (p=0,0384), lower platelet/SI ratio (p=0,0369) and thicker lesser omental thickness (p=0,0226). Conclusions: Platelet count, splenic index, platelet/SI ratio, splenorrenal shunt and lesser omental thickness were indicative of EV among children and adolescents with chronic liver disease. Gallbladder varices and thicker gallbladders' wall were indicative of EV among EHPVO patients. Low platelet count, splenomegaly and lesser platelet/SI ratio were indicative of GV among group I patients. Low platelet count was indicative of GV among group II patients. Low platelet count, splenorenal shunt, bigger INR, lesser platelet/SI ratio and thicker lesser omentum were indicative of PHG among chronic liver disease patients / Doutorado / Pediatria / Doutor em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente

Les plaquettes sanguines sont des cellules qui ont un rôle majeur au cours des processus de l’hémostase primaire et jouent un rôle primordial dans l’immunité innée mais aussi adaptative. Ces cellules anucléées ont une capacité sécrétoire très importante de facteurs solubles notamment de cytokines, de chimiokines (CK/CH) et de facteurs immunomodulateurs. L’émergence du rôle inflammatoire des plaquettes sanguines dans la communauté scientifique a soulevé de nombreuses questions auxquelles nous essayons de répondre dans ce manuscrit. La majorité de ces questions repose sur la capacité de ces cellules anucléées à répondre de manière régulée à des stimuli complexes. Nos investigations pour répondre à ces questions ont été réalisées dans un contexte transfusion sanguine. Au cours de nos travaux, nous avons mis en évidence la corrélation des profils de sécrétion plaquettaire avec les récepteurs membranaires et les voies de signalisations intraplaquettaires engagées. Les plaquettes expriment plusieurs récepteurs immunitaires sur leur surface notamment les « Pattern recognition receptors » (PRR) et des récepteurs aux CK/CH. Nous avons démontré et caractérisé la fonction d’un nouveau récepteur plaquettaire, le Siglec-7. Ce récepteur est localisé dans les granules a ; son expression sur la membrane est corrélée avec l’état d’activation plaquettaire. Le Siglec-7 a une avidité élevée avec les molécules composées d’α2,8-disialyl (NeuAcα2,8NeuAcα2,3Gal) et de α2,6-sialyl (Gal-b1,3[NeuAcα2,6]HexNAc) (comme les gangliosides GD2, GD3 et GT1b). L’engagement de ce récepteur peut induire l’apoptose plaquettaire par la voie intrinsèque et extramitochondriale. Ce processus nécessite l’engagement du récepteur GPIIbIIIa et P2Y1 et la signalisation de la voie de PI3k. Nous avons également étudié et mis en évidence une composante inflammatoire multifactorielle dans les effets indésirables des receveurs (EIR) et trouvé dans les concentrés plaquettaires (CP), plusieurs facteurs solubles ayant une valeur prédictive élevée pour la survenue des EIR, notamment le sCD40L et l’IL-13. Nous avons confirmé que la concentration de ces facteurs augmente au cours de temps de stockage des CP, étant, en partie, responsable du taux élevé de l’EIR des CP âgés. Enfin, en plus de la conservation, les processus de préparation des CP peuvent aussi avoir des impacts sur les propriétés inflammatoires des plaquettes. Ces travaux montrent que la réponse inflammatoire plaquettaire est régulée en fonction du stimulus, permettant d’argumenter sur le rôle présumé de sentinelle des plaquettes sanguines humaines. Ainsi, mes travaux s’inscrivent dans la ré-exploration de la fonction inflammatoire des plaquettes sanguines et l’étude du rôle des plaquettes comme cellules de l’immunité à composante inflammatoire / Blood platelets are non-nucleated cells and play a major role in primary hemostasis and a key role in inflammation, innate and adaptive immunity. They secrete a large variety of soluble factors including cytokines/chemokines (CK/CH) and immunomodulator factors. The emergence of their inflammatory role has raised numerous questions based on the ability of platelets to respond to complex stimuli. Our investigations to answer these questions were realized in the context of platelet component transfusion. In our study, we demonstrated the correlation between the platelet secretion of soluble factors with their membrane receptors and the signaling pathways involved. Platelets express many immune receptors on their surface, including "Pattern recognition receptors" (PRRs) and receptor for CK/CH. We discovered and characterized the function of a new platelet receptor, the Siglec-7. This receptor is located in the granules a and its expression is correlated to the platelet activation level. The Siglec -7 has a high avidity with the molecules composed of α2,8-disialyl (NeuAcα2,8NeuAcα2,3Gal) and of α2,6-sialyl (Gal-b1,3[NeuAcα2,6]HexNAc) (ganglioside GD2 , GD3 and GT1b). Stimulation of this platelet receptor may induce platelet apoptosis by the intrinsic and extramitochondrial pathway. This process requires the engagement of GPIIbIIIa and P2Y1 receptor and the PI3K pathway. We also demonstrated a multifactorial inflammatory component in adverse effects issuing from platelets transfusion, and identified many soluble factors which have a high predictive value of Acute Transfusion Reactions (ATR) occurrence, such as sCD40L and IL- 13. We confirmed that the concentration of these factors increases during storage time of platelet component (PC), being partly responsible for the high rate of ATR by old PC. Finally, in addition to the PC conservation, the process of PC preparation may also have impacts on the inflammatory properties of platelets. These studies showed that the platelet inflammatory response is regulated by the stimulus, explaining the sentinel role of human blood platelets. Therefore, my work contributes to the re-exploration of inflammatory function of these cells and studies their role as an immune cell with an inflammatory component

L'autotaxine (ATX) est une glycoprotéine sécrétée qui grâce à son activité lysophospholipase D est à l'origine d'un lipide biologiquement actif, l'acide lysophosphatidique (LPA), dans la circulation sanguine. L'expression de l'ATX par les cellules tumorales contrôle la dissémination métastatique spontanée des cellules de cancer du sein et la formation des métastases osseuses. Au cours de cette thèse, nous avons observé que le ciblage thérapeutique précoce de l'ATX dans un modèle animal préclinique bloque de façon remarquable la dissémination métastatique des cellules de cancer du sein. Cependant les mécanismes moléculaires à l'origine de l'action du LPA sur les cellules tumorales sont mal caractérisés. Nous avons ici montré, via des expériences in vitro et in vivo, que l'ATX circulante d'origine non tumorale libérée par les plaquettes sanguines sous l'action des cellules tumorales, contrôle les évènements précoces de la dissémination métastatique. Cependant, le LPA est un lipide extrêmement sensible à l'action des phosphatases, présentes en grande quantité dans les milieux extracellulaires : l'activité du LPA serait dépendante de sa production locale, au voisinage de ses récepteurs présents à la surface des cellules. Ces travaux ont ainsi mis en évidence que le pouvoir pro-métastatique de l'ATX dépend à la fois de son interaction avec l'intégrine Alpha V/Beta3exprimée par les cellules tumorales, mais également d'un protéoglycane, Syndecan-4 présent en surface cellulaire. En conclusion, le ciblage de l’ATX via son activité ou via ses interactions présente un haut potentiel thérapeutique chez des patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein à fort risque métastatique / Bone metastases are a frequent complication of cancer, occurring in up to 70 percent of patients with advanced breast or prostate cancer. Despite the improvement of current therapies, the survival of bone metastasis patients is only 24 months. This study aims to find new mechanisms involved in bone metastasis formation. Autotaxin (ATX/NPP2) is a secreted glycoprotein that generates lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) through its lysophospholipase D activity. Our lab previously demonstrated that ATX is overexpressed in multiple types of cancers and together with LPA generated during platelet activation promotes skeletal metastasis of breast cancer. However, the pathophysiological sequelae of regulated interactions between circulating LPA, ATX and platelets remain undefined in cancer. In this work we show that ATX is stored in a- granules of resting human platelets and released upon tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation, leading to the production of LPA. Our in vitro and in vivo experiments using human breast cancers cells that do not express ATX demonstrate that non-tumoral ATX controls the early stage of bone colonization by tumor cells. However, LPA is extremely sensitive to phosphatases, which are highly expressed in extracellular environment and at cell membranes. The molecular mechanisms involved in the local production of LPA at the bone metastatic site are still not well characterized. The present results establish that binding of ATX to alphaV/Beta3 integrin and/or the proteoglycan syndecan-4 allow LPA delivery to its receptors present at the surface of tumor cells. These results may have important implications in the development of new therapies for patients with bone metastases